Geographical review of Japan series B
Online ISSN : 1883-4396
ISSN-L : 1883-4396
92 巻, 2 号
選択された号の論文の2件中1~2を表示しています
Original Article
  • IMAZATO Satoshi
    2020 年 92 巻 2 号 p. 51-71
    発行日: 2020/03/31
    公開日: 2020/03/31
    ジャーナル フリー

    This article explores how the sense of territoriality and various background conditions of Japanese rural communities affect the emergence of folk boundaries, which are viewed here as the contours of residents’ cognitive territory represented by religion-based symbolic markers. Specifically, I look at how the particular social-geographical conditions of different communities create diverse conceptions of such boundaries, including the presence or absence of the boundaries, within the same region. Here, I focus on three Japanese villages encompassing seven local religious communities of Shinto-Buddhists, Catholics, and former Hidden Christians on Hirado Island in Kyushu. These villages are viewed respectively as examples of contrastive coexistence, degeneration, and expansion in territoriality. Among the seven religious communities, only those believing in Shinto-Buddhism, as well as Hidden Christianity, have maintained their folk boundaries. These communities satisfy the conditions of an agglomerated settlement form, a size generally larger than ten households, a location isolated from other communities within the village, and strong social integration. In contrast, Catholics have not constructed such boundaries based on their historical process of settlement. However, they have influenced the forms of Shinto-Buddhists’ territoriality, although not those of Hidden Christians. Additionally, their settlement form and relative location among the other religious communities have affected the shape of the Shinto-Buddhists’ cognitive territories. Changes in these intertwined background conditions can transform the states of territoriality, which should be viewed as correlated rather than independent and as dynamic rather than static.

  • FUJIBE Fumiaki, MATSUMOTO Jun, SUZUKI Hideto
    2020 年 92 巻 2 号 p. 72-83
    発行日: 2020/03/31
    公開日: 2020/03/31
    ジャーナル フリー

    A series of statistical analyses are made to find the dependence of heat and cold mortalities on the temperature and economic states of municipalities in Japan, using vital statistics data for 18 years, from 1999 to 2016. A partial correlation analysis for 1,207 municipalities over the country has indicated that heat and cold mortalities are positively and negatively correlated with summer and winter temperatures, respectively, while they are both negatively correlated with annual income and positively correlated with municipality population. These features are essentially common to genders, age groups, and regions, and indicate that heat and cold mortalities depend on both climatic and socioeconomic factors. An additional analysis of 151 wards in Tokyo and 12 other government-designated cities has also shown a correlation between heat/cold mortality and income; in particular, exceptionally high mortality is found in some wards which have areas with poor living conditions.

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