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Volume 25, Issue 1
Displaying 1-14 of 14 articles from this issue
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Tsuneko Sato1985 Volume 25 Issue 1 Pages 1-11
Published: February 28, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMorphological analysis of the so-called “female type” of lung cancer has been madecompared with the “male type”, concerning the relationship of the cancer histology, age, sex, and site of primary growth with special reference to the smoking habits of the patients. At present, in Japan, the majority of female lung cancer belongs to the so-called “female type”. Those cases did not have remarkable smoking habits. The dominant histology of this type was adenocarcinoma, originating in the peripheral portion of the lung. Even in male cases of adenocarcinoma, characteristics similar to those of female cases were noticed concerning the site of origin, age, and also ageadjusted relative risk associated with smoking habits.
About 130 female cases of lung cancer in Hawaii and 28 cases in Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital were also examined. A majority of female smokers showed squamous cell carcinoma or small cell carcinoma which was similar to our “male type” cases.
Adenocarcinoma was subclassified into two cell types as follows: 1. columnar cell type, 2. peg-shaped cell type: The peg-shaped cell type of adenocarcinoma appeared with significant frequency in the peripheral portion of the airway.
The growth pattern of adenocarcinoma foci into surrounding lung tissues showed lining growth along the alveolar walls. The author doubts the existence of “bronchioloalveolar cell carcinoma” as a distinct morphological entity in adenocarcinoma.View full abstractDownload PDF (5618K) -
Shosaku Abe, Kohichi Itahashi, Shiro Makimura, Tatsuo Nagai, Yasuhiro ...1985 Volume 25 Issue 1 Pages 13-18
Published: February 28, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSVarious degrees of atypical cells have been observed in the bronchial epithelium of chromate workers as a consequence of cigarette smoking and chromate dust exposure. The reversibility of bronchial atypia was studied by long-term periodical sputum cytology. Of the 22 former chromate workers studied, 5 were non-smokers, 7 were exsmokers and 10 were current heavy smokers.
In a group of non-smokers, moderate or marked atypical cells were not observed in sputum specimens after 5 years of cessation of chromate dust exposure. Likewise, atypical cells were not detected in sputum of exsmokers after non-smoking intervals of more than 3 years.
Our results showed that the majority of cigarette smoking-induced bronchial atypia is reversible and that normal bronchial epithelium can be expected after non-smoking intervals of more than 3 years.View full abstractDownload PDF (3217K) -
T. Oiwa, H. Ohara, M. Shiba, M. Baba, T. Yarita, T. Okamoto1985 Volume 25 Issue 1 Pages 19-28
Published: February 28, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe segmental and subsegmental pieces of human bronchus implanted into the subcutaneous pockets of BALB/c background congenitally athymic nude mice were exposed to 7, 12-dimethylbenzo (α) anthoracene (DMBA). The human bronchi were obtained from surgically resected human lungs of patients, cut into about 20 mm long pieces, and implanted into athymic nude mice. About 4-8 weeks after the implantation, 15 mm long pellets of beeswax containing 3200 μg of DMBA were inserted into the bronchial lumen of the grafts. The histological examination of 4-8 weeks old bronchial grafts showed them to be usually covered by mucociliated epithelium. A total of 13 grafts were exposed to the carcinogen and 4 other grafts were used as unexposed controls. During the longest observation time of 32 weeks, 3 of the experimental animals showed induction of squamous cell carcinoma with various degrees of squamous metaplasia. The development of these carcinoma was recognized in 8, 24, and 32 weeks after insertion of the DMBA pellets. The other 2 grafts showed only squamous cell metaplasia. In addition to these cases, a total of 8 grafts showed the development of sarcoma, including one angiosarcoma and seven spindle cell sarcomas. Chromosome and histological examinations confirmed that most of sarcomas were originated from the host animal tissues. One graft. showed no response to exposure to the carcinogen. The validity of the present results was discussed for the experimental induction of lung cancer.View full abstractDownload PDF (12490K) -
Shugaku Oh, Toshiki Matsubara, Ken Nakagawa, Iwao Kinoshita, Eiju Tsuc ...1985 Volume 25 Issue 1 Pages 29-37
Published: February 28, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOf the 12 cases of roentgenologically occult lung cancer studied clinically, twowere double roentgenologically-occult cancer cases. All cases were rather elderly males and all were heavy smokers. The main detection factors included screening examinations for chromate workers (5 cases), complaints of bloody-sputum (4 cases) and cough (1 case) and further examinations of patients with other roentgenologically apparent lung cancers (2 cases). All cases were detected by means of bronchofiberscopic biopsy. Out of 14 lesions 4 were located in the lobar bronciii, 9 were in the segmental bronchi and 1 was in a subsubsegmental bronchus. Most lesions were located at bronchial orifices or bifurcations. The histologic type was squamous cell carcinoma in 9 cases, small cell carcinoma in 2 and adenocarcinoma in 1 case. The two small cell carcinoma cases were chromate workers. As for the question of multiple cancer, we had 5 cases of bilateral double lung cancer of which 2 were double X-ray-negative cancer cases. One case was synchronous and the other was asynchronous. Because of such multiplicity, care must be exercised in the diagnosis and the follow-up of X-ray-negative cases not to overlook the second cancer. Regarding treatment and prognosis, 8 cases were resected and 3 cases were only irradiated. In 2 resected cases, carcinoma recurred at the bronchial stump. On the other hand, the bilateral occult squamous cell cancers disappeared after irradiation therapy. Therefore in the treatment of X-ray-negative lung cancer, it is important to consider the histological type, multiplicity and the possible extension of carcinoma intothe proximal bronchi.View full abstractDownload PDF (6134K) -
Mikio Yamanaka, Norio Mihashi, Makoto Kimura, Nobuaki Nakajima, Kazush ...1985 Volume 25 Issue 1 Pages 39-44
Published: February 28, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSerous immunosuppressive acidic protein (IAP) was measured to assess its significance in 96 cases with primary lung cancer treated with radiotherapy at our department.
IAP positivity was 73.9% in all cases, however the distribution of IAP levels showed various degrees corresponding to the histologic type, and the positive rate of adenocarcinoma, which was lower than of any other histological type, was 46.1%.
There was no obvious correlation between clinical stage and IAP level, although elevation of the IAP level could be seen in the group of advanced cases with squamous and large cell carcinoma.
The combination of IAP level and PPD reaction might prove to be helpful in indicating prognosis. The fluctuation of the IAP level reflected the clinical course and an IAP level of 1000 g/ml seemed to have prognostic implications.View full abstractDownload PDF (684K) -
Norio Kikuchi, Shin-Yung Shen, Noriko Muraki, Ruey-Mei Chen, Keiichi N ...1985 Volume 25 Issue 1 Pages 45-54
Published: February 28, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA clinical and bacteriological study on pulmonary infection was performed in 130 cases with advanced lung cancer. The results obtained were as follows: 1) Secondarypulmonary infection was found in 61 out of 130 cases (46.9%). The main types of pulmonary infection were obstructive pneumonia and opportunistic pulmonary infection, and squamous cell carcinomas were apt to be complicated by these types of pulmonary infection. 2) Obstructive pneumonia is difficult to cure unless thebronchial obstruction is improved. 3) Major inducing factors were bronchoscopy and irradiation in obstructive pneumonias, and corticosteroid administration and leukopenia in opportunistic pulmonary infections. 4) H. influenzae was most frequently isolated from sputa in cases of obstructive pneumonias, and gram negative bacilli, P. aeruginosa and Klebsiella were often isolated from sputa in cases of opportunistic pulmonary infections and obstructive pneumonia in the terminal stage of the disease. 5) Out of the total of 86 fatal cases, 22 (25.6%) died due to pulmonary infection. In squamous cell carcinoma 46% died of pulmonary infection. The survival time of cases that died due to pulmonary infection was 2.5 months shorter than that of fatalities due to other causes.View full abstractDownload PDF (1187K) -
Takeo Mizuno, Hideki Ichimura, Kazuo Shibata, Hironori Tanaka, Yousuke ...1985 Volume 25 Issue 1 Pages 55-62
Published: February 28, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe predicted survival time of 56 patients with lung cancer was calculated using Geddes' nomogram for tumor size on first observation (Do) and tumor doubling time (DT) calculated according to Schwarz's formula. The patients were grouped by histologic types into squamous cell carcinoma (22 cases), adenocarcinoma (23), small cell carcinoma (6) and large cell carcinoma (5). They were further divided by the mode of treatment: resection (28 cases), radiation (14), chemotherapy (12) and no treatment (2).
The predicted survival time (PST) correlated favorably with the actual survival time (AST). The correlation between PST (x) and AST (y) by least squares regression was y=2.33+0.82x (r=0.80, p<0.01). PST may be useful for the evaluation of lung cancer therapy, regardless of histologic type. Furthermore all cases in which the AST greatly exceeded PST were patients with resection, except for one small cell carcinoma case treated by radiotherapy.View full abstractDownload PDF (699K) -
Chikashi Nakayama, Hirofumi Harasawa, Hajime Nakata, Masaru Murakami, ...1985 Volume 25 Issue 1 Pages 63-70
Published: February 28, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOne hundred and three patients with histologically proved carcinoma of the lung were evaluated retrospectively to determine the usefulness of liver, bone and 67Ga scintigraphy obtained before the start of treatment. Positive rate of liver scintigraphy was low, with detection of only 2 cases of metastases in the advanced stage group. Fifteen cases of bone metastases (21%) were confirmed out of 70 positive cases including those in the early stage group. The accuracy of 67Ga scintigraphy for the diagnosis of hilar and mediastinal involvement in operated cases was low with a sensitivity of 40%, and 54% respectively. In view of these results the routine use of liver and 67Ga scintigraphy in patients with lung cancer is questionable.View full abstractDownload PDF (901K) -
Ritsuo Matsui, Shoji Nishiyama, Isamu Narabayashi, Kazuro Sugimura, Sh ...1985 Volume 25 Issue 1 Pages 71-76
Published: February 28, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA hundred and fifty cases of primary lung cancer were examined by bone scintigraphy. Forty-seven patients (31.3%) were considered to have metastasis to the bone. Twenty-three patients (15.3%) had abnormal uptake but were not considered to have metastasis. According to the histologic type the metastasis rate for adenocarcinoma was 45.9%(17/37), small cell carcinoma 25.8%(8/31), squamous cell carcinoma 19.3%(12/62) and large cell 30%(3/10).
In clinical stage I metastasis was observed in 20%, 25% in stage II, 26.4% in stage III and 41.7% in stage IV. Analyzing metastasis according to region, the rib was involved in 63.8%, lumbar vertebrae in 36.1%, thoracic vertebrae in 34.0%, upper limbs in 8.5% and lower limbs in 6.4%.
Multiple bone metastasis was frequent in cases of adenocarcinoma and solitary bone metastasis was frequent in cases of squamous cell carcinoma and small cell carcinoma.View full abstractDownload PDF (630K) -
Mitsuo Ohta, Nobuyuki Hara, Tasuku Nakada, Yutaka Yamaguchi, Yoshihiro ...1985 Volume 25 Issue 1 Pages 77-83
Published: February 28, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe analyzed 547 resected cases of primary lung cancer treated at 8 major Japanese institutions from 1975 to 1976 inclusive.
The male to female ratio was 3: 1. Each patient was assigned a postsurgical pathologic stage classification on examination of the resected specimen. There were 219 cases classified as stage I, 52 as stage II, 240 as stage III, and 36 as stage IV. The cell types were as follows: squamous cell carcinoma 225 (41.1%); adenocarcinoma 231 (42.2%), small cell carcinoma 34 (6.2%); large cell carcinoma 33 (6%); adenosquamous cell carcinoma 10 (1.8%); and others 14.
The cumulative proportion of patients surviving 5 years following resection shows statistically different survival patterns according to the postsurgical stage of disease. Sixty one % of patients with stage I disease, 27% of those with stage II disease, and 10.5% of those with stage III disease survived 5 years respectively.
The best overall survival was achieved in cases of squamous cell carcinoma, a cumulative 41.7% surviving 5 years. The outcome of cases of adenocarcinoma was statistically worse than for patients with squamous cell carcinoma, 24% surviving 5 years. However the outcome for adenocarcinoma patients was statistically better than for undifferentiated carcinoma groups.
The effect of lymph node involvement on the prognosis of resected cases was very poor. The 49.8% 5-year survival of resected cases with no lymph node involvement decreases to 27.1% if hilar nodes are involved and drops further to 5.3% if mediastinal lymph nodes are involved.
Observing the relationship of type of surgery to survival, patients with curative resections had significantly better 5-year survival (57.1%), patients with relatively curative resections had a 26.8% 5-year survival rate, and in patients who had undergone non-curative resections the 5-year survival rate significantly dropped to 10.7%.View full abstractDownload PDF (826K) -
Ken Kodama, Osamu Doi, Nobuyuki Akita, Toshio Terasawa, Shinichiro Nak ...1985 Volume 25 Issue 1 Pages 85-92
Published: February 28, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA 55 year-old male patient with double primary carcinoma of the lung was admitted.Cytological examinations revealed synchronous double lung cancers, small cell carcinoma in the right upper lobe and adenocarcinoma in right S9.
Soon after right pneumonectomy, heliotrope-like erythema, proximal muscle pain and weakness appeared, and elevation of skeletal muscle enzyme levels was recognized.
Under a diagnosis of dermatomyositis, steroid therapy was started and the muscular symptoms were improved. However, the erythema was unchanged.
Six weeks after initiation of steroid therapy, he had a remittent pyrexia with sudden dyspnea. His chest X-ray showed a reticulo-nodular shadow. He deteriorated fulminantly and died 4 days after the onset of respiratory symptoms. Postmortem histological examination of the lung revealed fibrosing alveolitis.
Combination of three such diseases is thought to be rare compared to the combination Of the two diseases lung cancer and dermatomyositis. The intercorrelation among lung cancer, dermatomyositis and fibrosing alveolitis was discussed with a review of the literature.View full abstractDownload PDF (10230K) -
Keiichi Mikasa, Hitoshi Katada, Shinsaku Ito, Naohiro Yoneda, Masayosh ...1985 Volume 25 Issue 1 Pages 93-98
Published: February 28, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe patient was a 79-year-old man. During treatment for lung cancer (squamous cell cancer), an electrocardiogram showed ST-elevation in II, III and aVF, CPK was increased and myocardial scintigraphy revealed a cold area in the inferior wall. Clinical findings resembling inferior myocardial infarction were observed. In spite of treatment, the patient died. Autopsy showed a transmyocardial metastatic lesion centering around the inferior wall of the heart muscle, with no myocardial infarction lesion. This rare case of transmyocardial metastasis, showing myocardial infarction-like clinical features is presented and discussed with some references.View full abstractDownload PDF (6967K) -
Yasue Morikawa, Miyoji Aiba, Toshinao Kanemitsu, Makoto Washizaki, Kei ...1985 Volume 25 Issue 1 Pages 99-103
Published: February 28, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA 65-year-old man first noted numbness and weakness of his leg, and then developedparaplegia of the lower extremities and urinary retention. Chest roentgenogram showed a tumor-like shadow in the left middle lung field. Undifferentiated carcinoma cells were detected in the specimen obtained by skin biopsy. The patient's general condition rapidly deteriorated and he died without anticancer treatment.
At autopsy, the primary lesion, small cell carcinoma (intermediate cell type) was located in the left upper lobe (S4), and there was intramedullary metastasis and also widespread metastases.
Metastatic intramedullary spinal cord tumor is very rare, and when present, lung cancer is reported to be the most frequent primary tumor. In cases of lung cancer accompanied by neurological symptoms the possibility of intramedullary metastasis should be considered.View full abstractDownload PDF (6244K) -
1985 Volume 25 Issue 1 Pages 105-117
Published: February 28, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (1911K)
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