This paper will ask how Japan should go about establishing a favorable national security environment, and Will consider this through an analysis of Japan’s role in the process. First of all, it will focus on the East China Sea’s Senkaku Islands, while examining China’s maritime expansion and shifting American strategies. From there it will analyze the transformation of the security environment. Next, Japan’s response to the changing security environment in East Asia will be considered, along with the government’s approval of recourse to the right of collective defense. And Finally, attention will be paid to the influence Japan has had on setting up the Security Consultative Committee (known as 2-puls-2) with other major world powers, paving the way to establishing a new security environment.

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Japanese manufacturers changed their international strategy of increasing export of domestic products for one of expanding overseas production, in 1980s in most cases. Indeed their direct investments in othercountries still keep increasing, and yet on the other hand, forming strategic alliances in international operations has become a measure of great importance. This paper attempts, first of all, to review and examine a number of leading theories of business alliances. Then on the basis of this analysis, two cases of strategic alliances are considered: the alliances into which two Japanese companies have entered with overseas companies – Sumitomo Rubber Industries with Goodyear of USA, and Daikin Industries with Gree Appliances of China – in order to make clear the main features of and the distinctions between the alliances. And in view of the fact that these overseas partners are based in two separate home countries on largely different levels of development, special attention will be paid to what effects the differences of their respective home economies will have. In the process of analysis, several theories of strategic alliances are used, and are shown to be effective and valid methods of inquiry.

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With the start of the “Fifteen-Year War” against China by the outbreak of the Manchurian Incident on September 18, 1931, the press reports of the period came to be focussed on military operations in mainland China. The nation-wide hurly-burly in wartime, brought about by dramatic changes of the social situation, prepared a way to the establishment of war footing. In this atmosphere “Sensou Bidan” or “amazing stories of self-sacrificing warriors” were fabricated to “applaud their valiance.” Was it the State Power that forced the press to invent such tales? Or was it the press which prepared the path to this propagation? In order to see that the state power and the press went hand in hand in each stage of the war, I will take up “Nikudan Sanyushi” ( “In Praise of the Three Suicide-Bombing Heroes”) which marked the summit of the campaign.

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Abstract: This study aims at disclosing different stages of the psychological process which lung cancer patients pass through after they are notified of their cancer, in order to see if these stages are connected with the stages of the disease. From patients' own words and behaviors, recorded by themselves in their treatment reports, those which may reveal their psychological stages after notification are extracted and dissected in terms of the division of 'psychological states' defined as Phase I, II and III on the Massie & Holland model. As a result, three points come to light. Firstly, the disease stages, presence or absence of treatments or metastasis, affect psychological states. In the second place, “shock” and “denial” in Phase I and “distress”, “anxiety” and “fear” in Phase II last longer in patients on Stage IV than in those on Stage II. And lastly, immedately after the notification “efforts for adaptation” of Phase III appear more remarkably in patients on Stage II than in those on Stage IV.

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A Physical Assessment Classes is designed on the basis of a theory of performance assessment. It is intended as a means of finding out ways of making more accurate measurements of how far the students have gone to acquire nursing skills. This study examines those main effects which a special program of the course had on the students concerned when it was conducted in April - July, 2014. When performance activities are really so interesting and attractive to students, and when the assessment standards and processes are disclosed, they can have a clear idea of what they need to know on their way to professional practices of nursing care. By critically examining themselves and evaluating one another, they can learn to apply their knowledge and skills in the most proper way that their situation allows. They can learn ways of improving themselves.

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In this paper I focused on Johann Sebastian Bach’s Sunday services, Church Cantatas, and Catholicism in Leipzig in the 18^th Century. First of all, I tried to examine the handwritten worship notes by Johann Christoph Rost, sexton at St. Thomas in Leipzig. Secondly, I treated of Bach’s Church Cantatas which were composed in the Leipzig era from 1723 to 1748 and I also investigated basic characteristics of Bach’s Church Cantatas in the 1720s BWV1, 1730s BWV51, and 1740s BWV69. Thirdly, I briefly touched on Catholicism as the subject of universal. And the reason I used Günther Stiller’s “Johann Sebastian Bach and Liturgical Life in Leipzig” (1982) is because this book includes concrete and credible expositions.

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This paper focuses not only on the definition of “Christian literature for children”, but also on the religious aspects of two books, namely, The Happy Prince and Other Tales (1888) and The House of Pomegranates(1891) by Oscar Wilde. Although these two books are well-known as children's literature, there are few studies about them. In these books for children, Wilde praised God in various ways. In this sense, these two books are definitely different from Wilde’s The Picture of Dorian Grey (1890) and others. So, Irespectively investigated several definitions of “Christian literature” and “Literature for children”, and I haveclarified the idea of “Christian literature for children” as well as the religious aspects of his short fictions.

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The Chronicles of Narnia (1950-1956) which was written by C.S. Lewis (1897-1963), have been very popular among children all over the world for more than 60 years. One of the major features of the series is the presence of Non-Human Characters. Their behavior, especially their speech, reflects Lewis’s sense of values he intended to convey to the children. In this article, gender roles of the Non-Human Characters in The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe, the second book of The Chronicle, are mainly analyzed through their behavior in order to clarify Lewis’ views of gender.

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In this essay the author is concerned with the development of Kant's philosophy in which the Critiques lead to the notions of God and religion, in particular reference to his analysis of the 'teleological judgment' in Critique of Judgment. Kant's discussion in this part of the work concerning what makes a human being really moral directs us toward a new phase of thinking beyond the general scheme of Critique of Practical Reason. On this new horizon of thought, a moral human being, in pursuing ultimate good, is supposed to be moving toward the goal of superlative good of humans. And this is exactly where God comes down to relate Himself with humans. It is this idea of the relation between God and humans which provides a key to Kant's perspective on religion (re-ligio).The relation between Divine Being and human beings is considered in terms of its logical structure against the background of the progress from the Critiques to Religion within the Boundaries of Mere Reason.

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[in Japanese]

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