Haigan
Online ISSN : 1348-9992
Print ISSN : 0386-9628
ISSN-L : 0386-9628
Volume 22, Issue 4
Displaying 1-15 of 15 articles from this issue
  • Yasuo Komuro, [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanes ...
    1982 Volume 22 Issue 4 Pages 389-396
    Published: September 30, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    To estimate the histological changes of the pleura by sclerosing agents, such as OK-432, SPG, BCG ADR+OK-432, ADR+SPG and ADR+BCG were administered into the right pleural space of New Zealand white rabbits. The animals were sacrificed from 1 week to 3 weeks after administration and parts of visceral and parietal pleura were used for hematoxylin and eosin staining after the amount of pleural fluid were measured. Pleural effusion was not induced by OK-432, SPG and BCG. Combinations of ADR plus OK-432, ADR plus SPG and ADR plus BCG induced pleural effusion. Marked fibrin education and adhesion of the pleura were found only in the group in which OK-432 was combined. The histological changes caused by combination of ADR+OK-432, ADR+SPG, ADR+BCG were similar to those caused by ADR alone. Mesothelial cells were almost completely destroyed immediately after injection of ADR+immunostimulants, followed by gradual proliferation of fibroblasts in layers with time, which led to the thickening of pleura but accompanied marked infiltration of lymphocytes into the connective tissue layers, in ADR+OK-432 group. The combination of ADR+OK-432 is expected to have a clinically satisfactory effect from its stimulating effect on the pleura and histopathological findings.
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  • Y. Nakamoto
    1982 Volume 22 Issue 4 Pages 397-402
    Published: September 30, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Urinary polyamine levels (spermidine: spd, and spermine: sp) in 32 cases with lung cancer patients and 100 normal controls were analyzed by gas chromatography using a flame ionization detecter. The results obtained were as follows.
    1) The spd and sp concentrations in normal controls were 6.64μg and 16.86μg/5ml, respectively. The corresponding mean values in lung cancer patients were 25.58μg and 56.27μg/5ml.
    2) In terms of histologic type of lung cancer, squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma showed slight elevation of polyamine levels, but the difference was not significant.
    3) The relationship between CEA and polyamine levels was inversely proportional.
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  • Takayuki Shirakusa, Yasuo Araki
    1982 Volume 22 Issue 4 Pages 403-409
    Published: September 30, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Endobronchial double lumen tubes are extremely convenient in administering anesthesia in thoracic surgery. Qs/Qt, AaDO2, PaO2 and PACO2 during ipsilateral lung ventilation by endobronchial double-lumen tubes were investigated in nine cases. The results revealed that for the prevention against elevation of Qs/Qt and hypoxemia, it is necessary to maintain FiO2 at 1.0 during ventilation. The indications of the doublelumen tube in anesthesia for thoracic surgery include the following:
    1) Severe emphysema
    2) Wet lung cases (pyothorax, tuberculosis, lung abscess, bronchiectasis and etc)
    3) Tension pneumothorax
    4) Bronchoplastic surgery
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  • (I) Differentiation between Benign and Malignant Diseases by Analysis of DNA Distribution
    Yukihito Saitoh, Akira Fujio, Kenji Kasahara
    1982 Volume 22 Issue 4 Pages 411-417
    Published: September 30, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    (a) Flow cytometric analysis for DNA distribution in resected tissues, including lymph nodes, of 27 cases with thoracic diseases which consisted of 9 benign diseases and 18 malignant diseases was performed. These results were compared with the pathological findings.
    (b) In a case with pathologically benign diseases, a diploid pattern was seen in more than 80% of the cells. Less than70% of the cells in cases with a pathological diagnosis of malignant disease were diploid, except in one case.
    (c) In a case with primary lung cancer, a diploid in primary lesion of cancer was average 51.8% and however, a diploid in metastatic lymphnode was average 30.3%. Judging from these results, the growth rate in metastatic lesions was higher than that in primary lesions.
    (d) The time required for flow cytometry was about 30 minutes but in cases of single cell suspension without tripsinization, the time was about 15 minutes. Flow cytometry is applicable to diagnosis during surgery combined with intraoperative pathological diagnosis.
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  • Hidemi Ohwada, Goro Kimizuka, Yutaka Hayashi
    1982 Volume 22 Issue 4 Pages 419-427
    Published: September 30, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    This experiment was intended to evaluate the relationship between pre-existing localized fibrosis and epithelial hyperplasia of the lung.
    Male rats (S.D. strain) received an intravenous injection of tetrachlorodifluoroethane. This resulted in localized fibrosis in the lung. Three months after the injection these animals were given intratracheal injections of 3 mg. of benzo (a) pyrene or 3Hbenzo (a) pyrene once a week, for a total of 15 times.
    The lungs of these animals were examined histopathologically, autoradiographically, and electron microscopically.
    Proliferation of cuboid epithelial cells was found around the fibrotic lesions of the lung. Proliferated epithelial cells were identical with nonciliated bronchiolar epithelium (Clara cell) or occasionally Type II alveolar cells electron microscopically.
    3H-benzo (a) pyrene deposited in the localized fibrotic lesion 17 months after completion of the 15 weekly injections of 3H-benzo (a) pyrene, though deposition of 3Hbenzo (a) pyrene was found diffusely in the lung 2 days after the administration of 3Hbenzo (a) pyrene.
    These findings indicate that clearance ability is reduced in the localized fibrotic lesions in the lung. We consider that localized pulmonary fibrosis is a contributing factor in epithelial hyperplasia of the lung.
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  • Kazuya Nakahara, Shinichiro Miyoshi, Tetsuo Kido, Yoichiro Kitagawa, Y ...
    1982 Volume 22 Issue 4 Pages 429-434
    Published: September 30, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The prediction of the postoperative lung function in patients with lung cancer was performed using a formula, (1-A (c)/B (c)) x F, where F is preoperative VC or FEV1.0, A and B are the number of functioning subsegments in the resected lung and whole lung respectively and c is the correction factor derived from Xe-133 radiospirometry.
    In order to evaluate the accuracy of this method, a retrospective study was done in 23 patients who had undergone lung resection for primary lung cancer, such as left pneumonectomy (4 cases), upper lobectomy (10 cases), lower lobectomy (4 cases), middle and lower lobectomies (4 cases), and middle lobectomy (one case). The results were as follows:
    The postoperative VC=0.82 x (predicted postoperative VC) +0.28, (r=0.826, p<0.001). The postoperative FEV1, 0=0.80 x (predicted postoperative FEV1.0) +0.25, (r=0.841, p<0.001).
    We concluded that postoperative VC and FEV1.0 are able to be predicted accurately with our method.
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  • Shunkichi Hiraki, Masahiro Miyai, Takeyuki Numata, Shin Kawahara, Taku ...
    1982 Volume 22 Issue 4 Pages 435-439
    Published: September 30, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The extent of tumor dissemination at the time of diagnosis is an important factor affecting the survival of lung cancer patients. In vitro sensitivity to drugs is helpful for successful chemotherapy of advanced lung cancer patients. A major objective of this study was to clarify the significance of direct cloning assay for the detection of metastatic sites, as well as for the selection of effective drugs for individual patients. Tumor cell colony growth was evaluated in an enriched double layer agar system as described by Salmon et al. Colonies were successfully grown from 5 of 7 cytology positive effusions, and 4 of 5 histology/cytology positive bone marrow aspirates. Two of 17 histology/cytology-negative bone marrow aspirates yielded colonies, whereas 5 cytology-negative effusions yielded no colonies. Colony growth was observed in 3 of 5 tumor specimens obtained surgically. For in vitro sensitivity, tumor cells were exposed to drugs 1 hour prior to plating. Although colonies were successfully grown from specimens of 5 patients, none was sensitive to drugs tested. We were not able to observe clinical response to in vitro non-sensitive drugs.
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  • Nobuyuki Hara, Mitsuo Ohta, Tsugio Furukawa, Takero Yoshida, Kiyoshi I ...
    1982 Volume 22 Issue 4 Pages 441-448
    Published: September 30, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    We studied the relationship between postoperative dyspnea and age, type of surgical procedures, pre and postoperative pulmonary functions and postoperative sputum production in cases undergoing thoracotomy.
    Dyspnea occurred in 65% of 127 cases after operation. The incidence and the degree of dyspnea were related to the type of surgical procedures and postoperative pulmonary function and sputum production. However, age and preoperative pulmonary function tests were not significantly associated with postoperative dyspnea. In lobectomy cases, 42% of 104 cases showed no dyspnea after operation, but 49% had mild dyspnea, 8% moderate and only 1% severe. On the other hand, 48% of 23 pneumonectomy cases complained of mild dyspnea, 35% moderate and 17% severe. Postoperative pulmonary function studies were helpful in identifying the degree of dyspnea after operation. Patients who stated dyspnea worsened after operation showed significantly greater drop in VC and FEVL0 as compared those who dyspnea showed no or mild change. The incidence of moderate and severe dyspnea was also increased in cases with large sputum volume compared to those with no or slight volume of sputum after operation. In addition, exercise tolerance tests were performed in 6 controls and 7 pneumonectomy cases. In control cases, all except 1 case completed stage VI exercise. By contrary, 3 of 7 cases completed of stage V exercise, 1 stage IV, 2 stage II and 1 stage I after pneumonectomy. Ventilation, oxygen consumption and heart rate increased markedly in pneumonectomy cases at lower level of exercise than that in control cases. The exercise tolerance test may be useful in assessment of cardiorespiratory reserve in cases before and after thoracotomy.
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  • Iwao Tsukiyama, Masae Kakehi, Shigeo Yanagawa, Masayuki Kagemoto, Masa ...
    1982 Volume 22 Issue 4 Pages 449-457
    Published: September 30, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In order to improve the clinical results of postoperative radiation therapy for lung cancer, the clinical results of 145 stage I-III lung cancer cases receiving external high energy radiation treatment of more than 3000 rad to remaining lesions post-operatively at the National Cancer Center in Tokyo during the last 15 years were investigated. The 5 year survival rate of the cases were 15.6% while in 21.1% and 48.7% the main cause of death was local failure and distant metastases, respectively. Most cases developing postradiation complications were over 50 years old and had more than 5 000 rad irradiation.
    According to these results, develpment of more effective, more selective and more reasonable irradiation techniques and more precise local diagnostic procedure are necessary in postoperative radiotherapy to obtain a better local control rate.
    In this paper, recently developed treatment postoperative radiotherapy techniques were also introduced, i.e. irradiation combined with chemotherapy, intraoperative applications of afterloading small source irradiation technique with 192Ir seeds to irradiate small remaining lesions in the chest cavity and a semi-conductor radiation detector for detection of remaining lesions in the bronchial stump after resection of the lung using 32P.
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  • Mitsuo Ohta, Nobuyuki Hara, Tasuku Nakada, Yutaka Yamaguchi, Yoshihiro ...
    1982 Volume 22 Issue 4 Pages 459-466
    Published: September 30, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    We analyzed 204 resected cases of small cell carcinoma of the lung treated at 7 major Japanese institutions.
    The male to female ratio was 5: 1. The patients were histologically classified into 3 subtypes: oat cell type in 53 patients (26%), intermediate cell type in 113 patients (55.4%) and others (combined small cell ca.) in 29 patients (14.2%). Of 204 patients, 62.7% were peripheral type and 37.3% central type. The survival rate in patients with surgical resection was 50.7% at 1 year, 31.1% at 2 years, 23.6% at 3 years, and 15.1% at 5 years by the life table method. The operative mortality was 4.4%. The survival according to subtype was the poorest in patients with oat cell type compared to those with intermediate cell type and other types (10% as opposed to 16% and 30% at 5 years).
    Oat cell type cases were usually much more advanced than cases of other subtypes. And it seems that the survival curve in oat cell type is worse than in the other types.
    The survival rate according to postoperative adjuvant therapy was the best in patients with resection plus chemotherapy. According to the chronological period the survival curve was significantly better in patients treated after 1975 than those before1974.
    It is concluded that resection is indicated in stage I or II patients. We recommended resection for small cell carcinoma only if all of the lesion can be excised cleanly, and such cases should be treated with intensive chemotherapy after operation. (This work was supported in part by a Grant-in-Aid for Cancer Research (55-2) from the Ministry of Health and Welfare.)
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  • Hiroshi Kawada, Tohshie Takamine, Terumichi Fujikawa, Kimio Konno, Tak ...
    1982 Volume 22 Issue 4 Pages 467-474
    Published: September 30, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A 64 year-old man was admitted with a small abnormal mass shadow located in the left peripheral lung field. Transbronchial lung biopsy was done and the pathological diagnosis was bronchioloalveolar cell carcinoma, “goblet type”.
    Left upper lobectomy was performed. Sarcoid-like lesions were found in regional lymphnodes. Histologically, the tumor cells appeared to extend along alveolar walls. The cells were high columnar to cuboidar shaped. Marked mucin secretion was found in the alveoli.
    Electron microscopic findings: There were numerous apical mucus granules in the tumor cell cytoplasms. The cell-to-cell attatchments were formed by tight junctions, desmosomes and interdigitations.
    Scanning electron microscopic findings: Tumor cells proliferated along the alveolar walls and passed through Kohn's pore.
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  • Morihisa Kitano, Khaled Reshad, Akira Fujio, Akio Mitsuoka, Yoko Nishi ...
    1982 Volume 22 Issue 4 Pages 475-480
    Published: September 30, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A 48 year-old male, who had malignant hemangiopericytoma on the left foot with metastasis to the left lung and forehead, underwent agressive surgical treatment. Both tumors resected from the left foot and the left lung were transplanted successfully into nude mice rate of proliferation of both tumors in nude mice was almost the same. The transplanted tumors were used for sensitivity tests of anti-cancer drugs. The results of the sensitivity tests showed that the same drugs, ie, CPM and CQ, were effective against both tumors.
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  • Yasuo Seki, [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese] ...
    1982 Volume 22 Issue 4 Pages 481-486
    Published: September 30, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A 45-year-old male patient with giant cell carcinoma of the lung arising from a bulla is presented. The patient complained of cough and bloody sputum. Chest X-ray examination revealed an upper mediastinal shadow extending to the right thorax. Sputum cytology suggested adenocarcinoma but bronchofiberscopy failed to localize the tumor. Gallium-67 scan showed marked uptake in the tumor shadow. Right thoracotomy revealed that the tumorous shadow seen on chest X-ray was a nodal metastatic swelling. The primary tumor was hidden behind the shadow. Right upper lobectomy and dissection of hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes were performed. The results of histological examination strongly suggested that the tumor arose from the inner surface of an apical bulla of the lung and it was diagnosed as giant cell carcinoma.
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  • 1982 Volume 22 Issue 4 Pages 487-491
    Published: September 30, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • 1982 Volume 22 Issue 4 Pages 493-497
    Published: September 30, 1982
    Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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