Journal of International Association of P2M
Online ISSN : 2432-0374
Volume 14, Issue 1
Journal of International Association of P2M Vol.14, No.1, October. 2019
Displaying 1-30 of 30 articles from this issue
  • Editorial Board of International Association of P2M
    2019 Volume 14 Issue 1 Pages cover_01-cover_04
    Published: 2019
    Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2019
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Hisanori OKADA, Yuji NAGAI, Kentaro NAKANO, Yui NAKAGAWA, Masahumi KAT ...
    2019 Volume 14 Issue 1 Pages 1-15
    Published: 2019
    Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2019
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    We analyze from the viewpoint of P2M based on a total of 131 projects of 11 years of W-BRIDGE which is a regional industry-academia collaboration scheme, and propose a business formation method oriented to SDGs. SDGs, which are classified into 17goals, often fall into ”deep digging” in a single field, and there are cases where they deviate from the original purpose of solving real society problems. In this research, we show the method of promoting SDGs business formation by incorporating each method of P2M in a well-balanced manner, and verify the effectiveness of the method based on a wide range of past cases. Since SDGs attracts a great deal of interest not only in administration but also in corporate management and the general society, we keep in mind that the results of this research will be used in many fields.
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  • Yuji NAGAI, Kentaro NAKANO, Yuto IHARA, Hisanori OKADA, Noriaki SEKI, ...
    2019 Volume 14 Issue 1 Pages 16-34
    Published: 2019
    Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2019
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The City of Kitakyushu has been known as one of the most innovative local governments in environmental actions. It was designated as a model eco-city by the Japanese government in 2008, a “Future City” in 2011, an “SDGs Future City” in 2018. This is a result of collaboration among industry, government, citizen, and academia, whose activities were based on environment in citizen-driven community. This research examines how such citizen-driven community was formed, and how various activities were implemented mainly in Yahata-Higashida area in the City of Kitakyushu. While examining the cases, P2M method is used to find circumstances of the model city community management that are applicable to other cities.
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  • -The Subject of Teshima Case-
    Kentaro NAKANO, Yuji NAGAI, Hiroshi ONODA, Katsuya NAGATA
    2019 Volume 14 Issue 1 Pages 35-50
    Published: 2019
    Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2019
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The Teshima case, one of the most important illegal industrial dumping incident in Japan, and the Teshima waste disposal project that restore environment by removing and detoxifying harmful substances, achieve establishing relationships between residents and local government with the keyword “co-creation”. In this research, we set the holistic mission of the program to solve the Teshima case, verify the effectiveness of relationship management and platform management that were behind the Teshima case and the Teshima waste disposal project. In addition, we propose a method to support the co-creation platform required for the next project cycle by strengthening the value base of information system using ICT and virtual reality (VR).
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  • Case Study of Academy and Fun Society of Fukushima Studies
    Kwangho LEE, Yuji NAGAI, Shunji MATSUOKA
    2019 Volume 14 Issue 1 Pages 51-64
    Published: 2019
    Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2019
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The hard infrastructure developments are the central issue in Fukushima reconstruction in spite of over eight years that have passed since the Fukushima nuclear accident. Therefore the development of the software program which identifies and resolves problems from the view of local communities and residents for Fukushima reconstruction is still lacking. The scope of research of the Fukushima Hirono Research Center for Sustainable Region (FHRC) embraces whole communities and the organizations in the affected areas in Fukushima. Mainly, it functions as an academic research base on the creation of social innovation for Fukushima reconstruction. The FHRC is creating a project to solve the problem by clarifying Fukushima recovery issues by creating a place that dialogue-based with various actors across fields and multi-generation. This research analyzes the process of creating a place for social innovation and fostering social acceptance in Fukushima.
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  • Takefumi YAMAKITA
    2019 Volume 14 Issue 1 Pages 65-76
    Published: 2019
    Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2019
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In P2M, we will set project goals based on our mission, respond flexibly to environmental changes through 3S models, and promote projects so that goals can be achieved. Agile Development Scrum receives requests from product owners, and team members themselves think and act. During the execution of the system model, it may be judged back to the scheme model, which may affect multiple projects running concurrently. With regard to coordination among projects, which is the task of the program, Agile Development Scrum will use a team member to build top teams in an ad hoc manner and work as a team to solve them. Such Agile Development Scrum members and members of Existing Development WaterFall model are required to have different competencies. In this paper, I describe the characteristics of teams and the change of community functions as program management and their correspondence.
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  • Koji OKADA, Tsutomu HAYASHI
    2019 Volume 14 Issue 1 Pages 77-99
    Published: 2019
    Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2019
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Recently progress on artificial intelligence technologies, especially machine learning is remarkable, and ap-plication of them into program and project management is expected. We have implemented the ma-chine-learning agents which are able to learn project management action rules autonomously by controlling project behavior simulator, under the concept that ”4In system model project, project management could be modelled as a series of actions which are decided based on observed conditions and are directing control, in order to get closer to the target condition.” In this paper, we reformulate the machine learning agent on pro-ject management action rules, and address the insights obtained through implementation.
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  • - Calculation and Evaluation of the Program Value Along the Investment Vs. the Effect -
    Tametsugu TAKETOMI
    2019 Volume 14 Issue 1 Pages 100-118
    Published: 2019
    Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2019
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In recent years, the creation of social values such as “Society 5.0” launched by the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, “SDGs”, and/or Michael Porter’s Shared Value Creation, is said popularly. To create social values from P2M perspective by bundling various shareholders, planning, executing and operating a program have been becoming more and more important. However, ignoring the financial point of view, program investments to create socially useful non-financial values increase negative legacies such as wasting debt and/or accumulating useless entities in the era of today’s Japan’s population decrease and low economic growth. By understanding such an environment, Program managers are required to create values that do not become negative legacies. From this point of view, identifying clearly financial values, non-financial values, profit organization and non-profit organizations, basic procedures for defining and proposing program values are shown.
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  • Hiroshi KUBO, Takashi KAKIMOTO
    2019 Volume 14 Issue 1 Pages 119-140
    Published: 2019
    Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2019
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In recent years, value creation has become difficult by the company alone. Therefore, it is important to construct a ”business ecosystem (BE)” strategy. However, previous studies have focused on case studies, and few studies have been made on methodology for constructing BE strategies. So, in this research, we propose five frameworks (FW) to construct an effective BE strategy. In FW1, based on P2M theory, a series of construction procedures for deriving output information of BE strategy from input information of internal and external environment are shown. Furthermore, based on FW1, we proposed FW2-5 using the theory of system, architecture, standardization, and hierarchical Abernathy-Utterback model. The BE strategy in the case study of the photovoltaic power generation project created using these five FWs was evaluated by three value indicators (productivity, robustness, and niche player creation) that represent the health of the ecosystem. As a result, it was confirmed that these FWs were effective. Therefore, it can be concluded that these five FWs for constructing the ecosystem strategy are effective.
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  • Tatsuo SATO
    2019 Volume 14 Issue 1 Pages 141-155
    Published: 2019
    Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2019
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In order to realize a sustainable society by solving social issues, a new concept of Collective Impact that creates co-creation value that balances economic value and social value is attracting attention. The expected role of P2M as a HUB between co-creation platforms and various players is expected to further increase in order to practice collective impact. This paper proposes the integration of P2M and Inclusive Design to practice Collective Impact.
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  • Shigenobu OHARA
    2019 Volume 14 Issue 1 Pages 156-181
    Published: 2019
    Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2019
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In the crisis to increasing fragmentations in the world, sustainable development vision is shared by peoples. In fact, SDGs (Sustainable Development Goals) launched by UN for the period 2015-2030 have lighted the hope to the weak and the poor. Social trust innovation is the advocated title which harmo-nizes with SDGs framework as well as ESG (Environment, Social, Governance) investment tools under-lined by nations, government, industries, academia and the third parties’ organizations. Social citizens are willing to participate SDGs compound projects and the interest is focused on P2M viability to assure hap-piness to the results. Block Chain is the technology to lower hurdles of entry and leap frogging to P2M activist, entrepreneurs and start- ups. The benefits are accounted to traceability for P2P (peer to peer) trans-actions, transparency by digital records and proof of work safety on distributed ledger. The application may upgrade business viability for sharing economy and unique collaboration.
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  • Naoki ISHIKAWA, Atsushi SHIMODA, Hironori TAKUMA
    2019 Volume 14 Issue 1 Pages 182-196
    Published: 2019
    Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2019
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Local communities are collapsing, making communication difficult between the government and citizens. In particular, opportunities for people in adolescence and beyond to participate in local communities, which have remained functioning so far, as a lifelong learning place, have decreased, contributing to the progress of intergenerational and regional disparities. There is a need to develop a scheme that allows people in adolescence to play a proactive part in local revitalization. Based on previous studies on network organizations and idea promotion, this study proposes an organizational system and operational process to encourage people to play a proactive role, with a view to creating a decentralized mobile community in which people in adolescence can easily participate.
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  • Atsushi SHIMODA, Yoji TANIGUCHI
    2019 Volume 14 Issue 1 Pages 197-214
    Published: 2019
    Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2019
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In this paper, a method of realizing Society5.0 for solving social problems is studied. Society 5.0 aims to solve various social issues using CPS (Cyber-Physical System) as a means. The process of realizing this is a process in which various stakeholders participate to increase social value, and can be regarded as an extraordinary activity (program) with high uncertainty. In order to understand such a complex activity, it is considered effective to compare with the solution to corporate problems that have been obtained a lot of knowledge. Therefore, an attempt was made to consider the features of the former by comparing by using CPS framework, P2M framework, integrated management, 3S model, and PfM as a common framework. As a result, although it was a limited example, it was possible to grasp a comparative tendency and it was found that it was a useful approach for obtaining a guideline for solving social issues.
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  • Ryujiro SASAO
    2019 Volume 14 Issue 1 Pages 215-233
    Published: 2019
    Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2019
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Although there are many theses related to ODA (Official Development Assistance) programs/projects, there are few theses which focus on the ideal figure of program/project manager. Then, the author, who is a member of International Association of P2M and also has been involved in ODA business for a long time, tried to pursue how ideal program/project managers should be in ODA business. First, the author confirmed the roles of program/project managers in ODA business according to the existing guideline (JICA Business Management Handbook) and also researched the actual roles of program/project managers in the real setting. Second, he compared such guideline and reality in ODA business with the figure expected in P2M method. Finally, the author identified the ideal situation of program/project managers in ODA business and, moreover, he suggested the effectiveness of the capacity to practice necessary to realize such situation by showing some examples.
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  • -Based on the Case of Italy Puglia-
    Takumi NAGASHIMA, Hisanori OKADA, Kentaro NAKANO
    2019 Volume 14 Issue 1 Pages 234-246
    Published: 2019
    Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2019
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The creation of new businesses by local residents in recent rural areas has been attracting attention as creating jobs, encouraging local residents to participate in regional projects, and contributing to the solution of social problems in the region. However, there is no established law on the process of creating ideas for new business ideas and forming programs that embody and implement ideas. On the other hand, in Europe, methods using communication management are attracting attention. In this paper, author propose about new business creation support method in rural areas using communication management. based on the local hearing survey on the case of the province of Puglia in Italy conducted, in addition to the past efforts in Japan,
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  • Content Marketing and Case Studies, Corresponding with Customer Purchase Service Process for Reginal Tourism Planned by Destination
    Kinya TAMAKI
    2019 Volume 14 Issue 1 Pages 247-263
    Published: 2019
    Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2019
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Previously presented paper proposed the curriculum design for human resources development of the“Director for Vitalizing Regional Economies” based on “3S model” of P2M platform management. Recently, “regional tourisms planned by destination” that take advantage of the attractiveness of local resources and tourism resources are planned and implemented in Japanese various regions. The feature of the regional tourisms is that experienced tourisms are designed to adjust the focus of target tourists by effectively using these resources. The purpose of this research paper is to describe the following three research issues: (1) trends in content marketing (2) inbound reginal tourism promotion planned by destination corresponding to service process, and (3) investigating the trend of major media used by inbound tourists before and during travel.
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  • Maki ARAME, Kinya TAMAKI
    2019 Volume 14 Issue 1 Pages 264-280
    Published: 2019
    Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2019
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    As modern society grow more sophisticated and complicated, it is required to create a highly resilient organization that can adapt to changing demands. Aoyama Gakuin University has been implementing PBL classes since 2016 in an educational organization system that applies P2M. However, in such a PBL project aimed at solving social problems, there was a risk of reduced resilience in some groups. In this research, the educational organization which supported the PBL project from the viewpoint of resilience improvement was examined. As a result, it was confirmed that the design of the program architecture that reduced risk factors and the support of communication management were effective in improving resilience.
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  • Kazuhide ABE, Kenichi TAKANO
    2019 Volume 14 Issue 1 Pages 281-300
    Published: 2019
    Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2019
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Relations of organizations that are involved in a plant construction project are becoming more complex because the size of projects is also becoming larger. Which tends to lead such a project to an unforeseen situation, and it is expected to appropriately cope with such a situation, which is a part of research areas of P2M Version 2.0, while overviewing the success of the project and considering the objectives of each company involved in the project. This research aims to show measures to have good teamwork for better resilience of organizations involved in a project, using Internet questionnaire and statistical analysis, based on the hypothesis that organizations of good teamwork are able to address problems appropriately even if any unforeseen problems occur, and there are project management practices that can strengthen teamwork.
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  • A New Introduction to Private Enterprises
    Toshihiro SHIMBO
    2019 Volume 14 Issue 1 Pages 301-319
    Published: 2019
    Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2019
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The role of program managers in private enterprises is to extract all problems requiring an appropriate solution and provide leadership toward their resolution. To accomplish this, varied methods that are suited to each workplace (“Gemba”) must be employed, with direction provided to ensure the full utilization of the capabilities of each specific Gemba. In addition to program managers, program officers who support Gemba also play a vital role in realizing these aims. This report focuses on two kinds of program officers: the program officer in research and development programs for solving social problems [1], and the program officer in collaborative industry-academia research programs like “W-BRIDGE” [2]. Additionally, there is further discussion in the form of actual case studies to clarify the roles of program officers in private enterprises, who coordinate complicated projects on the basis of systems thinking.
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  • Ayako NISHIDA
    2019 Volume 14 Issue 1 Pages 320-335
    Published: 2019
    Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2019
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In the previous report, we proposed the “P2M-OJT” method and evaluation index as a method for developing human resources who can understand and practice the P2M concept that can contribute to sustainable business as a measure to achieve corporate sustainability. In the previous report, “P2M-OJT“ was defined as a method for developing human resources through carrying out project programs and solving problems with teams on the theme of real problems. However, the implementation and evaluation of effectiveness about the “P2M-OJT“ methodology has not been achieved. In this paper, we report practical cases of “P2M-OJT“ in a company, evaluate based on the evaluation index already proposed, and report the result and problem in human resource development.
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  • Yuki ASANO, Hironori TAKUMA, Ayako NISHIDA, Naoya KUSHIDA, Ayumi MIYAZ ...
    2019 Volume 14 Issue 1 Pages 336-357
    Published: 2019
    Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2019
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In recent years products and services, and many business model development sites, there are many companies that hold short-term workshops and create ideas to propose ideas in line with changes in the environment. While short-term workshops have the advantage of being able to quickly bring up ideas, they are not always sufficiently reviewed, and have the problem that they are not unique and there are many similar ideas. According to the previous report of the authors, it is proposed to organize ideas by performing reflection on ideas using ”nverted Triangle”, but it is assumed to be done after ideas have been fully reviewed. The results of short-term workshops are not considered. In this research, in order to reinterpret the ”focused point” of the idea created in the short-term workshop and improve the description about ”uniqueness”, a proposal sheet for preparing the idea inside the idea was proposed and its effect was confirmed.
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  • Ayumi MIYAZAKI, Hironori TAKUMA, Ayako NISHIDA, Akiyoshi INASAKA, Yuki ...
    2019 Volume 14 Issue 1 Pages 358-377
    Published: 2019
    Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2019
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A program manager need to think nature of things and organize the original observation, using initial ideation method of profiling. On the other hand, in P2M guide book and previous studies does not mention any specific method especially on implementing primary profiling method for structuring overall problem. This paper deals with actualizing method for supporting initial insight using profiling method by experimenting initial insight process based on Kawakita’s field science method and confirmed effectivity using case study method. In the further study, we need to format a list of possible issues for arranging practice environment by clarifying learning process of intuition ability, testing training method, so on and so forth.
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  • A Case Study of Participatory Mechanism from the Perspective of Deliberative Democracy
    Yunhee CHOI, Shunji MATSUOKA
    2019 Volume 14 Issue 1 Pages 378-395
    Published: 2019
    Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2019
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Many countries raised their interest in a participatory mechanism concerning project management of High Radioactive Waste (HLW). Nevertheless, the participatory mechanism does not always guarantee an increase in social trust and acceptance of the project. By reviewing the French CNDP, this paper analyzes the participatory mechanism and attempts to clarify the factors impeding an increase in social trust and support through deliberation. The current paper clarifies that the lack of a mechanism to bridge different preferences is the fundamental limitation despite institutionalizing deliberative participatory mechanism in France.
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  • The Analytical Case of the Deficit Model Communication
    Mika YAMADA, Shunji MATSUOKA, Kwang Ho LEE, Yunhee CHOI
    2019 Volume 14 Issue 1 Pages 396-414
    Published: 2019
    Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2019
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Regarding the geological disposal of high-level radioactive waste (HLW) in Japan, there has been no widespread public debate. As no candidate site selection has progressed and it is long way to proceed the HLW disposal project. In order to overcome this situation, currently, technical one-way communication by experts is conducted under assumption of citizen’s lack of technical safety. The approach has been criticized as a ”Deficit model”, but because of its ambiguity, it is still discussed today. This paper applies the method of P2M theory to aim the public debate of the HLW disposal by analyzing the citizen’s policy preference change with 4 social acceptance factors (technical, institutional, economic and regional factors). The “Deficit model” communication case is tested and shows the limit of the current dialogue project of the HLW geological disposal which is placing too much on the technical safety.
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  • A Proposal of Machine-in-the-loop Knowledge Creation process
    Toshiki MORI, Naoshi Uchihira
    2019 Volume 14 Issue 1 Pages 415-435
    Published: 2019
    Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2019
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Despite the widely recognized importance and the standardized process of project & program risk management, there are still difficulties in implementing and executing the process in practical situations. It is assumed that an underlying cause would be ”the difficulty of making trade-off decisions about risk events with uncertain conditions.” In this paper, we provide a new explanation of the practical difficulties of risk management from the point of view of transaction cost theory and prospect theory. We propose an integrated approach of machine learning and knowledge creation process, i.e., machine-in-the-loop knowledge creation process for the purpose of further enhancement of project & program risk management. Furthermore, we use GTA (grounded theory approach) for the analysis of the interview results of practitioners in product development organizations, and evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
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  • Yoshiaki WADA
    2019 Volume 14 Issue 1 Pages 436-445
    Published: 2019
    Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2019
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Rapid development of digital technology has created demand for new program management methods such as those that encourage groundbreaking ideas and advancement into new fields. P2M, which covers program management from the planning through the service stage, is a useful approach. However, it does not touch on how to derive a mission, which is the basis of a program, on the assumption that the mission originates from the “program owner.” New innovation does not emerge without the creation of an innovation theme, which is the basis of a mission. Thus, there is need for a study on the creation of innovation themes. This paper focuses on this point and presents a proposal regarding a new management method. It is hoped that this proposal will contribute to innovation in all industrial fields.
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  • Hironori TAKUMA, Yutaka IWAKAMI
    2019 Volume 14 Issue 1 Pages 446-455
    Published: 2019
    Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2019
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Setting key performance indicators (KPIs) that influence Key Goal Indicators (KGIs) such as sales, sales volume, market share, among others, in a new product development program of an enterprise is extremely in important management matters. Although there are many candidates for KPIs, there have been no studies that have explored the causal relationship between them and KGIs using a mathematical model. In this study, to reduce the complexity of a new product development program and to enable focus on appropriate management, the association between 5 KGIs and 32 KPIs was modeled through Bayesian network analysis based on 250 actual values. The results were further examined from the viewpoint of product development management. Six KPIs that seem to have more possibility to influence KGIs were extracted as “Fundamental KPIs”. From now on, extracting the fundamental KPIs reflecting the actual situation more deeply and exploring the key points for their management is required. This is done by further narrowing down KGIs and KPIs based on the results and increasing the number of actual values.
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  • Hideo YAMAMOTO
    2019 Volume 14 Issue 1 Pages 456-466
    Published: 2019
    Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2019
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    This paper first explains the concept of project & program management (P2M) and the difference between PMBOK® and P2M. Next, it describes requirements for managing agile development and social system development and explains that there are two types of extension for P2M. An agile development project uses three models. A scheme model is used to set the overall target. It seeks to increase value for users through trial-and-error interactions between a system model and a service model. In a social system development project, stakeholders agree on a scenario using a scheme model, and the scenario is modified as necessary as the project advances. In both types of project, it is important to adopt a human-centric design approach and to maintain the motivation of project participants with different perceptions of what constitutes ‘value.’
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  • Editorial Board of International Association of P2M
    2019 Volume 14 Issue 1 Pages 467-468
    Published: 2019
    Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2019
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Editorial Board of International Association of P2M
    2019 Volume 14 Issue 1 Pages cover_5-cover_6
    Published: 2019
    Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2019
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (378K)
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