言語研究
Online ISSN : 2185-6710
Print ISSN : 0024-3914
1959 巻, 36 号
選択された号の論文の7件中1~7を表示しています
  • 柴田 武
    1959 年 1959 巻 36 号 p. 1-30
    発行日: 1959/10/20
    公開日: 2010/11/26
    ジャーナル フリー
    In the present study we try a new approach to the problem of theexistence of dialects as linguistic unities. The innovation lies in the methodused.
    A survey was conducted by T. Sibata, W. A. Grootaers and M. Tokugawain October-November 1957. The region chosen was the southerncorner of Niigata prefecture (220 km NW of Tokyo, on the Japan Sea) and164 hamlets were visited. For every hamlet we choose one informant, male, above sixty, native in that hamlet.
    Our questionnaire was very short: only 60 items: on vocabulary, phonetics, accent and grammar. At the end we added ten questions about thesocial and religious life of the village. Armed with this knowledge, wethen proceeded to put the following questions: Does the language spokenin this hamlet differ in any way from that of the neighboring hamlet (namehere the hamlets in the vicinity, one by one in all directions, going progressivelyfurther and further)?(1) no difference (2) a slight difference (3)a noticeable difference (4) almost not intelligible.
    As a whole, the average informant gave us a good account of his subjectivelinguistic consciousness. He gave readily the name of villages intwo or three directions to indicate where the noticeable difference andthe great difference started. These answers now must be analysed tofind whether they show common traits.
    The boundaries found on the maps made from our material do not coincidewith the objective linguistic boundaries, except for a few lexical types (one name of the mantis for instance) which have the same extension assome of the subjective groups. Generally speaking, the subjective dialectconsciousness is not shaped by linguistic boundaries. Although the phoneticand lexical boundaries cut the area in various patterns, the subjectivedialect boundaries disregard them, because they reflect first and foremosta community of life, not a linguistic community.
    Common life in the village fosters a feeling of togetherness, which issubjectively attributed to linguistic differences, although hardly any objectivebasis is found in the language itself. In the region surveyed, 19such groups were found generally corresponding with the village units inwhich the informants grew up during the last 60 years.
    Taking now the answeres given by our informants to the last of the fourquestions and arranging them into categories, we find that specially thearea towards the west is felt as quite alien to their own dialect. Onemay say that the southern corner of Niigata prefecture shows a sharpconsciousness of its difference with the west, Toyama or Ettyuu. Theboundary is felt at a short distance before reaching the real administrativeboundary ; for one half of the people, the Oyasirazu promontory, for anotherhalf, the Himegawa river marks the begin of that other linguisticworld.
    There is another larger subjective linguistic community, which is basedon the feudal province; its boundaries and its characteristics remain veryvague in the mind of the informants. It is largely based on transient.impressions and on hear-say. But the general consensus is clear andemphatic.
    The foreign reader is also referred to the article n° 14 of note 2 above.
  • 東条 操
    1959 年 1959 巻 36 号 p. 31-32
    発行日: 1959/10/20
    公開日: 2010/11/26
    ジャーナル フリー
  • ジュネーヴ・ミネソタ・岡山調査を通してみた
    江 実
    1959 年 1959 巻 36 号 p. 33-39
    発行日: 1959/10/20
    公開日: 2010/11/26
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 服部 四郎
    1959 年 1959 巻 36 号 p. 40-54
    発行日: 1959/10/20
    公開日: 2010/11/26
    ジャーナル フリー
    Monguor and Dagur are known as the languages which stand in isolated positions from the other Mongol languages and dialects. I have been planning for a long time to compare the Mongol languages from the glottochronological view-point. Recently I have tried the comparison in terms of Swadesh's 200-item list (See the Journal of the Linguistic Society of Japan, Nos. 26/27, p.72f.), and obtained the following figures (the percentages of the residual cognates). The figures clearly show that Dagur, Monguor, and the group of the other dialects are considerably remote from each other. Although we are not yet in the situation to compute the exact time-depth, I think it is probable that Monguor was separated from the other dialects before the 13th century.
  • 隈元 宣孝, 小泉 保, 寺沢 芳雄, 小林 智賀平, 馬瀬 良雄, サクマ カナエ, 小島 公一郎
    1959 年 1959 巻 36 号 p. 63-77
    発行日: 1959/10/20
    公開日: 2010/11/26
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 小林 智賀平
    1959 年 1959 巻 36 号 p. 55-56
    発行日: 1959/10/20
    公開日: 2013/05/23
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 宮部 菊男
    1959 年 1959 巻 36 号 p. 57-62
    発行日: 1959/10/20
    公開日: 2013/05/23
    ジャーナル フリー
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