Spin fluctuations of iron-based superconductors are studied using unpolarized and polarized inelastic neutron scattering technique. Remarkable enhancement of magnetic signal at a specific energy is observed in superconducting phase, which is so called spin resonance. The spin resonance exhibits c-axis and spin-space anisotropy. The anisotropy could be attributed to three-dimensional antiferromagnetic correlations suggesting a strong relationship between the magnetism and superconductivity.

By using a quasielastic neutron scattering technique (disk-chopper-type spectrometer AMATERAS at J-PARC), we have investigated the microscopic dynamics of polybutadiene (PB) in which silica particles were embedded. The experimental results gave us both a damped vibration mode of PB and jumped diffusion motion of the segments. It was found that fast dynamics of damped vibration mode of PB remain unaffected by the presence of the silica particles, while the residence time of the jumped diffusion motion becomes longer at the high filler loading.

In order to overcome low flux of neutron sources as well as weak diffraction intensity from bio-macromolecule crystals, several devices have been developed in neutron biological crystallography. Elastically bent Si monochromator has contributed the increase of incident beam intensity, and neutron imaging plate (NIP) has provided large detecting area. In particular, the successful development of the NIP made a breakthrough in this research field. Additionally, recent advances in techniques for cryogenic temperature measurement, growth of large crystal and sample deuteration have made a contribution to efficient measurement performance. Currently, a total of six diffractometers for bio-macromolecule are available at research reactors in the world. Neutron crystallography is on the verge of becoming a prevalent method for structural study on bio-macromolecules.

The neutron reflectometer is the most powerful and nondestructive tool to analyze the surface and buried interfaces in the layered films. Such films often have a close relation to the functional devices. Structural information in the vicinity of the interfaces is a key parameter in the field of the nanoscale science.

Neutron spin echo (NSE) technique can provide us the unique opportunity to investigate molecular dynamics of condensed matters. In this review article, brief introduction of NSE is given, then the concept of intermediate scattering functions is explained, which is essential for understanding what are obtained with NSE.