Gum Arabic (GA), renowned for its natural, biodegradable, and non-toxic properties, holds considerable promise in encapsulation, despite its natural form having limited capacity to form particles or fibers. This study delves into the electrospraying of GA and GA/PVA solutions, aiming to optimize process and solution parameters. Characterization of the electrosprayed solutions was conducted through viscosity, conductivity, and surface tension measurements. Additionally, solvent concentrations, polymer types, and total feed rates were thoroughly investigated as part of this optimization process. Their impact on nanoparticle formation was observed through SEM images for morphological analysis. Some findings suggest that the combination of GA and PVA facilitated the formation of electrosprayed nanoparticles, rather than relying solely on GA. Optimal blending concentrations were achieved by avoiding extremes of high or low PVA concentrations in solutions containing up to 50 % GA. The study comprehensively examines the properties of the resulting nanoparticles, demonstrating successful acquisition in the nano size range and monodispersity, highlighting the potential of the electrospraying method for producing nano-sized Gum Arabic and PVA particles, as well as encapsulating other materials and agents in future textile finishing applications.

Pineapple leaf fibers (PALF) were extracted by high-pressure water (HPW) using a household car washer with a cyclone jet nozzle. High-pressure water was sprayed along the leaf, which was secured on a concrete surface 7 cm away from the nozzle, extracting 3.0% fiber from a 36-cm section in 20 s. The PALF phase was observed by scanning electron microscopy, revealing that fibers obtained by HPW had almost no surface adhesions, while those obtained using decorticator machines had many scale-like attachments. No difference was observed in the fracture strain; however, the HPW-extracted fibers had a higher elastic modulus and maximum stress. The measured α-cellulose content for the fibers was 71.2 ± 0.8% for HPW and 55.4 ± 0.1% for the decorticator machine. The lignin coloration images showed that lignin remained in the PALF extracted by the decorticator machine, whereas no lignin residue was observed in the PALF extracted by HPW. The absolute CIE tint index (T_CIE) value for the HPW sample, recorded at 10°-view angle, was lower than that for the decorticator sample, indicating that the HPW samples were closer to white and exhibited a lighter tint than the decorticator sample.