IEEJ Transactions on Electronics, Information and Systems
Online ISSN : 1348-8155
Print ISSN : 0385-4221
ISSN-L : 0385-4221
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Volume 127, Issue 11
Displaying 1-23 of 23 articles from this issue
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Special Issue on “The 2006 Kansai Section Joint Convention of Institutes of Electrical Engineering Japan”
Special Issue Paper
<Electronic Materials>
  • Characterization of Aluminum Silicate (AlSiO) Insulator Films
    Naoyoshi Komatsu, Takashi Sugino, Chiharu Kimura, Hidemitsu Aoki, Hiro ...
    2007 Volume 127 Issue 11 Pages 1822-1825
    Published: November 01, 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: November 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejeiss.127.1822
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    An attractive gate insulator film with a wide bandgap and a high dielectric constant is required to achieve high performance power field-effect transistor (FET) using wide bandgap semiconductors such as SiC and diamond. An Al2O3 film is one of the candidates for this purpose. The AlO film was produced by means of RF sputtering on Si and SiC substrates, and I-V and C-V characteristics of the AlO film were measured. However, the AlO film was not stoichiometric and it has large gate leakage current and large charge shifts. So we added Si in AlO (AlSiO).
    We have succeeded in suppressing the gate leakage current and the charge shifts by using the AlSiO film. The optimized AlSiO film was applied to SiC-MIS structure. It was also observed that the leakage current level was suppressed.
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<Integrated Electronic-Circuits>
  • Envelope Following Analysis Method of Autonomous Power Electronic Circuits
    Toshiji Kato, Kaoru Inoue, Yoshinori Kanda
    2007 Volume 127 Issue 11 Pages 1826-1831
    Published: November 01, 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: November 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejeiss.127.1826
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    The envelope following(EF) method is an approximate transient simulation technique which considers switching dynamics. It skips analysis of several switching cycles and considers the cycles by using, for example, the backward Euler or the trapezoidal type algorithm. It is more accurate than the averaging method because it considers switching ripples and it is still efficient. However it has been proposed only for non-autonomous systems. This paper proposes a new extended EF method which can also analyze autonomous systems which are typical in the power electronics field. It is extended by introducing a switching condition to the original one and the two conditions are solved simultaneously. In the numerical process, a Jacobian matrix is evaluated where switch timing sensitivities are considered. A hysteresis controlled buck and a C´uk converter examples are investigated and validated.
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<Biomedical Engineering>
  • Fundamental Study on Localized Heating in Hyperthermia Using Phase Control of Long-wavelength Microwaves
    Hiroshi Matsumoto, Hiroki Ishida, Satoshi Nakamoto, Hiromasa Takeno, Y ...
    2007 Volume 127 Issue 11 Pages 1832-1838
    Published: November 01, 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: November 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejeiss.127.1832
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    For the treatment of cancer using hyperthermia, high frequency electromagnetic fields are used to heat the cancer cells. These electromagnetic fields fall into two general frequency ranges, one relatively low, and the other in the microwave range. Both produce some side effects such as the heating of healthy cells or the impact on the body of invasive surgery required to expose deep-lying cells. To reduce these side reactions, the use of lower microwave frequencies with phase control was proposed. In this paper, we present a very basic study to prove the viability of the proposed scheme. This includes the selection of a suitable frequency, demonstration of localized heating using the selected frequency, and a three-dimensional numerical analysis of the electromagnetic fields involved. In the heating demonstration, a tissue-equivalent phantom made from agar was irradiated by phase-controlled electromagnetic waves from a pair of circular patch antennas operating at 430MHz. This produced localized heating. The numerical analysis produced a field distribution that corresponded closely to the results from the heating experiment. It confirmed that the phase control technique for long-wavelength microwaves was effective in producing localized heating.
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  • Evaluation of biological moleculer adsorption on hydroxyapatite and amorphus Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 thin films using QCM method
    Haruka Imai, Masanobu Kusunoki, Yoshiya Hashimoto, Hiroaki Nishikawa, ...
    2007 Volume 127 Issue 11 Pages 1839-1842
    Published: November 01, 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: November 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejeiss.127.1839
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    Biological molecular adsorption on crystal hydroxyapatite (HAp) and amorphous Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 was investigated using quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) method. The pulsed laser ablation (PLA) was applied to coat both kind films for QCM sensors. A crystal HAp sensor was prepared with thermal treatment during the fabrication process. An amorphous Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 sensor was prepared without any thermal treatment. Not only crystal HAp but amorphous Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 showed good adsorptive feature compared with conventional QCM on the market. The result showed that a low temperature deposition of HAp is adaptable to polymer-based materials for medical purposes.
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<Electronics Applications>
<Sensing Systems>
  • Characterization of Amino Acids Sensing Using a Porous Ion Exchange Film with Monolith Structure
    Kazuki Miyano, Takashi Sugino, Chiharu Kimura, Hidemitsu Aoki
    2007 Volume 127 Issue 11 Pages 1848-1852
    Published: November 01, 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: November 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejeiss.127.1848
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    A biological and chemical sensor with a rapid response in a micro level test is required for health and environmental monitoring. Our approach to develop a high performance sensor is to sense chemical substances with a porous monolith type ion exchanger having 3D acceptors. This porous ion exchanger has an open-cellular structure with 5∼50μm diameter pore. The concentration of amino acids in the solution can be detected by measuring impedance of the monolith. We have succeeded in sensing amino acids with a concentration as low as 5×10-7 mol. The porous ion exchanger has a potential of a high performance device for biological sensing.
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Paper
<Optoelectronics & Quantum Electronics>
  • Measurement of Shock Waves Using an Acousto-Optic Laser Deflector
    Tetsuo Fukuchi, Koshichi Nemoto
    2007 Volume 127 Issue 11 Pages 1853-1858
    Published: November 01, 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: November 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejeiss.127.1853
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    Laser interference fringe patterns and shadowgraphs were obtained with a minimum exposure time of 200 ns using an acousto-optic laser deflector. Experimental results showed that this method has sufficient spatial and temporal resolution to image the wavefront of shock waves generated by laser-induced breakdown in air. The shock waves propagated at a speed of over 103 m/s immediately after breakdown, and at a nearly constant speed of about 510 m/s for 3-9 μs after breakdown. The width of the wavefront of the shock wave was measured to be 0.17 mm, and the neutral density variation at the wavefront was estimated to be 9×1024 m-3.
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<Biomedical Engineering>
  • Index for Evaluating Heart Rate Variability based on the Extreme Point of Time Series
    Yutaka Yoshida, Kiyoko Yokoyama, Naohiro Ishii
    2007 Volume 127 Issue 11 Pages 1859-1864
    Published: November 01, 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: November 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejeiss.127.1859
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    In this study, it aimed at the proposal of real time and continuous estimating method of physiological states using biological signals. The proposal method will be one of the basic technology to develop physiological state monitor. The proposal index is defined in the ratio of the number of extreme points of the heart rate time series and the number of heart rate. This index is called NEP. The characteristic of the NEP was shown by simulation analysis. The NEP was compared with classical indices of heart rate variability by the analysis of measured heart rate time series. NEP decreased significantly (p<0.05) when posture changed from supine to standing. In this case, the autonomic nervous activity balance changes from the parasympathetic to the sympathetic nerve. Moreover, the NEP was correlated with the respiratory frequency in supine position (p<0.01). It is not necessary to consider individual variation of NEP in the physiological state evaluation. Standardization process or relative value is not necessary to compare individual persons. This parameter is applicable to evaluate physiological state at real time and continuously.
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  • Brain Activity Associated with Emoticons: An fMRI Study
    —Effects of Facial Expressions in Personal Communications over Computer Network—
    Masahide Yuasa, Keiichi Saito, Naoki Mukawa
    2007 Volume 127 Issue 11 Pages 1865-1870
    Published: November 01, 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: November 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejeiss.127.1865
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    In this paper, we describe that brain activities associated with emoticons by using fMRI. In communication over a computer network, we use abstract faces such as computer graphics (CG) avatars and emoticons. These faces convey users' emotions and enrich their communications. However, the manner in which these faces influence the mental process is as yet unknown. The human brain may perceive the abstract face in an entirely different manner, depending on its level of reality. We conducted an experiment using fMRI in order to investigate the effects of emoticons. The results show that right inferior frontal gyrus, which associated with nonverbal communication, is activated by emoticons. Since the emoticons were created to reflect the real human facial expressions as accurately as possible, we believed that they would activate the right fusiform gyrus. However, this region was not found to be activated during the experiment. This finding is useful in understanding how abstract faces affect our behaviors and decision-making in communication over a computer network.
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<Sound and Image Processing and Recognition>
  • Detection of Suspicious Persons using Internet Camera
    Kenji Terada, Daisuke Kamogashira
    2007 Volume 127 Issue 11 Pages 1871-1879
    Published: November 01, 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: November 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejeiss.127.1871
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    Recently, many brutal crimes have shocked us. Therefore, the importance of security and self-defense have increased more and more. It is necessary to develop an automatic method of detecting suspicious persons. In this paper, we propose a method of detecting suspicious persons using the internet camera. An image sequence is obtained by the internet camera. By using these images, the recognition of suspicious persons is carried out. Our method classifies the condition of the target person into 3 postures: walking, staying and sitting. The system employs the subspace method which uses three features: the value of movement, the number of looking around restlessly, and the rate of stopping and going. Some experimental results using a simple experimental system are also reported, which indicate effectiveness of the proposed method. In most scenes, the suspicious persons are able to be detected by the proposed method.
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  • Sketch Image Retrieval System Using Canny Edge Detection for the Multiple Resolution Images
    Tomohide Tatara, Gosuke Ohashi
    2007 Volume 127 Issue 11 Pages 1880-1887
    Published: November 01, 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: November 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejeiss.127.1880
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    In this paper, edge detection for the sketch image retrieval system is proposed. An effective edge detection is required for the edge-based sketch image retrieval system, because the retrieval results depend on edge images. Canny edge detection is known as one of effective edge detections, but Canny edge detection is difficult to apply to various images since it is needed to optimize three parameters. In this method, edges are, therefore, detected with Canny edge detection from multiple-resolution images of database images, and desired images are retrieved by extracting features from detected edge images. Experimental results of applying this method to 6,500 images in Corel photo gallery showed a good performance of this method.
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  • Intelligent Automatic Classification of True and Counterfeit Notes Based on Spectrum Analysis
    Shohei Matsunaga, Sigeru Omatu, Toshohisa Kosaka
    2007 Volume 127 Issue 11 Pages 1888-1893
    Published: November 01, 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: November 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejeiss.127.1888
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    The purpose of this paper is to classify bank notes into “true” or “counterfeit” ones faster and more precisely compared with a conventional method. We note that thin lines are represented by direct lines in the images of true notes while they are represented in the counterfeit notes by dotted lines. This is due to properties of dot printers or scanner levels. To use the properties, we propose two method to classify a note into true or counterfeited one by checking whether there exist thin lines or dotted lines of the note. First, we use Fourier transform of the note to find quantity of features for classification and we classify a note into true or counterfeit one by using the features by Fourier transform. Then we propose a classification method by using wavelet transform in place of Fourier transform. Finally, some classification results are illustrated to show the effectiveness of the proposed methods.
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  • Cadastral Map Assembling Using Generalized Hough Transformation
    Fei Liu, Wataru Ohyama, Tetsushi Wakabayashi, Fumitaka Kimura
    2007 Volume 127 Issue 11 Pages 1894-1901
    Published: November 01, 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: November 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejeiss.127.1894
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    There are numerous cadastral maps generated by the past land surveying. The raster digitization of these paper maps is in progress. For effective and efficient use of these maps, we have to assemble the set of maps to make them superimposable on other geographic information in a GIS. The problem can be seen as a complex jigsaw puzzle where the pieces are the cadastral sections extracted from the map. We present an automatic solution to this geographic jigsaw puzzle, based on the generalized Hough transformation that detects the longest common boundary between every piece and its neighbors. The experiments have been conducted using the map of Mie Prefecture, Japan and the French cadastral map. The results of the experiments with the French cadastral maps showed that the proposed method, which consists of a flood filling procedure of internal area and detection and normalization of the north arrow direction, is suitable for assembling the cadastral map. The final goal of the process is to integrate every piece of the puzzle into a national geographic reference frame and database.
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  • Recognition of Sound Environment by a Bathroom Monitoring System
    Naoyuki Komoguchi, Kenji Yamane, Shogo Tanaka
    2007 Volume 127 Issue 11 Pages 1902-1908
    Published: November 01, 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: November 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejeiss.127.1902
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    Developing a monitoring system for a bathroom is important to prevent aged persons from accidents. The authors previously developed a bathroom monitoring system using an acoustic sensor which measured the water level of a bathtub and the temperature and also recognized the sound environment. The sound environment was however occasionally mis-recognized with the system. The present paper proposes a new method which recognizes the sound environment in the bathroom more accurately. Experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the method.
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<Control and Measurement>
  • Instantaneous Frequency Expressions of Sinusoid from Time-Differential Domain Samples
    Kazuyoshi Kubo
    2007 Volume 127 Issue 11 Pages 1909-1917
    Published: November 01, 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: November 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejeiss.127.1909
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    In this paper, instantaneous frequency expressions are mathematically derived, where each of the expressions is a function of sine-wave samples in time-differential domain space. At first, we introduce differential operator, divided finite difference operator, shifting operator, and mean operator. Then, we derive a strict expression of instantaneous frequency by applying the operators to the governing equation, which generates sine-wave. It is shown that the derived expression is identical to the Prony's method. Next, the other five expressions of instantaneous frequency are derived by the operator-applying method. Numerical results show that precise instantaneous frequencies are calculated by using the expressions. All the expressions are not under constraint of the uncertainty principle, and one of them is not under constraint of the sampling theorem.
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  • Control System for Disturbance Attenuation Based on an Observer with a Function of Estimating Unmeasurable Inputs
    Katsuhiko Fuwa, Tatsuo Narikiyo, Hisashi Kando
    2007 Volume 127 Issue 11 Pages 1918-1927
    Published: November 01, 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: November 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejeiss.127.1918
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    A disturbance observer is well known as a control system which can reduce the adverse effect of disturbances. In order to synthesize the disturbance observer, the exact dynamical model of disturbance is required. However, in general, it is difficult to obtain the exact disturbance model. On the other hand, an observer with a function of estimating unmeasurable inputs has been already proposed. By using this observer, unmeasurable disturbances can be estimated without the exact disturbance model. However, disturbance attenuation problem based on the observer still remains as an open issue. In this paper, a synthesis method of the control system for disturbance attenuation based on an observer with a function of estimating unmeasurable inputs is proposed and the class of compensators which guarantee the internal stability of the closed loop system is clarified.
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<System Engineering>
  • DynaBioS: A Platform for Cell/Biodynamics Simulators
    Takao Shimayoshi, Kenta Hori, Jianyin Lu, Akira Amano, Tetsuya Matsuda ...
    2007 Volume 127 Issue 11 Pages 1928-1936
    Published: November 01, 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: November 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejeiss.127.1928
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    Biological simulation has become an important technology for biological research. Though multi-domain simulation technique is required for analysis of complicated biological activities, multi-domain biosimuator system tends to be very complicated and so requires a high developing cost. To improve this situation, we propose a biosimulator development platform, DynaBioS, which can handle complex interactions between phenomena in different domains, such as electrophysiology and mechanics. A biosimulator system is composed of components, each of which is a sub-simulator of a phenomenon, and exchanges event messages to each others as the interaction of the phenomena. This design allows easy replacement of a model for a phenomena by interchanging a corresponding component. This platform reduces costs to develop simulators, by implementation of components by wrapping existing software products, and by reuse of components. Examples of developed simulators are given to show that this platform facilitates the development of biosimulators.
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  • An Image Retrieval System using Impressional Words Based on Individual Preference
    Hidetaka Nambo, Tadashi Okamine, Haruhiko Kimura, Minoru Nakazawa, Shi ...
    2007 Volume 127 Issue 11 Pages 1937-1946
    Published: November 01, 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: November 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejeiss.127.1937
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    When we examine goods with their pictures at online shops, regarding flowers and drawings, it is difficult to give proper keywords for retrieving goods' pictures. To refer their pictures efficiently, image retrieval systems using adjectives called as Kansei words, which represent human feelings, impressions, etc., are proposed. However, since the current systems retrieve pictures without customers' preferences, outputs disagree with the preferences. To cope with the problem, we propose an image retrieval system with Kansei words according to users' preferences. Experimental results have shown the efficiencies of the proposed system comparing with performances of a conventional system.
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Letter
<Integrated Electronic-Circuits>
<Biomedical Engineering>
<Sensing Systems>
  • A Study of Mechanical Vibration Signal Transmission Using Position Modulated Optical Pulses
    Ikuo Yamashita, Kyoichi Oro, Shigeyuki Seikai
    2007 Volume 127 Issue 11 Pages 1951-1952
    Published: November 01, 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: November 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejeiss.127.1951
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    A novel vibration sensing scheme using a technique of converting the vibration into position modulated optical pulses is described. The laser light whose wavelength changes at a cycle of several kHz is launched into a fiber and passes through an optical filter whose center wavelength is changed in proportion to the mechanical vibration with frequency lower than kHz. The output signal from the filter becomes time position modulated optical pulses because the laser light passes only when the both wavelengths coincide. The basic operation of the scheme is experimentally confirmed using a 5-km transmission line.
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<Multimedia Technology>
  • Investigation of Method for Changing Impression of Musical Piece by Changing its Tempo
    Makoto Fukumoto, Keita Okamatsu, Kazuhisa Matsuo
    2007 Volume 127 Issue 11 Pages 1953-1954
    Published: November 01, 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: November 01, 2007
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejeiss.127.1953
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    We propose a simple method that changes impression of musical piece by changing its tempo and investigate psycho-physiological effects of the method with listening experiment. In the experiment, 8 subjects listened same musical pieces with various tempi, and analysis of heartbeat and Semantic-Differential method were used. In 6 out of 10 adjective pairs, inverted-U shapes were observed, and peak tempi of them were different. Moreover, “relaxed” evaluation might be related to listener's heart rate in rest. These results suggest possibility of constructing novel media player that changes impression of musical piece.
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<Control and Measurement>
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