IEEJ Transactions on Fundamentals and Materials
Online ISSN : 1347-5533
Print ISSN : 0385-4205
ISSN-L : 0385-4205
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Volume 135, Issue 12
Displaying 1-15 of 15 articles from this issue
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Special Issue on Instrumentation and Measurement Technology for Supporting a Smarter Society
Special Issue Paper
  • Development of Preselected Millimeter-wave Spectrum Analyzer
    Masaaki Fuse, Hanako Noda, Yukiyasu Kimura, Takashi Kawamura, Akihito ...
    2015 Volume 135 Issue 12 Pages 729-735
    Published: December 01, 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: December 01, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejfms.135.729
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    Recently, Millimeter-wave band is becoming more important in next-generation wireless application, such as automotive radar, IEEE802.11ad, mobile backhaul (5G wireless system). This report shows the advantage of preselected millimeter-wave spectrum analyzer through the measurement results. Moreover, we measured a 120 GHz QPSK modulation wave to demonstrate the effectiveness of this system with pre-selector.
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  • Frequency Tuning Range Expansion for the Millimeter-wave Band Tunable Filter
    Takashi Kawamura, Akihito Otani
    2015 Volume 135 Issue 12 Pages 736-742
    Published: December 01, 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: December 01, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejfms.135.736
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    For the realization of the smart community, the IoT and sensor technology in the millimeter-wave band is necessary. The development of these technologies requires accurate spectrum analysis in the frequency domain over 100 GHz. A tunable pre-selection filter is a key device in building such a spectrum analyzer. In this paper, we propose use of a ridge waveguide to achieve frequency tuning over a wider bandwidth. In addition, we demonstrate an example design and prototype for a filter with a relative bandwidth of 38 % (75 GHz to 110 GHz) and 32 % (78.1 GHz to 107.5 GHz) respectively.
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  • New Estimation Method of Millimeter-wave Power by Dealing Optical Power
    Yukiyasu Kimura, Shigeo Arai, Akihito Otani
    2015 Volume 135 Issue 12 Pages 743-748
    Published: December 01, 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: December 01, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejfms.135.743
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    This report is regarding to a new measurement method of a millimeter-wave using optical power. A calorie meter conventionally has been used to measure the millimeter-wave power above 100 GHz, which has high temperature dependence, and therefore finds the difficulty of small power measurement. To overcome this difficulty, we propose the new method to estimate millimeter-wave power by measuring optical power of optical 2-tone signals. This proposed method has low temperature dependence due to optical power, and therefore makes the small power of the above millimeter-wave enable. The principle and the estimation methods of this new method, and its experimental methods and results are explained. Noble results show that the difference between estimated and experiment value is maximally 0.99 dB at 110 GHz, the measurement possibility of frequency extending more than 170 GHz is referred to.
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  • Proposal of the Anomaly Detection Method of Live-alone by LOF using Multiple Sensors
    Taiyo Matsumura, Ippei Kamihira, Katsuma Ito, Takashi Ono
    2015 Volume 135 Issue 12 Pages 749-755
    Published: December 01, 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: December 01, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejfms.135.749
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    Solitary death by the aging society in Japan has become a serious problem. Therefore, the construction of protection system which single people can live safely is required. This study, using multiple sensors so that watch the live action of the single person, it is judged abnormal conditions such as poor physical and fall accident, is intended to construct a system that notifies the relatives or third parties. In this paper, we propose a method for detecting an abnormality in a short time by using the Local Outlier Factor which is density-based outlier detection.
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  • Real-time Measurement of Reflection Wavelength of Fiber Bragg Gratings with Tunable Wavelength-swept Light Source
    Tatsuya Yamaguchi, Yukitaka Shinoda
    2015 Volume 135 Issue 12 Pages 756-761
    Published: December 01, 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: December 01, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejfms.135.756
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    The objective of this research is to construct a structural health monitoring system that can determine the soundness of a structure. We have constructed a system that measures the reflection wavelength of fiber Bragg gratings (FBG) with a wavelength-swept light source that has a variable sweeping frequency. This paper describes the development of a flexible system in which the temporal resolution of measurement can be set arbitrarily down to 0.2 ms and demonstrates that the system is capable of measuring the reflection wavelengths of multiple FBG at high speed over long periods of time.
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  • Objective Evaluation of Subjective Complexity by Change in Oxygented Hemoglobin Concentration and Hemodynamics
    Shizuka Bando, Akio Nozawa, Yasuyuki Matsuya
    2015 Volume 135 Issue 12 Pages 762-767
    Published: December 01, 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: December 01, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejfms.135.762
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    The objective of this study is to objectively evaluate the subjective complexity by change in oxygenated hemoglobin and hemodynamics for the developing the relief method of stress based on improving preference by subjective complexity. The change in oxygenated hemoglobin concentration (ΔoxyHb) and hemodynamic parameters as physiological indices and psychological intensity as psychological indices were measured when performing the four auditory stimuli repeatedly. As a result, comfort and subjective complexity indicated the inverted “U” shape function. The tendency of the correlation between ΔoxyHb and subjective complexity was categorized into three main types. Significant differences of stress coping were found by hemodynamics. It was clarified that physiological responses to subjective complexity were assessable objectively.
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Paper
  • Analysis of Dislocation Structures in 4H-SiC by Synchrotron X-ray Topography
    Hirofumi Matsuhata, Hirotaka Yamaguchi, Takashi Sekiguchi, Bin Chen, M ...
    2015 Volume 135 Issue 12 Pages 768-779
    Published: December 01, 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: December 01, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejfms.135.768
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    Current 4H-SiC wafers contain certain amount of dislocations, stacking faults and other lattice-defects. These defect structures evolve during various processes for power device fabrication. It is very important to examine evolutions of dislocation structures during power device processes, as well as the effect of dislocations on performances of fabricated power devices. Since lattice defects can be observed at only subsurface regions selectively by Berg-Barrett X-ray topography, we have applied this useful observation technique to 4H-SiC technology to solve various technological issues. Appearances of scratch-like surface morphology after epi-film growth on very flat substrate surface by CMP were examined by this technique, and the mechanism was discussed. Analysis of dislocation structure evolutions during epi-film growth, also basal-plane dislocation glide by recombination of electrons and holes were discussed. Effects of threading screw dislocations on reliability of MOS structures, and on current leakage in pn-junction under reversed bias condition were investigated and discussed. Various important suggestions for 4H-SiC industries were obtained.
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  • Effect of Interlocking Shape on Magnetic Properties of Laminated Ring Cores
    Hiroshi Fujimura, Hiroyoshi Yashiki, Hiroshi Kojima, Taisei Nakayama
    2015 Volume 135 Issue 12 Pages 780-785
    Published: December 01, 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: December 01, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejfms.135.780
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    Less deterioration in magnetic properties of laminated cores, produced in the manufacturing process by automatic interlocking die, is important in order to reduce energy loss in motors. This report evaluates the influences of interlocking shape on magnetic properties of laminated ring cores. Core losses increases because of the deformation around the interlocking protuberances. In the case of annealing for removing stress distortion, the eddy current losses of the core, having circular-flat shaped interlocking, remarkably increase due to the electrically short-circuit between sheets in the interlocking parts. Numerical calculations by considering the short-circuit were performed using finite element method of the electromagnetic field analysis in order to evaluate some interlocking shape factors and so on quantitatively. As a result, core losses could be reduced by narrowing interlocking width or locating the interlocking on a part of the low density of magnetic flux.
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  • Development of Multi Coil Magnetizer for Magnetic Particle Testing of Omnidirectional Crack
    Katsuhiro Fukuoka, Masaki Kobayashi, Tomohiro Ozaki, Yoshiro Oikawa
    2015 Volume 135 Issue 12 Pages 786-791
    Published: December 01, 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: December 01, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejfms.135.786
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    The maximum magnetic flux leakage from a crack is obtained when the magnetic flux is distributed to the longitudinal direction of the crack in the orthogonal direction. In magnetic-particle testing with a yoke method, since we usually cannot predict the direction of the crack to be detected, it is necessary to perform the testing at least two times by changing the direction of magnetization. In a rotating magnetic field type magnetizer using a three-pole coil (a three-phase alternating current), omnidirectional crack can be detected by a single testing. However, the rotating magnetic field becomes no homogeneous distribution at a position far from the center of the magnetizer, and the strong magnetic field is generated in a specific direction. In this research, the multi coil magnetizer that widely obtained uniform rotating field distribution was developed. The distribution of the rotating magnetic flux density on the steel plate was evaluated with a finite element method analysis. In addition, a prototype magnetizer was produced based on the analytical results, and the characteristic was evaluated.
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  • Chemical Analysis of Causal Elements for Deterioration of Cylindrical EDLC
    Hiromu Yoshitama, Daisuke Tashima, Tatsuya Sakoda, Noriyuki Hayashi, M ...
    2015 Volume 135 Issue 12 Pages 792-798
    Published: December 01, 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: December 01, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejfms.135.792
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    Chemical analysis was carried out before and after the constant voltage hold test that was an acceleration deterioration examination to clarify deterioration factors of electric double-layer capacitor (EDLC). The results showed that the stress test slightly caused the increase of internal resistance. It was also confirmed that the range of fluorochemicals was formed on the electrode surface for approximately 10 nm in depth using electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA). From the chemical analysis of the electrolyte using an inductively coupling plasma emission analyzer (ICP-OES), it was confirmed that the electrolyte included silicone which is one of the ingredient elements of an electrode and that the increase in holding voltage in the stress test decreased the silicone density in the electrolyte.
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Letter
  • A Proposal of Teaching Material using Calculator to Induce Cognitive Conflict and its Implementation
    Hiroyuki Shirahama, Takekuni Yamaoka
    2015 Volume 135 Issue 12 Pages 799-800
    Published: December 01, 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: December 01, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejfms.135.799
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    In this paper, we proposed and implemented an example of teaching materials requiring responsible determination to results in numerical simulations through the cognitive conflict. The logistic map is not able to calculate the exact solution in a certain parameter region because of its instability, in spite of the low dimensional map. In this implementation, we let students in upper secondary school trace the root around a fixed point by a simple pocket calculator, step by step. Through the comparison with the static analytical root and the dynamic calculated root, students could explain the relation between a suitable root and calculating conditions. The growth of the proper attitude for calculations/simulations is also quite important from the viewpoint of the education about the scientific attitude.
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  • Estimation of Degree of Oxygen Deficiency of TiO2 from Optical Absorption Spectra
    Takuma Nakano, Noboru Katayama, Sumio Kogoshi
    2015 Volume 135 Issue 12 Pages 801-802
    Published: December 01, 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: December 01, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejfms.135.801
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    It has been shown experimentally that a degree of the oxygen deficiency of TiO2 can be estimated from the peak value of visible-light absorption spectra of TiO2 for low degrees of the oxygen deficiency. TiO2 with a low degree of the oxygen deficiency is important because it shows a photocatalytic activity under visible-light irradiation although it is difficult to measure a low degree of the oxygen deficiency.
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