C57BL/6-nu/nu, C3H/He-nu/nu and BALB/c-nu/nu mice were inoculated subcutaneously with 0.25ml of a 1: 1000 suspension prepared from HM bacilli attenuated)-induced or HB bacilli (virulent)-induced malignant leproma in a C3H mouse. And mice of C57BL/6, C3H/He and BALB/c, genetic backgrounds of the above nude mouse strains, were also inoculated, as controls.
In C57BL/6 mice, no significant differences were observed in the susceptibility between the cases infected with HM bacilli and with HB bacilli. In C3H/He mice, HM bacilliinduced leproma at the inoculation site looked like benign type at early stage of the infection and developed large malignant one at the late stage, whereas HB bacilli-induced leproma showed malignant features throughout the observation period. And there were remarkable differences in the disease course of BALB/c mice between the cases with HM bacilli and with HB bacilli, the former cases being of intermediate type and the latter cases being of malignant type. The results of conventional mice in these experiments coincide with ours in preceding reports.
In contrast, no pronounced differences were seen on development of subcutaneous and visceral lesions among these 3 strains of nude mice, regardless of the strains, HM and HB, used for the infection. It is particularly interesting that the subcutaneous and visceral lesions of C57BL/6-nu/nu mice were of typically malignant type, while conventional mice of C57BL/6 strain are well-known to be the representative of benign type. From the results of these experiments, resistance to M, lepraemurium of C57BL/6 mice is firmly believed to be due to cell mediated immunity developed in the host.

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It was important to find out the suitable animal which is a laboratory animal and susceptible to M. leprae, and Kohsaka et al. previously reported the establishment of experimental lepromatous leprosy with congenitally athymic nude mouse.
It was interested to use rhino mouse which is an immune-deficient animal with disappearance of thymus in early stage, therefore, an attempt to inoculate M. leprae into the rhino mouse was carried out.
Eight- and five-month old rhino mice (rh^rh) of genetic background A/H were inoculated with Mycobacterium leprae in order to find out another model of exprimental lepromatous leprosy with laboratory animal other than nude mouse. All of inoculated rhino mice indicated the multiplication of the bacilli in the foot pads at the site of inoculation bacteriologically and histopathologically even though the proliferation was not so remarkable as in nude mouse.
Rhino mouse could survive for more than 15 months under conventional circumstances, but there is no significant proliferation of M. leprae in the mouse as compeared to nude mouse, and it is suggested that rhino mouse is not so useful for leprosy research because of the difficulties of its rearing and breeding.

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DDSは強い抗浸出作用を持つがT細胞機能を強く抑制する。化療薬と併用可能でT細胞機能を賦活する上に抗浸出作用を示す物質があれば治療に益することがあるのではないかと考えた。そこでT細胞機能賦活の方は,原料入手可能,誘導体合成が容易かつ誘導体の安定性が望めるデキストラン(DX)を選び,抗浸出作用の方は細静脈内層のイオン構造の脱分極に機作を求め,DXに酸性,塩基性両置換基を導入することで両性DX(ADX)数種を合成,それらの若干の生物活性を調べた。
1. BHP活性化DXのBrをタウリンージエチルアミノエチルアミン(DEAEAM)またはDEAEAMのみで置換し各ADX1種(BTP-T)と塩基性DX 1種(BHP-D)を得た。
2. 分子量70000(DXT-70)または250000のDXにジエチルアミノエチルクロリド(DEAECI)に続きフォルムアミド中発煙硫酸-ピリジンを反応し2種ADX(ADX-1,2)を合成した。同様に,SO3H基含有率がADX-1,2よりはるかに高い4種ADX(ADX-3～6)をDX T-40から合成した。
3. 胸腺切除免疫抑制モルモット(免疫抑制モル)のT細胞機能回復に及ぼすこれらのADX促進効果を調べ,BHP-T(30mg/kg筋注),ADX-2(15,30mg/kg筋注か30mg/kg経口投与),ADX-3(30mg/kg筋注)で促進効果を認めた。カワラタケから純粋化したβ-1-3グルカン,ATSOはこれから一連の実験を通じ促進作用を現わした。
4. BHP-T, BHP-D 100mg/kg, ADX-2,3 30mg/kgの経口投与はCunninghamプラック形成テストで調べた際どれもプラック形成細胞を増したが,ADX-2の過剰高投与量(30mg/kg筋注,100mg/kg経口投与)は逆にプラック形成細胞を減じ,その原因はADX-2の溶血ないし線維素溶解作用にあると思えた。BHP-T 100mg/kgを経口投与するとプラック形成細胞数を著明に増すのと対比的にその100mg/kgの腹腔内投与による増加は認めなかった。
5. カラゲニン起炎足底部を目がけてのADX筋肉内投与は多少とも浮腫を抑制し,その抑制効果はADX-3-6>ADX-2であった。BHP-T 100mg/kgは経口投与でも強く浮腫を抑制したが,DX-70の経口投与は逆に浮腫を強め,塩基性DXであるBHP-Dは浮腫抑制効果は無かった。一方非両性DX(弱酸性β-1-3グルカン)であるATSOが浮腫を抑制した。
6. ADX-2, BHP-T, ATSOには,乾燥量1.5mgのMycob. butyricumで誘起のアジュバント関節炎抑制効果を認めず,逆にATSOは関節炎の若干の時期に有意に促進していた。関節炎誘起の強さは結核菌青山B株Mycob. butyricumであった。大量のMycob.butyricumで強く誘起した当関節炎では,免疫調節薬CCAの抑制効果は認めなかった。
7. ADX-3の毒性はADX-2より更に強いことを認めた。
8. これら結果に基づき,らい治療における多糖体による免疫賦活療法の役割を討議した。

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