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Article type: Cover
2012 Volume 57 Issue 4 Pages
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2012 Volume 57 Issue 4 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
2012 Volume 57 Issue 4 Pages
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Manabu Tobisa, Yutaka Nakano, Jinsoo Paek, Toshihiro Mochizuki, Masata ...
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 57 Issue 4 Pages
179-184
Published: January 15, 2012
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This study was conducted to investigate dry matter production of rice plant in mixed cropping with phasey bean (Macroptilium lathyroides (L.) Urb.; Pb). The single cropping rice plant 'Mizuhochikara' and mixed cropping with Pb (plant density ratio was 1: 1, plant density was the same as single cropping rice plant) were transplanted to the paddy field and harvested at full-ripe stage of rice plant. The number of stems and the leaf area for a rice plant in mixed cropping with Pb showed higher values compared with the single cropping rice plant. Total dry matter yield and total crude protein yield of the rice plant in mixed cropping with Pb tended to show higher values compared with those of the single cropping rice plant. In vitro dry matter digestibility of the rice plant in mixed cropping with Pb was higher than that of the single cropping rice plant. NDF, ADF, hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin contents of the culm and top of the rice plant in mixed cropping with Pb showed lower values compared with those of the single cropping rice plant. Digestible dry matter yield of the rice plant in mixed cropping with Pb showed higher values than the single cropping rice plant.
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Soichiro Morita, Seiji Nakao, Tsutomu Kanno, Shunji Kurokawa, Setsuro ...
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 57 Issue 4 Pages
185-189
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With planting by a no-tillage seeder of triple disc method (no-tillage system), we examined the effect of soil physical properties on the seeding accuracy and early growth of silage corn (Zea mays L.) on the compacted soil field by previous several runnings of tractor. Soil physical properties, such as soil hardness, soil density, soil clod-size and shearing resistance in the no-tillage system increased compared with the field plowed by rotary tiller. At the same time, the percentage of seedling establishment and early growth in the no-tillage system were much smaller than those in the plot plowed by rotary, though seed had been installed into a no-tillage seed slot made by a triple disc opener. These results indicate that tractor running causes deterioration of soil physical property for the germination and early growth of silage corn. Since the rise in shearing resistance decreased harrowing effect by triple disc, bigger clod-size of soil resulted in the decrease in the percentage of seedling establishment and additionally the rise in soil hardness which suppressed early growth of the crop. From these results, it should be effective to prepare the finer soil clod that contact with seeds more tight to obtain higher percentage of seedling establishment in silage corn.
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Tomonori Yara, Yasuhiro Kawamoto
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 57 Issue 4 Pages
190-196
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Grazing experiment was conducted to compare pasture utilization and herbage accumulation responses of pangolagrass Digitaria eriantha Steud. cv. Transvala (Tr) and giant stargrass Cynodon nlemfuensis Vanderyst (Gs) in south western islands, Japan. The experiment was evaluated by using Japanese Black cattle in 2002 and 2003. Mean value of pasture allowance before grazing of Tr was lower than that of Gs, because crop growth rate of Tr in non-grazing period was lower than that of Gs during the experiment. The annual mean herbage intake and TDN intake of Gs were estimated to be adequate in both year, except Tr that showed slightly low pasture allowance in winter in 2003. Carrying capacity (CD) obtained on the Tr and Gs pasture were 1942 CD/ha and 2227 CD/ha, respectively. Grazing for 7 days and non-grazing for about 30 days was desirable rotation for both the pastures. Stocking rate of Gs pasture was 6.9 head/ha in summer season (April to November, above 20℃), and 4.2 head/ha in winter season (December to March, below 20℃). On the other hand, stocking rate of Tr pasture was 6.5 head/ha in summer season, but 3.4 head/ha in winter season, which was subj ect to overgrazing because it remarkably decreased herbage mass in winter season with below 20℃.
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Yoshito Yamamoto, Kiyoshi Hirano, Miya Kitagawa, Miwa Nakano, Tomoko N ...
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 57 Issue 4 Pages
197-200
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We studied the vegetation of centipedegrass, Eremochloa ophiuroides (Munro) Hack., in an abandoned pasture. The coverage of centipedegrass extended under grazing condition after 2002 when 2 kg/10a seeds were sown ; and reached over 90% in 2004. However, the coverage of the centipedegrass decreased after grazing was discontinued; moreover, the pasture was gradually abandoned ; and the centipedegrass finally disappeared in 2008. Instead of the centipedegrass, a tall-grass type species such as Imperata cylindrica and viny species such as Amphicarpaca edgeworthii and Cayratia japonica were found to dominate. However, the centipedegrass had continued to dominate in the control plot where grazing was maintained. The buried centipedegrass seeds could not be found in soil of both plots in 2010. Therefore, it was clear that the centipedegrass declined after the pasture was abandoned.
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Shin Deguchi, Yumi Shimazaki, Hidenori Kawamoto, Osamu Tanaka, Sunao U ...
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 57 Issue 4 Pages
201-204
Published: January 15, 2012
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It is known that compost application raises the soil temperature. However, the effects on crop growth of raising the soil temperature through compost application are not clear. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of compost application on soil temperature and corn growth in 2004-2005. The experiment included six treatments with two or three replicates : three chemical fertilizer treatments and three compost treatments. Chemical fertilizer application rate (N-P_O0_5-K_2O) was 15-15-15 or 20-20-20kg/10a for the standard application rate, 30-30-30 or 40-40-40 kg/10a for the medium application rate, and 60-60-60kg/10a for the high application rate. The amount of compost applied was 4, 8 and 16t/10a. The chemical fertilizer application rate influenced neither the soil temperature nor the corn growth. In the early growth stage, the soil temperature in the compost application treatments was higher than that in the standard chemical fertilizer application treatment. Although the corn yield was not increased by compost application, the corn emergence and silking were promoted and the plant height in the early growth stage was greater in the compost application treatments than in the standard chemical fertilizer application treatment. It was concluded that compost application enhanced corn early growth and ripening by raising the soil temperature.
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Tamaki Kida, Shuji Urakawa, Morinobu Matsuo, Hirokatsu Shito
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 57 Issue 4 Pages
205-208
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The purpose of this study was to develop a mass measurement system of rice round bales equipped with a self- propelled bale wrapper. The prototype was assessed using hydraulic cylinder pressure for the lift-up mechanism of the turntable of the self-propelled bale wrapper. The prototype consisted of a sensor for hydraulic pressure and a data logger. The mass was measured as the turntable was lifted and dropped down when the round bale was mounted on it. The mass of the round bale was determined using the estimated equation, from the hydraulic pressure value. The average pressure value was found to be highly correlated with the mass of the round bale. This method may prove to be an useful measurement technique for determining the mass of round bales.
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Yoshitaka Nakanishi, Ikuo Hattori, Hikari Tagawa, Satoko Takayama, Koj ...
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 57 Issue 4 Pages
209-211
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The relationship between data on volatile basic nitrogen (VBN) content in fermented TMR and silage samples measured by microdiffusion analysis and ion electrode method was examined in order to develop its more simplified measurement than conventional ones. A total of 68 fermented TMR and silage samples including fodder rice, sugar cane, rice shochu distillery byproduct etc. were used for simple regression analysis. From the results of comparison of 30, 50 and 100 mL samples of fermented TMR ex- tracts, it was found that 30 mL was enough volume for determination by ion electrode method. A significant linear regression was obtained between data on VBN content by microdiffusion analysis (Y) and ion electrode method (X), i.e. Y=0.955X (r=0.980, P<0.001). Therefore, it was suggested that ion electrode method was applicable to determination of VBN content using 30mL extracts.
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Michio Tsutsumi, Hiroyuki Sasaki, Yoshitaka Takahashi
Article type: Article
2012 Volume 57 Issue 4 Pages
212-216
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Article type: Appendix
2012 Volume 57 Issue 4 Pages
217-218
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Article type: Index
2012 Volume 57 Issue 4 Pages
219-220
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2012 Volume 57 Issue 4 Pages
221-222
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2012 Volume 57 Issue 4 Pages
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2012 Volume 57 Issue 4 Pages
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2012 Volume 57 Issue 4 Pages
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2012 Volume 57 Issue 4 Pages
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2012 Volume 57 Issue 4 Pages
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Article type: Cover
2012 Volume 57 Issue 4 Pages
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2012 Volume 57 Issue 4 Pages
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