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Volume 87, Issue 5
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
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Regular Papers
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Satoshi MIWA, Yoshito OHTAKE2014 Volume 87 Issue 5 Pages 161-167
Published: 2014
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2014
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe degradation behavior of silicone rubber treated with ozone in water has been investigated. The materials used were commercially available silicone rubber containing polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and silica. As-received silicone rubber was cross-linked by peroxide. By the ozone-water treatments, the translucent sample changed into opaque one, the soluble fraction in the cross-linked sample for the degree of swelling decreased in the good solvent for PDMS. Chemical structure of the sample after ozone treatment for both soluble and insoluble parts of the samples in the good solvent for PDMS were evaluated by solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) method, size exclusion chromatography, and gas chromatography - mass spectrometry. In addition, information on the interactions between PDMS and silica was obtained by 29Si cross polarization / magic angle spinning NMR method, while might influence on the changes of degree of swelling of the sample by the ozone-water treatments.View full abstractDownload PDF (1522K)
General Reviews
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Katsuhiko TSUNODA2014 Volume 87 Issue 5 Pages 168-174
Published: 2014
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2014
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFracture mechanics in rubbery material is reviewed in terms of crack growth measurement. Fracture mechanics was developed focusing on energy balance, ignoring complex stress and strain field at the crack tip. However, it seems fundamental research activities for crack tip analysis are increasing in these days utilizing updated technologies. These challenges are also briefly reviewed finally.View full abstractDownload PDF (1056K) -
“Development of Oligomers for PSA used in Touch Panel Bonding”as ExampleHiroshi SASAKI2014 Volume 87 Issue 5 Pages 175-179
Published: 2014
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2014
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the development of Elastic Materials, formulation of filler with elastomer is well known common technique and widely used to establish improved physical and chemical properties.
The interaction of elastic bulk with filler and/or dispersability of fillers are believed to be the key for fine property improvement of final composite. For such interaction, interface of elastomer bulk and filler surface plays an important roll.
As interfacial property improvement example, the effect of addition of oligomers to PSA (Pressure Sensitive Adhesives) used for bonding of Touch Panel devices are discussed.
The improved properties of oligomer added PSA was explained by segregation of oligomers into the interface of substrates, which was investigated by both XPS measurement and simulation.View full abstractDownload PDF (811K) -
Shigemitsu OTOMO2014 Volume 87 Issue 5 Pages 180-186
Published: 2014
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2014
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSince tire and automobile parts such as fuel hose and rubber packing and timing belts etc are made of rubber vulcanizate, the improvements of their heat aging resistance by addition of antidegradant is very important theme. This paper reviews the guide to the selection of proper antidegradant for improvement of heat aging resistance of rubber vulcanizate at various aging temperature, and better synergistic effects produced by the best combination of chain breaking antioxidants and peroxide decomposer, and the chemical reaction of novel antidegradant to rubber in the processing steps to afford non-extractable antidegradant.View full abstractDownload PDF (649K)
Advanced Course on Rubber Science and Technology
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Part 3: Hope to Get a Colorful Passenger TireMasayoshi ITO2014 Volume 87 Issue 5 Pages 187-194
Published: 2014
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2014
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe characteristics of filler gel developed in the silica filled rubber systems were described in relation to the carbon gel. Two kinds of filler gel were considered. The one is that the filler gel corresponds to a rubber component entrapped within a secondary structure formed by silica particles (agglomerates), which is similar to occluded rubber in carbon gel. By a utilization of bi-functional coupling agent, chemical bonds are formed between rubber molecules and silanol groups on silica particles, which is the other type of filler gel. The fraction of filler gel in the filled rubber is dependent on the agglomerate size and the sort of coupling agent. By the utilization of silica with less number of silanol groups on the particles and by the introduction of coupling agent, the size of agglomerate decreased leading to the decrease in the fraction of filler gel in the systems. The tensile properties of silica filled rubber vulcanizates were also discussed in relation to the filler gel.View full abstractDownload PDF (1412K) -
(2) Role of 1H Pulsed NMR in Analysis of Soft MaterialsHitoshi IWABUKI2014 Volume 87 Issue 5 Pages 195-202
Published: 2014
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2014
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1H pulsed NMR is a technique for measuring spin-spin relaxation (transverse relaxation) and spin-lattice relaxation (longitudinal relaxation). Analysis of transverse relaxation decay using Weibull function provides the time constant (spin-spin relaxation time; T2) and shape parameter (Weibull coefficient; W). The T2 and W value correlate with molecular mobility and its distribution, respectively. When the material is composed of multiple components,decay of the total is observed as a superposition decay of each component. The fraction (F) of each T2 component is proportional to the signal intensity of each component. By using three parameters (T2, F, and W), It is possible to know quantitative the crosslinking density and inhomogeneity of the soft materials.View full abstractDownload PDF (908K) -
1. Removal of Soluble Zinc Compounds from Rubber Vulcanizates and Study on Bound Rubber Before and After the VulcanizationAtsushi KATO, Yuko IKEDA, Yoshihiro SATO, Etsuko NAGANO2014 Volume 87 Issue 5 Pages 203-209
Published: 2014
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2014
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe three-dimensional transmission electron microscope (3D-TEM) images of nano-filler-filled rubber vulcanizates were very low contrast. As one of the curing reagents, zinc oxide, and its derivatives formed during cross-linking reactions were assumed to be responsible for it. A removal method by extraction of the rubber-soluble zinc compounds, and so on by a solvent mixture was developed (NARC-AK method), and it was found to give clear 3D-TEM images. These images afforded quantitative analyses of nano-filler aggregates in the rubbery matrix. The 3D-TEM analysis on isoprene rubber (IR) loaded with HAF, FEF or FT was carried out before and after their vulcanization. The unique ratio (SCB/VCB) of the total surface without the six side areas of the 3D-TEM cuboidal image to the total volume of CB aggregate, was obtained from a 3D-TEM image, and activation energy (ΔE(T2)) of spin-spin relaxation was measured on the immobilized rubber layer around CB from pulsed NMR measurements. A linear relationship between ΔE(T2) and SCB/VCBwas observed. Also, a linear relationship was observed between the volume ratio of IR gel and SCB/VCB. The slopes of this approximate straight line gave an approximately 3.9 nm within experimental errors. This value is estimated to be equivalent to the thickness of bound rubber encircling the CB aggregates. The intercept value, approximately 4 wt%, may be interpreted to be suggesting that the IR gel fraction has changed little before and after the vulcanization.View full abstractDownload PDF (1665K)
Technical Note
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2014 Volume 87 Issue 5 Pages Annc5_177-
Published: 2014
Released on J-STAGE: October 10, 2014
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSDownload PDF (295K)
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