電気学会論文誌C(電子・情報・システム部門誌)
Online ISSN : 1348-8155
Print ISSN : 0385-4221
ISSN-L : 0385-4221
127 巻, 6 号
選択された号の論文の26件中1~26を表示しています
特集:システム制御のための画像応用技術
特集解説
特集論文
<音声画像処理・認識>
  • 山口 順一, 喜多 哲也, 石原 豊
    2007 年 127 巻 6 号 p. 817-823
    発行日: 2007/06/01
    公開日: 2007/09/01
    ジャーナル フリー
    In this paper, the authors describe a license plate (LP) detection method which can exclude a restriction on LP position, three dimensional rotation and size. In the method, LP reference images, which replaced characters on the plate image by rectangles, are prepared beforehand. Using a frontal LP image, they are calculated by perspective projection at regular direction intervals and are calculated by a processing of expanding and shrinking at regular size intervals. Using an input image of vehicle passing scene and one reference image, a correlation map as a distribution of matching degree is obtained by matched filter. By matched filter with every reference image, the correlation maps corresponding to the reference images are obtained. Detecting the highest value in all correlation maps, the matched reference image and the coordinate as LP position are decided. Furthermore, a shape of LP in the input image is detected by fitting of LP frame which is calculated using the matched reference image. In the paper, the proposal method is explained and an example of the experimental results is shown.
  • 中澤 満, 青木 義満, 戸田 裕之, 小林 正和
    2007 年 127 巻 6 号 p. 824-830
    発行日: 2007/06/01
    公開日: 2007/09/01
    ジャーナル フリー
    In the past, all methods which understand deformation / fracture (D/F) characteristics have been limited on the surface indirectly. D/F characteristics are impacted by nano-scale structural features like air bubbles (pores); therefore, they need to be analyzed including inside. In this paper, we propose a system which automatically obtains the corresponding relations between pre- and post-D/F pores. Our system enabled analyzing three dimensional, local, high-accuracy D/F characteristics.
  • Tadahiro Oyama, Yuji Matsumura, Stephen Githinji Karungaru, Minoru Fuk ...
    2007 年 127 巻 6 号 p. 831-836
    発行日: 2007/06/01
    公開日: 2007/09/01
    ジャーナル フリー
    This paper presents a new algorithm for feature generation, which is derived based on geometrical interpretation of the fisher linear discriminant analysis (FLDA). This algorithm (Simple-FLDA) is an approximation algorithm that calculates eigenvectors sequentially by an easy iterative calculation by expressing the maximization of variance between classes and minimization of variance in each class without the use of matrix calculation. We carry out computer simulations about recognition of wrist motion patterns by EMG measured from wrist and personal authentications that use face images to verify the effectiveness of this technique. The result was compared with the result of principal component analysis (Simple-PCA).
  • 岩田 健司, 佐藤 雄隆, 依田 育士, 坂上 勝彦
    2007 年 127 巻 6 号 p. 837-843
    発行日: 2007/06/01
    公開日: 2007/09/01
    ジャーナル フリー
    We propose a novel surveillance system that uses hybrid camera network. The system contains a panorama camera and PTZ cameras to take the wide range images and face images at high enough resolution for identification tasks. The robust human detection methods include robust background subtraction method (RRC), skin color segmentation and face tracking method. First, the system detects persons from a panorama image, and then the detailed face images are obtained with the PTZ cameras. The PTZ cameras can track the faces using the four directional features and the relaxation matching. In addition, the system has automatic camera position calibration feature. Thus, the user can use the system without any troublesome settings.
  • 井口 弘将, 阿部 孝司, 参沢 匡将, 木村 春彦, 大洞 喜正
    2007 年 127 巻 6 号 p. 844-853
    発行日: 2007/06/01
    公開日: 2007/09/01
    ジャーナル フリー
    According to the Gestalt principals, in this paper, we model features for measuring the attraction degree between couples of image components, and grouping areas in trademark images are recognized. This investigation would be used for content-based image retrieval from the view of mirroring human perception for images. The features of proximity, shape similarity, closure, and good continuation are extracted from every combination of two components in an image. After that, according to results of the judgments, a grouping pattern for the query is fixed. Besides, changing combination of the features, the proposed method can output plural grouping patterns. In the experiments, we have evaluated the proposed method on 74 test images comparing between outputs by the proposed method and grouping patterns for the test images obtained from results of questionnaires by 104 participants.
  • Takuya Akashi, Yuji Wakasa, Kanya Tanaka, Stephen Karungaru, Minoru Fu ...
    2007 年 127 巻 6 号 p. 854-866
    発行日: 2007/06/01
    公開日: 2007/09/01
    ジャーナル フリー
    In this paper, high-speed size and orientation invariant lips detection of a talking person in an active scene using template matching and genetic algorithms is proposed. As part of the objectives, we also try to acquire numerical parameters to represent the lips. The information is very important for many applications, where high performance is required, such as audio-visual speech recognition, speaker identification systems, robot perception and personal mobile devices interfaces. The difficulty in lips detection is mainly due to deformations and geometric changes of the lips during speech and the active scene by free camera motion. In order to enhance the performance in speed and accuracy, initially, the performance is improved on a single still image, that is, the base of video processing. Our proposed system is based on template matching using genetic algorithms (GA). Only one template is prepared per experiment. The template is the closed mouth of a subject, because the application is for personal devices. In our previous study, the main problem was trade-off between search accuracy and search speed. To overcome this problem, we use two methods: scaling window and dynamic search domain control (SD-Control). We therefore focus on the population size of the GA, because it has a direct effect on search accuracy and speed. The effectiveness of the proposed system is demonstrated by performing computer simulations. We achieved a lips detection accuracy of 91.33% at an average processing time of 33.70 milliseconds per frame.
論文
<電子・集積回路>
  • 早川 雅文, 中村 次男, 冬爪 成人, 笠原 宏, 田中 照夫
    2007 年 127 巻 6 号 p. 867-873
    発行日: 2007/06/01
    公開日: 2007/09/01
    ジャーナル フリー
    In large-scale System-LSI/SoC, how to standardize the communication method between diversified cores becomes one of the important problems, and various study reports have been done.
    We propose a new method to solve the problem, where the communication between the cores is limited only to using message + parameters format. As the communication mechanism between IP cores and a common bus, we introduced the architecture, ACU, common to every core with various I/O functions, and it can be realized with less than 5k gates scale.
    As the paradigm of Globally-Asynchronous Locally-Synchronous(GALS) system is attracting attention, this method is believed to be a good suggestion as a communication mechanism between local IP cores.
<医用電子・生体工学>
  • 伊藤 伸一, 満倉 靖恵, 宮村(中村) 浩子, 斎藤 隆文, 福見 稔
    2007 年 127 巻 6 号 p. 874-881
    発行日: 2007/06/01
    公開日: 2007/09/01
    ジャーナル フリー
    EEG is characterized by the unique and individual characteristics. Little research has been done to take into account the individual characteristics when analyzing EEG signals. Often the EEG has frequency components which can describe most of the significant characteristics. Then there is the difference of importance between the analyzed frequency components of the EEG. We think that the importance difference shows the individual characteristics. In this paper, we propose a new EEG extraction method of characteristic vector by a latency structure model in individual characteristics (LSMIC). The LSMIC is the latency structure model, which has personal error as the individual characteristics, based on normal distribution. The real-coded genetic algorithms (RGA) are used for specifying the personal error that is unknown parameter. Moreover we propose an objective estimation method that plots the EEG characteristic vector on a visualization space. Finally, the performance of the proposed method is evaluated using a realistic simulation and applied to a real EEG data. The result of our experiment shows the effectiveness of the proposed method.
<通信・ネットワーク>
  • Qian Tian, Noriyoshi Yamauchi
    2007 年 127 巻 6 号 p. 882-886
    発行日: 2007/06/01
    公開日: 2007/09/01
    ジャーナル フリー
    In this paper we present a novel model of noise removal for the human body vibration signals in wireless sensor networks, which assumes which assumes that the noise appears not continuously or periodically but sparsely and it is the summary of some transient signals at discrete time. Furthermore, on the base of the model a new algorithm is developed which takes advantages of wavelet transforms to remove the noise by the method of processing scale functions coefficients at each level. A wavelet block is designed to implement the function of the proposed method. The results of the simulation and experiments indicate that the new algorithm has removed the noise of the signals successfully in the case of both human's one discrete action and continuous activities.
  • — A New MAC Protocol for Wireless Networks —
    Arturo Valencia Milian, Shinsuke Tamura, Tatsuro Yanase
    2007 年 127 巻 6 号 p. 887-896
    発行日: 2007/06/01
    公開日: 2007/09/01
    ジャーナル フリー
    This paper discusses the Channel Acquisition Slot Protocol (CASP), a new protocol for the Media Access Control (MAC) of wireless networks. The CASP is intended to provide a more efficient use of communication channels; this is achieved by mechanisms for eliminating contentions among network stations and by an implicit handling of acknowledge messages. To avoid collisions of messages, the protocol divides the time into short slots, each of which is assigned to a single station, and any station must wait its own slot to start its transmission. However once a transmission is started the slot can be extended and no other station can make use of the channel. The use of an implicit acknowledge mechanism removes the necessity of an acknowledge message exchange for every transmission. In various simulated scenarios the CASP shows a 25% better throughput efficiency compared with the one of the IEEE802.11 protocol.
<マルチメディア>
<音声画像処理・認識>
  • 井口 晃, 工藤 博章, 大西 昇
    2007 年 127 巻 6 号 p. 904-913
    発行日: 2007/06/01
    公開日: 2007/09/01
    ジャーナル フリー
    To recover 3D-information using two images taken by a moving camera at different positions, we need two information, the location of cameras and relation of correspondences between images. When the camera motion is unknown, we must find all clues from only images. In this paper, we propose a method of depth estimation using the knowledge of camera rotation. We assume that the rotation of a camera is controllable and that approximate information of camera motion is available. The camera motion is described with six parameters. We set initial values of parameters from the information of camera motion. We calculate parameters that minimize the distance between epipolar lines and correspondent points. When an iteration is repeated, we update the values, which must keep a solution that is possible as real camera motion. In the simulation experiment, we confirmed that our method performed effectively when matching error was small, while there were many matching errors using knowledge only. We also examined in real environment and obtained good results. Epipolar lines recovered by our method passed through the correspondent points and lines recovered by knowledge only didn't. It proved that object shapes were generally reconstructed and the proposed method was useful and effective.
  • 下村 昌平, 五十嵐 一, 広井 高志, 細谷 直樹, 中川 泰夫
    2007 年 127 巻 6 号 p. 914-921
    発行日: 2007/06/01
    公開日: 2007/09/01
    ジャーナル フリー
    In semiconductor wafer manufacturing processes, defect candidates are usually extracted by an inspection system. The defect candidates are composed of true defects such as open circuits, contaminants, and bridge as well as non-defect patterns, called nuisances, which dominate true defects. The goal of this study is to classify the defects candidates into each true defect and nuisance using a small number of training data given by SEM inspection. It is shown that the accuracy of the clustering is considerably improved by introducing qualitative knowledge, which is a priori given by an inspector, in the clustering processes.
  • Hany Ayad Bastawrous, Norihisa Nitta, Masaru Tsudagawa
    2007 年 127 巻 6 号 p. 922-927
    発行日: 2007/06/01
    公開日: 2007/09/01
    ジャーナル フリー
    In this paper, we investigate a procedure for decreasing the number of false positive findings in a reported Computer Aided Diagnosis (CAD) system for the detection of Ground Glass Opacity (GGO) nodules in chest Computed Tomography (CT) images. The proposed procedure consists of two main stages. The first stage is the application of a Radial Basis Function (RBF) neural network on the CT images using a sliding sub-image window scanned over the region of interest (ROI). The RBF network was trained using both, GGO nodule and false positive samples in order to gain the ability to differentiate between both findings. The second stage involves the examination of coronal CT images to confirm the existence of GGO candidates in the transaxial CT images based on the fact that nodular candidates tend to appear similarly in both sections. The algorithm was applied on 2100 slice images containing 27 GGO nodules representing the majority of the typical findings found in the real clinical practice. It succeeded to achieve a detection sensitivity of 96.3% with False Positive (FP) rate of 0.147 FP/slice in case of using the RBF network alone and further improved to 0.06 FP/slice when applying the RBF network together with the coronal images examination, which proves the potential effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
  • Ke Du, Jianming Lu, Hiroo Sekiya, Takashi Yahagi
    2007 年 127 巻 6 号 p. 928-936
    発行日: 2007/06/01
    公開日: 2007/09/01
    ジャーナル フリー
    Compression artifacts are the results of an aggressive data compression scheme applied to an image that discards some data which is determined by an algorithm to be of lesser importance to the overall contents but which is nonetheless discernible and objectionable to the user. In this paper we present a post-processing algorithm that focuses on restoring the clarity of important image features, such as edges, and removing the compression ringing artifacts around edges at compression ratios of 100:1 and greater. At the decoder, the algorithm extracts the locations of edges from reconstructed image and classifies the pixels surrounding edges for removing compression ringing artifacts, then applies a linear procedure to restore the clarity of the edges. With this algorithm, edges in the images which important for recognition are well restored, and the compression ringing artifacts are removed at very low bit rates.
<制御・計測>
<ロボティクス>
<システム>
研究開発レター
<光・量子エレクトロニクス>
<通信・ネットワーク>
<音声画像処理・認識>
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