電気学会論文誌A(基礎・材料・共通部門誌)
Online ISSN : 1347-5533
Print ISSN : 0385-4205
ISSN-L : 0385-4205
111 巻, 5 号
選択された号の論文の23件中1~23を表示しています
  • 土手 敏彦
    1991 年 111 巻 5 号 p. 363-369
    発行日: 1991/05/20
    公開日: 2008/07/15
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 細川 辰三
    1991 年 111 巻 5 号 p. 370-375
    発行日: 1991/05/20
    公開日: 2008/07/15
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 土手 敏彦, 島田 昌敏, 石根 正久
    1991 年 111 巻 5 号 p. 376-382
    発行日: 1991/05/20
    公開日: 2008/07/15
    ジャーナル フリー
    The present study is concerned with obtaining a spatial distribution of the electric field in the cathode sheath of a glow discharge by solving the Possion equation, which is based on local equilibrium behavior of the charged particle swarm. At this time, a boundary condition which the electric field and its gradient at the sheath edge are zero together, is used. This means that at the sheath edge the electron density equals to the positive ion density, thereby the cathode sheath is smoothly connected with the negative glow plasma.
    Consequently, the spatial distribution of the electric field obtained is thought to be closer to the actual state compared with the classical solutions. Moreover the linearly decreasing electric field appears only extremely near the cathode in a range of particularly smaller discharge current. Since this linear distribution is sometimes available, its theoretical expression is also derived.
  • 真瀬 寛, 田辺 利夫, 池畑 隆
    1991 年 111 巻 5 号 p. 383-388
    発行日: 1991/05/20
    公開日: 2008/07/15
    ジャーナル フリー
    Conventional theories of cathode fall in the glow discharge are based on the collisional sheath model in which the electron multiplication M and the self-sustaining condition γ(M-1)=1 have important roles. However, these theories still involve some principal problems to be solved, when we will derive the self-consistent solution.
    We discuss the problems, considering the stable cathode sheath formation. We also reconsider the early collisionless sheath theory proposed by Gütherschulze and Ryde before the collisional sheath theories and discuss the possibility of solving more exact solution by using improved collisionless sheath theory.
  • 池田 正志, 山岸 泰, 松浦 勇二, 坂口 威
    1991 年 111 巻 5 号 p. 389-395
    発行日: 1991/05/20
    公開日: 2008/07/15
    ジャーナル フリー
    Electric field-electric current characteristics in positive column of glow discharge in Ar are calculated from the relation between electric field and electron number density. The model of simplified energy level about Ar is shown and diffusion equations for that model are derived and solved. Necessarry swarm parameters for diffusion equation are calculated from the electron energy distributions which are obtained by solving Boltzmann equation.
    The validity of simplified model is discussed. About 4s and 4s'levels, electric field-electric current characteristics are calculated for two cases. One for two cases, levels are divided into two levels, the metastable level and the excited level (Type 1). The other for two cases, separated levels of the Type 1 are integrated into one level (Type 2). About this two cases, electric field-electric current characteristics are found and compared with measured values. As a result, the Type 1 is superior to the Type 2.
    As a calculated result, electron number density and metastable atom number density are found. Electric current-particle number density characteristics are discussed.
    About ionization process, the three cases are considered i.e. direct ionization, step ionization, metastable-metastable collision ionization. The ratio accounting for each ionization process in current is calculated and is compared with the case of Ne.
    Normalized particle number density for radial characteristics are shown.
  • 鈴木 豊, 湯本 雅恵, 黒田 能孝, 堺 孝夫
    1991 年 111 巻 5 号 p. 396-401
    発行日: 1991/05/20
    公開日: 2008/07/15
    ジャーナル フリー
    Electron multiplication by the collisional ionization is not so expected to maintain the steady state discharge under the condition of high value of E/N, where E is an electric field strength and N is number density of molecules. To analyze the discharge mechanism under the condition, the Monte Calro method was used in the investigation, since the collisional equilibrium condition is never expected. At the first step, a self-consistent field distribution was evaluated to achieve the calculation of motion of charged particles at the steady state discharge. Under the distribution evaluated, energy distributions and number density distributions of electrons and ions were obtained. From these results, it was shown that mean energy of electrons and ions was very high and an electron swarm with beam-like character existed. In the next step, electrode effect on electron multiplication was examined. From the results of calculations, it was suggested that electron reflection effect on the anode might contribute towards electron multiplication.
  • 山住 富也, 今井田 隆, 加藤 法之, 池沢 俊治郎
    1991 年 111 巻 5 号 p. 402-409
    発行日: 1991/05/20
    公開日: 2008/07/15
    ジャーナル フリー
    This paper presents the experimental verification on two-temperature electron discharge plasma in a bucket type plasma device. As long filaments (30cm) are used, there is some point at one side on filaments where the plasma potential Vsp is equal to the filament potential φF. The cold electrons are emitted from the points. At the other side on the filaments, the primary electrons accelerated by VspF ionize the gas atoms. The hot electrons are produced. The density ratio N(=Neh/Nec) can be controlled in a wide range of 2.5-17 by both fillament current and discharge current. The condition for the two-temperature electron discharge plasma is obtained in the present device: V<Vsp<V-VF and Vsp-V>ionization voltage (V: the discharge voltage, VF: the filament voltage).
  • 正特性タウンゼント放電の形成機構
    伊藤 晴雄, 生田 信皓
    1991 年 111 巻 5 号 p. 410-416
    発行日: 1991/05/20
    公開日: 2008/07/15
    ジャーナル フリー
    Positive characteristics in the transition region of current-voltage curve from Townsend to glow discharge is investigated. The theory of space charge effect on the positive characteristics is defined through the experimental results on the pd condition and the current density levels. On the other hand, the effect of metastable particles on the positive characteristics of Townsend discharge is proposed from the integrated results concerning the temporal enhancement and suppression of ionization current in N2 gas. The behavior of the metastables is quite consistent with the experimental data for the. appearing conditions on pd, D/d and the kind of gas, and with the mechanism of positive characteristics.
  • 濱田 昌司, 日高 邦彦, 河野 照哉
    1991 年 111 巻 5 号 p. 417-425
    発行日: 1991/05/20
    公開日: 2008/07/15
    ジャーナル フリー
    Both theoretical and experimental analyses of the radiation rates of photon from neutral and ionized molecules were required for estimating electron mean energy, electric field strength and electron density in a plasma through a spectroscopic diagnostics. A modified method for calculating the radiation rate of photon from N2 molecules was developed based on Nishijima's model. The radiation rate was experimentally estimated using the measured radiation intensity together with the information of electric field strength and the electron density distribution. The calibration of the specrtoscopic diagnostics was realized by comparing the theoretical and experimental results obtained from the two methods.
    The spectroscopic measurements of the radiation from the second positive system and the first positive system in N2 spectra and the first negative system in N2+ spectra were made in the positive column appearing in DC glow discharge under the conditions of 0.2-1.5 Torr in pressure and -3 mA in current. Electric field was measured by using a probe technique and the distribution of electron density was theoretically estimated by using modified positive column theory. In the proposed theory, the concept was based on Allis's theory and the swarm parameters derived from analyzing the Boltzman equation was effectively used. The theoretical value of electric field strength and electron density agree well with the experimental value measured by the probe and spectroscopic technique. From the fact, the validity of the theory was confirmed.
  • 藤原 民也, 山田 弘
    1991 年 111 巻 5 号 p. 426-431
    発行日: 1991/05/20
    公開日: 2008/07/15
    ジャーナル フリー
    The present paper describes the discharge development in He, H2, N2 and SF6 under the induced toroidal electric field. The discharge tube is a torus with a major radius of 6.5cm and a minor radius of 1.5cm. The electron avalanche velocities have been measured by using the photomultipliers and the electrostatic probes in 87V/cm at pressures of O.2-6.3Torr. The velocities are regarded as being in agreement with electron drift velocity within the experimental errors. The formative time lags to the final breakdown have been measured in 92-153V/cm at pressures of 0.1 -0.7Torr. In the pressure region whose the formative time lags are small, the lags are 1.5-3.0 times as large as the time necessary for avalanche to complete a circuit of the torus.
  • イオン注入による方法
    藤井 寛一, 中村 英樹, 岡野 〓志
    1991 年 111 巻 5 号 p. 432-439
    発行日: 1991/05/20
    公開日: 2008/07/15
    ジャーナル フリー
    Direct modulation of He-Cd+ white-light laser which utilizes the negative glow for laser pumping was investigated. We proposed unique three methods for this aim in the previous paper and in this paper the second method which utiliges an ion beam injection into the negative glow is reported. Expected results were obtained by this means. The principle of modulation by ion beam injection, the design method of a laser tube for this aim and major experimental results are described. The conclusions obtained from this investigation are summarized as follows.
    (1) The green and blue laser outputs were modulated by the injection of ion beams which were accelerated in the adjacent chamber.
    (2) The endoergic charge transfer expected first, was not verified, but the effect of ion beam injection can be explained by considering the change of the space charge density and plasma impedance by the ion beam injection.
    (3) The constant current characteristic was observed by the ion beam injection even in the pure He, discharge thereby the mechanism of the space charge field which was strengthened by the residence of ions was verified.
  • 原 雅則, 末廣 純也, 山本 謙治郎
    1991 年 111 巻 5 号 p. 440-445
    発行日: 1991/05/20
    公開日: 2008/07/15
    ジャーナル フリー
    DC corona discharge in gaseous helium under non-uniform electric fields down to 4.2K at atmospheric pressure has been investigated. Although helium is a non-electro negative gas, a negative pulse corona is observed only near the normal boiling point and then negative breakdown voltage increases remarkably. Positive ion space charge modifies the electric field distribution in the gap space considerably. Criteria for corona inception and positive breakdown preceded by corona are proposed, and their availability is confirmed experimentally. The electric field strength, corona current density and space charge density are measured successfully and are analyzed theoretically using a bias probe method and a numerical field calculation technique. Apparent mobilities of charge carriers generated by positive and negative corona discharge are obtained with these discharge parameters. As a result, it is suggested that major ion species in positive corona is He+, and that an electronic bubble plays an important role in the negative pulse corona development near the normal boiling Point.
  • 奥村 克夫, 柴山 秀雄, 長谷川 光司
    1991 年 111 巻 5 号 p. 446-451
    発行日: 1991/05/20
    公開日: 2008/07/15
    ジャーナル フリー
    Comvination factor of corona pulse generation time is neglected in analog signal processing methods, or affects of electric field due to surface of electrode are shown without quantitative analysis.
    This paper describes relation between effect of surface curvature of electrodes and fluctuation of DC corona discharge measured in sequency domain using discrete Walsh transformation.
    In digital signal processing, both amplitude and time duration of the measured corona pulses are transformed to the signal with the constant value. And after, the signal is transformed by the Walsh sequences regions.
    Corona pulses which are generated from electrodes set up large surface curvature have more wide frequency spectrum than ones of the small curvature. It is clear that surface curvature have an effect of fluctuation from proposing the digital processing by use of the Walsh transformation.
  • 常安 暢, 西嶋 喜代人, 生澤 泰二
    1991 年 111 巻 5 号 p. 452-459
    発行日: 1991/05/20
    公開日: 2008/07/15
    ジャーナル フリー
    Discharge phenomena in positive rod to plane air gaps under lightning impulse and DC voltages have been investigated. Under impulse voltages, the 50% flashover voltage V50 agrees with the 50% corona inception voltage for the gap shorter than dc which depends upon the rod diameter φ. V50 at dc rises with dc at a rate of about 14kV/cm for dc<2.8cm(φ<1.5cm), whereas, it rises at a rate of about 5kV/cm for dc>2.8cm(φ>2cm). Experimental results show that the flashover process in the former region (Gp process) is different from that in the latter region (Lp process). Under DC voltages, the critical gap length, for which the first corona may lead to flashover with no successing corona, corresponds to dc. In the gap shorter than dc flashover occures through Gp or Lp process, but in the gap longer than dc, flashover may occur through another process which can not be seen under impulse voltages.
    The present paper describes these flashover characteristics and processes with experimental results on the basis of photographic observation with an image converter camera.
  • 西嶋 喜代人, 生澤 泰二, 常安 暢
    1991 年 111 巻 5 号 p. 460-466
    発行日: 1991/05/20
    公開日: 2008/07/15
    ジャーナル フリー
    Two method using two impulse voltages with a variable pause time between each impulses has been used to investigate the effects of the residual plasma and discharge products made from the first impulse corona discharge with no flashover on the breakldown voltage of the second impulse in a point to plane air gap. The two impulse voltages with each different polarity and the pause time being adjusted in the range from 1 to 105ms was applied to the point of the electrode arrangement with the gap spacing of 1cm at the pressure of 750Torr.
    From the results for the flashover characteristics of the breakdown voltage-pause time curve, it was found that the breakdown voltages were dependent on the pause time and polarity of the applied voltage wave and the diameter of the point electrode. Also, the discharge phenomena of breakdown processes corresponding to these flashover characteristics were observed in detail with an image converter camera. With such observed results of the breakdown processes, the discharge mechanism was correlated with the flashover characteristics.
  • 東 學, 内田 智至, 鈴木 長利, 藤井 寛一
    1991 年 111 巻 5 号 p. 467-473
    発行日: 1991/05/20
    公開日: 2008/07/15
    ジャーナル フリー
    The exhaust gas from a diesel engine is one of the causes of the air pollusion. It is the most important subject required at this moment to eliminate the NOx components as well as soot simultaneously from the point of view of suppressing the air pollusion.
    In the last one decade, we have been investigating about the reduction of NOx and COx by using discharge plasmas, obtaining reasonable results, but no useful means has been developed about the elimination of the soot. Very recently, however, we have successfully developped a new technique for the elimination of NOx and soot simultaneously by the combination of discharge plasma and oil dynamics. 100% of soot and 80% of NOx can be eliminated by our new technique.
    In this paper, the principle of new technique and major results are described, the effect of oil to the NOx and soot elimination is analyzed by the electromagnetic theory, and some subjects for further investigation are suggested.
  • 梅村 明弘, 匹田 政幸, 兼子 一重, 水谷 照吉, 家田 正之
    1991 年 111 巻 5 号 p. 474-481
    発行日: 1991/05/20
    公開日: 2008/07/15
    ジャーナル フリー
    Electrical breakdown of polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) films, one of high temperature engineering plastics, has been investigated. The results show that the DC breakdown strength is lower than the impulse one, and that the difference in electric strength between DC and impulse becomes wider as the sample thickness decreases. The result suggests space charge accumulation when DC voltage is applied. For further information, the impulse breakdown strength with DC prestressing voltage is measured in order to discuss the space charge effect. On the basis of the results of the prestress effect on the breakbown, an attempt is made to estimate the amount of space charge accumulated in the spacimen during the DC prestressing.
  • Kazushi Nakano, Ichiro Tsurumi, Motomiki Uchida, Hideo Nakamura
    1991 年 111 巻 5 号 p. 482-489
    発行日: 1991/05/20
    公開日: 2008/07/15
    ジャーナル フリー
    There is an increasing interest in developing computer-aided design (CAD) systems for teaching of modern control theory. The CAD system "CADDIC" is developed for teaching the analysis and design procedures of multivariable digital-control systems mainly based on the eigenvalue-eigenvector assignment approach. This CAD system is being tailored for a wide range of personal computers such as the PC-9801 that operates on MS-DOS. It is coded in BASIC, and its I/O part in C language. From the educational point of view, it is important that the effectiveness of the CAD system should be demonstrated through real-time control experiments. For this purpose, design results are applied to the stabilization control of an inverted pendulum with a roller.
  • 小林 正典
    1991 年 111 巻 5 号 p. 490-491
    発行日: 1991/05/20
    公開日: 2008/07/15
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 曽江 武司, 本橋 光也, 本間 和明
    1991 年 111 巻 5 号 p. 492-493
    発行日: 1991/05/20
    公開日: 2008/07/15
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 吉田 公策
    1991 年 111 巻 5 号 p. 494-495
    発行日: 1991/05/20
    公開日: 2008/07/15
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 勝野 泰, 河崎 善一郎, 松浦 虔士
    1991 年 111 巻 5 号 p. 496-497
    発行日: 1991/05/20
    公開日: 2008/07/15
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 伊藤 晴雄, 山梨 浩樹, 生田 信皓
    1991 年 111 巻 5 号 p. 498-499
    発行日: 1991/05/20
    公開日: 2008/07/15
    ジャーナル フリー
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