地理学評論
Online ISSN : 2185-1719
Print ISSN : 0016-7444
ISSN-L : 0016-7444
25 巻, 10 号
選択された号の論文の4件中1~4を表示しています
  • 鏡味 完二
    1952 年 25 巻 10 号 p. 383-391
    発行日: 1952/10/01
    公開日: 2008/12/24
    ジャーナル フリー
    There are main four types of place names given to mountain passes in Japan, namely “-tawa, ” “_ngoe, ” “-saka” and “-tô-nge.” Each of these place -names has a great many examples and is distributed more widely than other names of mountain passes, the number of which is as many as 60. Their distribution in terms of altitude is shown in Fig. 1, “-saka” being situated at the lowest altitude and “-ngoe” the highest. The names of “ctawa, ” “tao” and “tô-nge” mean the concaved forms of mountain ridges and the two of the former are older than the latter in origin. “-ngoe” means to “pass over, ” and “saka” a declined slope, and also the former is older than the latter in origin. These four types were originated in Japan in the following order. At first “-tawa” or “tao, ” then “-ngoe, ” thirdly “-saka” and finally “-tô-nge.”
    The author gained this information of their developments from the fact of their distributions in Fig. 1-3. In Fig. 1, such place names as “-tao, ” “-tawa” and “-to” are distributed in the areas to the north or south of the Seto Inland Sea. These areas are of cultivated lands since the most ancient times. In Fig. 3 it can be pointed out that “-ngoe” is distributed around the districts above mentioned. In Fig. 3, one can see “-saka” distributed around the Kinki District which is the eastern-most of the land series of the Seto Inland Sea. In this district developed was Yamato Dynasty inheriting Izumo culture that thrived in the area to the north of the Inland Sea. Finaly “-tô-nge” was developed mainly in 4 regions shown. in Fig. 4.
    Fig. 4 is the density map of all the place names given to mountain passes. Densely distributed areas are found in low-altitude mountains and hill lands rather than high-altitude mountains. In this map one can divide them in to three districts: Hokkaido, north-eastern Japan and south-western Japan; the latter the denser.
  • 合田 榮作
    1952 年 25 巻 10 号 p. 392-400
    発行日: 1952/10/01
    公開日: 2008/12/24
    ジャーナル フリー
    In order to grasp the characters of migration in the mountain villages, on the north side of the Sanuki Mountains, the author has investigated 1932 cases of migration due to marriages registered to village offices in 1949. The character may, be classified as follows:
    (1) The number of emigrants is larger than that of immigrants, and the migrations within the circles of native villages are the smallest in number.
    (2) The migrations within native villages are characteristic to the villagers situated in the cntral part, having large areas lacking in facilities of communication. (3) The migrations take place in most of the cases within Sanuki Province, and in these cases the emigrants out of the villages are greater in number than the immigrants into the villages. And the migrations are chiefly directed to the north from the south. As for the sphere of intermarrage, that of matrimonial emigration is larger than that of matrimonial immigration and both of them are definitely limited to near places because of the restriction of distance. As distance becomes greater, the number of migrants becomes smaller, the graphs of which form the shape of “L.” The limit of the distance is about 5km. (4) In case of migrations taking place between Sanuki and other provinces, immigrants are more numerous than emigrants, the direction pointing chiefly to the north from the south. The circle of intermarriage covers the eastern part of the Seto Inland-Sea with three adjoining provinces as its center. (5) Judjing from the comparison of population, the localities of intermarriage are to be arranged in the following order according to their weights; the first, within native villages; the second, within the province; and the third., between provinces. (6) The range of the ages of the migrants is wide, and the age of 23 years forms the peak in the number of migrations and that of over 28 years is far below. When refered only to men, the peak in number appears in a little higher age, shoeing little variation according to the difference in ages. The differences among villages are very complicated. (7) The years in which the migrations took place range widely and the number reached the highest peak in 1948, which shows the fact that the frequency and number of migrations increase as it comes up to the present time, while the peak in the number of divorces was recorded in the year of 1949 according to their registrations. The differences in number between sex are almost neglegiable, but those among villages are great. To mention monthly frequencies and numbers, we can see many migrations in 1, 2, 4, 5, 10 and 12, and few in 3, 6, 7, 8 and 11. It is clear that the migrations have a close connection with seasons. But if we consider the migration only in regard to divorce, we can notice little differences among months, and I have also found that the migration has little differences in number in terms of sex as well as villages.
  • 中山 正民
    1952 年 25 巻 10 号 p. 401-408
    発行日: 1952/10/01
    公開日: 2008/12/24
    ジャーナル フリー
    The writer investigated the distribution of the size of fluvial gravels along six streams in Kwanto, and Hokuriku Districts. In this paper, each gravel size represents the arithmetic mean value of 30 pieces of gravels that are large in size.
    The conclusions of this paper are as follows:
    1). According to Sternberg's law, the size of fluvial gravels decreases with the distance of transport and in some streams it decreases exponentially as a function of distance. In a few streams, however, actually it does not follow this exponential law and the size decreases abruptly.
    2). The distribution of the size of fluvial gravels is related to the gradient of the river floor. Therefore, selective transportation is the main factor and abrasion is secondary.
    3). The correlation between the ratio of decrease in size and the meane volulae of discharge has been shown in figure 4, but this correlation is not so clearly seen. A stream gradient, therefore, must be the most important factor among those concerned with selective transportation.
    4). The more increase is seen in the gradient of a river floor, the larger is the ratio of decreasing size co-efficient to decreasing height co-efficient. But this relation does not exist in such a river as having a very abrupt: gradient.
  • 1952 年 25 巻 10 号 p. 409-427_1
    発行日: 1952/10/01
    公開日: 2008/12/24
    ジャーナル フリー
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