In order to reduce the expense of dry preparation，I compared the general method which dries up in a fresh paddy and the brown rice drying system. The brown rice drying system is using the impeller type husker for high moisture paddy and the recirculating batch type heated air dryer. The drying efficiency, yield rate and feed compositions were compared between the brown rice drying system and conventional method. The brown rice drying system could reduce the working hours, kerosene and electric power consumption required for drying more than 50% compared with a conventional method. Therefore，the charging and discharging operations has drastically improved. In addition, the brown rice drying system could reduce them including husking paddy, then the yield rate did not change. The fiber increased a little with the increase in husk mixture rate，and the total digestible nutrients (TDN) content slightly decreased, but as for other feed compositions, TDN weight and the amino acids contents were not meaningful difference between both systems. The results indicated that the brown rice drying system improved the drying efficiency compared with the conventional method．

To establish a labor-saving cattle stocking management regime for Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) and white clover (Trifolium repens L.) mixed sward, the effects of early turning out to pasture and reduced fertilizer rate on animal performance and herbage production in set grazing were investigated for 3 years in Hokkaido. On the control plot (with standard management), grazing was started at a plant length of 12-14 cm, and the sward received 3 fertilizer applications equating to 72, 96 and 132 kg/ha/year of N, P₂O₅ and K₂O, respectively. On the plot with the improved management, grazing was started at a plant length of 4-5 cm, and the annual fertilization rate was reduced to one-third of that in the control, with the aim of reducing the magnitude of seasonal fluctuation of sward productivity. On the improved management plot, the spring flash in June was suppressed, and the dry matter ratio of white clover was higher than that in the control plot. Moreover, stocking capacity (547 cow-day/ha) and body weight gain (862 kg/ha and 0.981 kg/head/day) observed for the improved management plot were equivalent to those observed for the control plot. It was concluded that the early turning out to pasture and reduced fertilizer rate were effective for labor-saving stocking management regime on the Kentucky bluegrass and white clover mixed sward under set stocking in Japanese subarctic areas.

In order to examine the effect of late autumn grazing after the second cutting of timothy (Phleum pratense L.) meadow on extension of grazing period and dry matter intake of dairy cows, and the successive first crop yield and botanical composition were measured at two study sites (fulltime grazing in Sapporo and night time grazing in Hiroo) in Hokkaido for three years. The herbage mass of regrowth was 57-263kg DM/10a and the grazing period was extended 7-23 days. During the grazing period, the efficiency of the utilization of grass was 70-85%. Both fulltime grazing and night grazing, daily dry matter intake of grazing grass was almost correspond to that in the genaral grazing period. The dry matter yield of the successive first cutting was 444-669kg/10a, and the dominance of timothy was maintained. The results suggest that the late autumn grazing after the second cutting of the timothy meadow is effective to extend grazing period of dairy cows.