IEEJ Transactions on Industry Applications
Online ISSN : 1348-8163
Print ISSN : 0913-6339
ISSN-L : 0913-6339
Volume 113, Issue 1
Displaying 1-17 of 17 articles from this issue
  • Shinichi Yamada
    1993 Volume 113 Issue 1 Pages 1-8
    Published: January 20, 1993
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Mituhiko Araki
    1993 Volume 113 Issue 1 Pages 9-13
    Published: January 20, 1993
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Takeshi Furuhashi, Yoshihisa Ito, Yoshiki Uchikawa
    1993 Volume 113 Issue 1 Pages 14-22
    Published: January 20, 1993
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    There have been growing demands for high performance in current control of PWM inverters. Digital current controls are becoming dominant in the current controllers of the PWM inverters due to the rapid progress of microprocessor technologies. But the performances of the digital current controllers are degraded by changes of load impedances and delay necessary for calculation of the controllers. The authors proposed a digital current controller for a PWM inverter using a neural network. The new controller could compensate the delay necessary for the calculation and tune the gains of the controller to optimal ones. Stability of the learning of the neural network, however, was not guaranteed in case where the load impedances of the inverter were not exactly known.
    This paper presents a method to guarantee the stability of the learning of the neural network. The Lyapunov method is used and the stability condition for the learning rate of the neural network is clarified. Simulations and experiments are done to verify the analytic results.
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  • Akihiko Iwata, Kouichi Suzuki, Shigeo Ueguri
    1993 Volume 113 Issue 1 Pages 23-32
    Published: January 20, 1993
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A CVL (Copper Vapor Laser)-MOPA (Master Oscillator Power Amplifier) chain driven by semiconductor pulse generators has been developed.
    The CVL-MOPA is composed of a small bore CVL oscillator of good beam quality and three large bore CVL amplifiers driven by semiconductor pulse generators. The semiconductor pulse generator is constructed with 30-series and 100-parallel connection of power MOSFETs and has a maximum rating of 25kV, 2, 000 A. The semiconductor pulse generators reduce the jitter between output lights of amplifier from 8 ns to 2 ns. An output power of 275W is obtained with the CVLMOPA chain driven by the semiconductor pulse generators.
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  • F.Z. Peng, Masakazu Kohata, Hirofumi Akagi
    1993 Volume 113 Issue 1 Pages 33-40
    Published: January 20, 1993
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Active power filters have been used in practice to suppress the harmonic interference in power systems. To compensate for harmonic currents of loads active power filters are usually connected to power systems in parallel with the loads. These filters which are called shunt active filters here are very effective to loads that can be considered as current sources, such a thyristor rectifiers with large DC reactances. Many papers have covered the shunt active filters applied to these currentsource loads. No paper, however, has discussed characteristics of the shunt active filters when they are applied to voltage-source loads.
    On the other hand, since more and more diode rectifiers with capacitive DC filters are used recently, harmonics generated by which become an issue.The diode rectifier with capacitive DC filters behaves like a voltage source rather than a current source. When a shunt active filter is applied to such a diode rectifier, the current injected from the shunt active filter may flow into the diode rectifier. As a result, harmonics of the source current cannot be reduced effectively, and harmonic current flowing into the diode rectifier increases largely.
    This paper reveals the above-mentioned problem of shunt active filters analytically and experimentally. Then a series active filter is proposed to suppress harmonic current of the diode rectifiers. The features, operating conditions, and considerations of shunt active filters and series active filters are described analytically and demonstrated experimentally. Taking a diode rectifier with capacitive DC filter as a typical voltage-source load, compensation characteristics of shunt active filters and series active filters are discussed by experiment and simulation. The validity of the series active filters is illustrated experimentally.
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  • Satoshi Ogasawara, Tadashi Sawada, Hirofumi Akagi
    1993 Volume 113 Issue 1 Pages 41-48
    Published: January 20, 1993
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A neutral-point-clamped voltage source inverter (NPC-VSI), which is one of double series connected inverters, is able to output 5 level step-shaped line to line voltage without output transformers or reactors, thus reducing harmonic currents. The NPC-VSI is suitable to high voltage applications, because the required voltage rating of the switching devices used in the NPC-VSI is only 1/2 of the DC link voltage. However, the DC link voltage may be applied to the switching devices in the worst case if the potential of neutral point the DC link varies because of the flow-in or flow-out of the neutral point current.
    In this paper, the authors discuss the variation of the neutral point potential theoretically, and propose a suppression method of the variation. This is based on the control of a zero-sequence voltage that is a voltage difference between the center of the DC link and the neutral point of a load. The analysis is done for the vector control drive system of an induction machine without or with the proposed suppression method. Consequently, it is shown that the variation of the potential can be completely suppressed by the method except for a special operating condition. Moreover, the relation between the potential variation and the capacity of the DC capacitor is clarified to lead to the desing of the DC capacitor.
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  • Seung Hak Yang, Satoki Takizawa, Seiji Kondo, Fumio Harashima
    1993 Volume 113 Issue 1 Pages 49-56
    Published: January 20, 1993
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A resonant power couverter for the low switching loss power conversion must be achieved high frequency zero voltage switching or zero current switching. The important matters of the continuation of resonant phenomena the control strategy of resonant initial current and the clamp circuit for suppressing the resonant link voltage.
    We discuss the control strategy of the resonant initial current and show the powering and regenerative operation successfully in the steady state and transient state by experimental test.
    And, we propose a new resonant DC link dual converter system and confirm that the voltage stress of the resonant capacitor and the rms value of electrolytic capacitor current are decreased with experimental test also.
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  • Tsuyoshi Funaki, Noriyuki Kimura, Kenji Matsu-ura
    1993 Volume 113 Issue 1 Pages 57-64
    Published: January 20, 1993
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Conventional converter used in an HV DC system needs line volatge to turn off the current flowing through a thyristor or a mercury-arc valve. Hence HV DC system cannot supply electric power to the system which has no AC source, such as a generator or a synchronous condenser, or HV DC system has some difficulties to operate with the weak system. Conventional solution of avoiding these problems is installation of large capacity synchronous condensers, which needs considerable costs of construction and maintenance. Another solution is application of forced commutation converter. The recent development of high power and high frequency semiconductor devicees with fast gate turn-off ability (e. g. GTO's and SI thyristors) suggests the application of voltage source type forced commutation converter (VSFC) to an HV DC system. To ensure the promising characteristics of overall system, more investigation is, of course, necessary. We have been investigated performance of DC transmission into remote load-only system without AC source by means of computer simulation. In many runs of simulation program of HV DC system using VSFC, we noticed that long sutaining oscillation of DC line current and DC voltage occurs when large disturbance is applied. And the performance is worse when series DC reactance (DCL) is installed to suppress higher harmonics of DC line current. For improving the performance of HV DC system using VSFC, we investigated to install the L-R parallel damper circuit in series of DC transmission line. Simulation results when DCL and L-R damper are installed in series show that suppression of higher harmonics is as effective as installation of DCL only and the damping of oscillation is also substantial to improve the dynamic performance of whole system.
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  • Ryozo Itoh, Kouichi Ishizaka
    1993 Volume 113 Issue 1 Pages 65-71
    Published: January 20, 1993
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    This paper presents three-phase current-source rectifier, which is based on the cascade combination of buck-boost and buck DC-DC converters and has the step-up and step-down characteristics of output current, whereas the conventional current-source rectifiers have no step-up characteristics. The introduction of pulsewidth modulation makes it possible to obtain the widely controllable output current and to sinusoidally waveshape the supply currents with a near unity power factor. Three insulated-gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs) provide the necessary control over the currents for unidirectional power flow. To countract the oscillatory transient operations with single-loop output current feedback, the tested system includes the minor loop for the current in flyback inductor. The controllability of the output current is examined for the variation in its reference. The experimental results and state-space simulations for steady-state and transient conditions confirm the relevance of the presented configuration as an useful rectifier with near unity power factor sinusoidal supply currents and satisfactory output current regulation.
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  • Kiyoharu Tagawa, Yuzo Ohta, Hidetaka Maki, Hiromasa Haneka
    1993 Volume 113 Issue 1 Pages 72-78
    Published: January 20, 1993
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In this paper, we consider the implementation of real-time digital controller under multi-DSP's environment. Proposed is a new configuration of multi-DSP system and parallel processing scheme which possibly shorten the sampling period under minimum throughput time for the digital controller. We formulate the schenduling problem of the multi-DSP system to realize the given control law as a difference equation, and derive a reasonable solution of the problem. We also illustrate a concrete hardware configuration of the multi-DSP system. Then we show that the multi-DSP system successfully avoid data collision by using bus buffers and the suitable scheduling for DSPs. In the discussion of memory allocation and management, we propose the way to conserve the data struture without moving any data in the memory. Finally, we evaluate the proposed multi-DSP system compared wiht the other multi-DSP system in an application. The proposed methods can be applied to general DSPs, and examples are given for particular DSP, TMS 320 C 25.
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  • Jin-Hua She, Michio Nakano
    1993 Volume 113 Issue 1 Pages 79-86
    Published: January 20, 1993
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In positioning control systems, the reference input is frequently given as periodic functions of the rotational angle of the spindle. To obtain high precision, it is very effective to design a repetitive controller in ‘time domain’ while the spindle is rotating ideally. However, disturbances caused by the spindle structure and machining, which are dependent on the rotational angle, will result in rotational speed fluctuations of the spindle, and this will hinder all efforts to improve the precision of such systems.
    This paper proposes a systematic approach in ‘angle domain’ to design a control system when the rotational speed of the spindle is fluctuated by the rotational angle dependent disturbances. A model in ‘angle domain’ is obtained as a linear periodic model by introducing a transformation from ‘time domain’ into ‘angle domain’. Focusing on it, a repetitive controller is designed in ‘angle domain’ as to trace a periodic reference input in ‘angle domain’ and eliminate the effects of such rotational speed fluctuations of the spindle. And a repetitive ripple-free deadbeat controller is designed to obtain a desired transient response.
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  • Adel Gastli, Makoto Iwasaki, Nobuyuki Matsui
    1993 Volume 113 Issue 1 Pages 87-95
    Published: January 20, 1993
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The vector controlled induction motor has been widely used for variable speed drive systems and its application fields are expanding. In these application fields, drive systems without various sensors are expected to be realized from a simplicity and reliability standpoint.
    The paper presents a new type of sensor-less vector controlled Induction Motor (IM), that is, the secondary flux controlled IM without a speed and a voltage sensors. Since the original secondary flux control does not have a direct current loop which is commonly used in the conventional vector control, the proposed sensor-less algorithm is based on the current control error caused by an estimation error of speed. The proposed system only requires a current detector, and whole control processing including the vector control and the speed estimation is performed by a software using DSP-TM S 32010 within 99 μs. The experimental result showed the steady state speed control range of 1:30 under rated load and of 1:100 under no load conditions, respectively. Moreover, an adaptive operation to the unknown mechanical parameter using a learning process was introduced and, as a result, the specified speed transient characteristics were realized.
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  • Tsutomu Mizuno, Shigeru Yamamoto, Hajime Yamada
    1993 Volume 113 Issue 1 Pages 96-102
    Published: January 20, 1993
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    This paper deals with the kinetic behavior of linear motion bearings applied a permanent magnet type linear synchronous motor (LSM). It is neccessary to make clear normal force characteristics of the LSM, because the normal force acts on the bearings and influences the life time of the bearings. Static thrust and normal force characteristics of the LSM were investigated from both sides of theory and experiment, and the nominal life of the bearings was investigated through the experimental transit The results are as follows:
    (1) The static thrust is 450 N, and the normal force is 2.9 kN at exciting current 8.8A. The normal force increases in proportion to exciting current, and shows constant value for displacement. The error of calculated value through finite element method is found within 20% of measured value of normal force.
    (2) The acceleration arising from the bearings themselves is over 50m/S2. The maximum variable load generated by the acceleration reaches to 1.1 kN, and namely the ratio of the variable load is equal to 38% of the normal force.
    (3) The nominal life of the bearings is calculated in 4, 100km with empirical load factor. In the test for durability, the LSM is driven in reciprocating motion at maximum speed 2m/s, stroke length of 800mm. The distance of the test with periodic lubrication has been found over 16, 000km. It will be necessary to reconsider the load factor of the linear motion bearings.
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  • Haruo Koharagi, Kazuo Tahara, Mitsuhiro Nitobe, Tetsuo Etoo, Nobutaka ...
    1993 Volume 113 Issue 1 Pages 103-112
    Published: January 20, 1993
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    DC machines are used for many purposes because their rotor speed can be controlled easily. However, large DC motors such as those for driving rolling mills have often a problem called nospark zone drift between base and top speed. In such case, No-spark communtation is kept with the aid of an external commutation compensating apparatus, i.e. a diverter. It is desirable to omit this external apparatus, because it requires more space and maintenance.
    Then, we invented new interpole structure to achieve a driftless no-spark zone for DC motors without the diverter, and their usefulness was confirmed by analysis and experiments. The form of the interpole structure and the compensating principle of the no-spark zone drift with diverterless DC motors are described ther. We clarified particular emphasis in order to obtain the effects of the structure for a 2, 000kW DC motor.
    We applied the interpole structure to the machines rated from 470kW to 2, 900kW. We confirmed that these DC machines were able to compensate for no-spark zone drift singly without the diverter, and they had improved rotor speed regulation for a weak field. The measured reults were shown to have good agreement with the analytical results.
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  • Minoru Tomita, Manabu Matsuo, Genjiro Wakui, Gin'ichi Watanabe
    1993 Volume 113 Issue 1 Pages 113-119
    Published: January 20, 1993
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In the design of the hysteresis motor, the selection of the optimum magnetic characteristics of the rotor ring is one of the most important problems. In general, this selection is determined by the condition of the magnetic characteristics that the efficiency of the motor becomes maximum. As the selection methods reported so far, the copper loss of the stator has been considered but the iron loss has not.
    In this paper, on the condition that the operating flux density of the rotor is constant regardless of Hc of the materials, the optimum magnetic characteristics of the rotor have been selected by means of the equivalent circuit of the circumferential-flux type hysteresis motor considering the iron loss and copper loss of the stator.
    The results of the optimum magnetic characteristics that this paper has predicted are compared with the experimental data of the sample motors. It has turned out that the two results are in good agreement.
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  • Daiki Ebihara, Masaya Watada, Takahiko Kasugai
    1993 Volume 113 Issue 1 Pages 120-125
    Published: January 20, 1993
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    This paper describes the permanent magnet single-winding LOA in terms of its structure, static thrust characteristics, frequency characteristics, temperature characteristics, and other features as shown in experiment results, and also describes the LOA's high output based on magnetic field analysis. We applied structural analysis to design a high-power version of a single-winding LOA that is structurally simple enough to be used in artificial heart actuators.
    We compared calculated results from static thrust characteristic analysis with measured statistics obtained from a prototype LOA. This analysis of static thrust characteristics used the FEM (Finite Element Method) for the analytical to obtain the static thrust characteristics from the distribution of magnetic flux density at the air gap center by application of Maxwell's stress law.
    After making and testing a prototype LOA, we found that the LOA's static thrust characteristics achieved the values intended in the design.
    We also determined, at the laboratory level, that the LOA's frequency characteristics show that the LOA can obtain the required frequencies.
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  • Tadashi Fukami, Koji Taka, Toshio Miyamoto
    1993 Volume 113 Issue 1 Pages 126-127
    Published: January 20, 1993
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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