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Volume 120, Issue 2
Displaying 1-20 of 20 articles from this issue
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The Outline of The Saving Energy Technique to Protect The Global Environment in the Industrial WorldTakeji Toyoda2000 Volume 120 Issue 2 Pages 163-168
Published: February 01, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (1570K) -
Analysis of externally-coupled transcutaneous transformer for a totally-implantable artificial heartKenji Shiba, Eimei Shu, Kohji Koshiji2000 Volume 120 Issue 2 Pages 169-175
Published: February 01, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper reports on an analysis and design the externally-coupled transcutaneous transformer (ECT) for a totally-implantable artificial heart (TAH). Although the primary coil used ouside the body is closely wound on the ferrite core, the secondary one inside the body is loosely wound on the core in order to easily attach to the body. It is difficult to accurately analyze and design the ECT because of such a different structure from general transformers. In this paper, assuming that the leakage inductance of the secondary coil caused by the loose winding is approximately equal to that without the ferrite core, we analyze and design the ECT. As a result, we found that the characteristics obtained from the analysis agreed fairy well with those from measurement, the optimum turn ratio of primary and secondary coils was 10:10, and the DC-to-DC and AC-to-AC energy transmission efficiencies were 88% and 98.5%, respectively. It is concluded that the approximate analysis and design of the ECT described in this paper is valid, and the desinged ECT shows sufficiently high performance for a TAH.View full abstractDownload PDF (2437K) -
Satoshi Hamada, Junming Sun, Mutsuo Nakaoka2000 Volume 120 Issue 2 Pages 176-184
Published: February 01, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper presents a novel half-bridge asymmetrical PWM DC-DC power converter based on the transformer secondary-side saturable-reactor assisted zero-voltage soft-switching principle, which can efficiently operate under conditions of stable zero voltage soft-switching PWM scheme for a widely-regulated load range as well as reduced conduction losses. The principle of steady-state converter operation is illustrated including its approximate circuit analysis. Moreover, a 200KHz-150W prototype soft-switching PWM power converter with a high-frequency transformer link is implemented and evaluated to demonstrate its practical effectiveness on the unique operating performances mentioned above.View full abstractDownload PDF (4182K) -
Seiki Igarashi, Yoshitaka Nishimura, Toshihisa Shimizu, Gunji Kimura2000 Volume 120 Issue 2 Pages 185-192
Published: February 01, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRecently, high frequency switching strategies are being increasingly used in many converter systems. However, high frequency EMI noise caused by high dv/dt or di/dt transition in the high frequency switching action adversely affects many electric systems. In response, many kinds of study for solving this EMI problem have been reported. In this paper, a novel noise reduction method combined with soft-switching topology and a series connected common mode transformer is proposed. By using the proposed noise reduction method, the numerical expression of the common mode current can be derived from a simple equivalent circuit, and thus the common mode current without an oscillatory component can be investigated easily. Furthermore, the operational region of reducing EMI noise is expected to expand to much higher frequency compared with that of the method which utilities some active components, such as transistors, because the proposed method uses only some passive components having excellent characteristics at high frequency region. Based on the root locus theory, the optimum circuit parameters are calculated to effectively reduce the EMI noise.View full abstractDownload PDF (1440K) -
Takeshi Mizuma, Satoru Sone2000 Volume 120 Issue 2 Pages 193-198
Published: February 01, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAt present, many kinds of new transportation systems have been developing and some were used as practical urban traffic systems in Japan. But, these developments are not necessarily contributed to the solution of urban traffic problems. Therefore, this research and study that aim to grasp the characteristics and the adaptability of new transportation systems and to evaluate the suitability of these system applications quantitatively have been started. We show the evaluation of suitableness of transportation system applications to the model routes by AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process). Moreover, by using the same technologies, changes in traffic demand and in transportation share ratio are calculated when a new system is introduced into a region already being served by other systems.View full abstractDownload PDF (3361K) -
Katsuji Shinohara, Takashi Nagano, Hiroki Arima, W. Zaidi W. Mustafa2000 Volume 120 Issue 2 Pages 199-205
Published: February 01, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe vector control of the induction motor is widely used. This method needs accurate motor parameter but the stator and rotor resistance vary due to motor temperature variation. If value of resistance in the controller can be set up accurately at first, there must be difference between reference and real value of torque because of drift of resistance. It is necessary to adapt resistance value. The indirect field oriented control of an induction motor requires value of rotor resistance only, but the direct field oriented control method with rotor flux observer requires value of not only rotor resistance but also stator resistance in the controller. And, consequently it is necessary to adapt both of stator resistance and rotor resistance. Parameter adaptation scheme has been proposed for the direct field oriented control method with rotor flux observer so far, but this method can not use on condition that the motor is in regenerating operation. In this paper, a new stator and rotor resistance adaptation scheme is proposed, which can be applyed on condition that the motor is in regenerating operation. The propriety of the proposed adaptation scheme is proved by simulation.View full abstractDownload PDF (1573K) -
Fan Jiang, Hiromitsu Ohmori, Akira Sano, Hiroyuki Tsuji2000 Volume 120 Issue 2 Pages 206-215
Published: February 01, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper is concerned with adaptive active noise control of a multichannel system which involves a multiple number of primary sources, reference microphones, secondary control sources and canceling error microphones. First, on the assumption that the secondary path response matrices are known a priori, we give a structure of a multi-channel adaptive feedforward controller and propose a stability guaranteed robust adaptive algorithm with variable step size for updating the FIR type of controllers. Secondly, in cases of unknown secondary path matrices, we also present two identification-based adaptive algorithms for realizing controllers preserving the stability of the adaptive system. The effectiveness is examined by comparing the proposed algorithms with ordinary filtered-x algorithm through active noise control experiments.View full abstractDownload PDF (1507K) -
Takashi Kosaka, Kiyoe Ochiai, Nobuyuki Matsui2000 Volume 120 Issue 2 Pages 216-222
Published: February 01, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAmong various variable speed drives, Switched Reluctance Motors (SRM) have been found competitive with traditional ac and dc motors because of their simple motor construction and drive electronics. However, the necessity of shaft-mounted position sensor is one of the drawbacks of SRM from the standpoint of cost, size and reliability. The position sensorless drives of SRM are expected to solve the problems.
This paper presents position sensorless control based on a simple fuzzy model of non-linear position-dependent magnetizing curves. The necessary sensors for this drive are one voltage sensor and one current sensor. The experimental studies using 1.5kW, 5, 400 rpm SRM with 6/4 teeth configuration show that the maximum error of rotor position estimation is less than 3 mechanical degrees in the 1:20 speed range under the any load condition.View full abstractDownload PDF (1390K) -
Yoshihiko Kinpara, Masato Koyama2000 Volume 120 Issue 2 Pages 223-229
Published: February 01, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the recent years, many speed sensorless control method with adaptive observer of induction motor have been developed. The feedback gain of observer is designed from the responsive viewpoint of the error convergence. When we drive induction motor in the low speed region with each method, the control characteristic is deteriorated. In this paper, we give the design of the speed sensorless adaptive flux observer in the low speed region and propose speed sensorless vector control system with it from the stable viewpoint of the error convergence. And we show experimental results of this method.View full abstractDownload PDF (3835K) -
Takayuki Ouchi, Hiroyuki Fujikawa, Shigeo Masukawa, Shoji Iida2000 Volume 120 Issue 2 Pages 230-239
Published: February 01, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA novel PWM control scheme for the three-phase current source inverter in the photovoltaic power system interconnected to the utility is proposed. The PV-array output power can be adjusted by the modulation factor in the proposed PWM pattern. The harmonic components in the output currents can be decreased sufficiently in order to satisfy the conditions of the Interactive Guideline. Furthermore, a new Maximum Power Point Tracking control is proposed. The inverter output current should be detected and the modulation factor may be controlled so as to obtain the maximum effective current. The inverter output power can be maintained on the Maximum Power Point for the fluctuations of panel temperatures, insolation levels and system voltages.View full abstractDownload PDF (4192K) -
Takaharu Takeshita, Akira Usui, Nobuyuki Matsui2000 Volume 120 Issue 2 Pages 240-247
Published: February 01, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper presents a position sensorless drive of salient-pole PM synchronous motors in all speed ranges including zero speed. Two kinds of position and speed estimation algorithm using the current differences between the actual and the estimated currents are proposed. One is based on the back emf estimation in the medium and high speed ranges. Another is based on the position-dependency of the winding inductances in the low speed ranges including zero speed. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm has been verified by using a 6-pole, 1.5 kW, 1500 rpm test motor. The stable sensorless speed control from zero to 3000 rpm within ± 100% load torque range was achieved.View full abstractDownload PDF (1956K) -
Tung-Hai Chin, Motomu Nakano2000 Volume 120 Issue 2 Pages 248-253
Published: February 01, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRecently, vector controlled synchronous machine has been established as universal servo drive widely used. However, its theoretical achievement is not clear enough and unified for various types of the synchronous machines. This paper tries to give an unified theory for them and gives their vector diagrams for adjustable speed operation in concise form, for the first time, where normalized reactance drop locus plays the important role.View full abstractDownload PDF (1568K) -
Yu Sun, Hiroshi Shibata, Genmon Maruoka2000 Volume 120 Issue 2 Pages 254-261
Published: February 01, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSimplified adaptive control (SAC) scheme has simple structure and is readily implementable to real systems, but few real applications have been reported so far. A discrete-time algorithm for SAC has recently been proposed by one of the authors. Although it solves the problem of unavoidable time delay arising in discretization of continuous-time algorithm, the algorithm generally produces the bounded output error between the controlled plant and the reference model due to a feedforward gain added in parallel to the controlled plant so as to satisfy almost strictly positive real (ASPR) property.
This paper treats the applicability of an SAC algorithm to a real system, that is, the position control of a DC motor with variable load. The algorithm used here is modified, and the feedforward compensator is inserted in parallel not only to the controlled plant, but also to the reference model. The algorithm guarantees that the output error vanishes asymptotically. The control performance is examined by both simulation and the actual system and compared with that of a conventional PID control. These results illustrate satisfactory control performance and verify the applicability of the modified algorithm.View full abstractDownload PDF (1779K) -
Tadashi Egami, Tomoyasu Yoshikawa, Makoto Kurihara2000 Volume 120 Issue 2 Pages 262-268
Published: February 01, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA new path control method with vector decomposition is proposed in the present paper. In the present study, a motion equation of a multi-axis mechatronic servo system in an orthogonal coordinate system is transformed into a rotational coordinate system and the transformed motion equation can be decoupled and decomposed into gain component and phase component. Both the gain component control system and the phase component control system are constructed independently, and then the tracking performance of the gain component control system is made superior to that of the phase component control system. Thus, high performance path control is realized because the effects of disturbances are absorbed by the phase component control system. In the present method, nearly essential path control can be realized using the unity control coefficient over a wide range, from the curved line path reference to the straight line path reference. The proposed control method is applied to multi-axis linear motor tables, and the effectiveness of this method is confirmed experimentally.View full abstractDownload PDF (2426K) -
Shunsaku Koga, Jun-ichi Kitano, Tsuyoshi Nakashima2000 Volume 120 Issue 2 Pages 269-274
Published: February 01, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper deals with the two-degrees-of-freedom control system of Superconducting Maglev train. In the Yamanashi Maglev Test Line, LSM is controlled with the PI control system that is composed of velocity controlled loop and phase locked loop. Over the past two years this control system has had a good performance from high speed to low speed.
From a riding comfortable point of view, we have to improve it at the point of changing acceleration. Generally we reduce the feedback gain of velocity controlled loop to lessen overshoot that is the cause of deterioration of riding comfort. However with this method, not only the characteristics of tracking performance but also the characteristics of disturbance rejection is changed. Running tests have shown the good performance of disturbance rejection, therefor the changing of that performance is not so good. Because of this reason, we apply the two-degrees-of-freedom control system to lessen overshoot. With this system, we are able to adjust the tracking performance apart from disturbance rejection.
In this paper, firstly we report the configuration and basic characteristics of the two-degrees-of-freedom control system and then we show the experimental results at the Yamanashi Maglev Test Line.View full abstractDownload PDF (1120K) -
Carrier Frequency Component Method for Position Sensorless Control of IPM Motor in Lower Speed RangeMamo Mengesha, Jun Oyama, Takashi Abe, Tsuyoshi Higuchi, Eiji Yamada2000 Volume 120 Issue 2 Pages 275-280
Published: February 01, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe Carrier Frequency Component Voltage (CFCV) of a PWM inverter supplying an Interior Permanent Magnet (IPM) motor is used as the rotor position information source. Mathematical expressions relating the rotor position to the CFCV and the corresponding Carrier Frequency Component Current (CFCC) in the motor stator phases are developed. In the lower speed range (up to about 50% of the rated speed) the rotor position has been obtained from the measurement of the CFCC only and has been used to control an IPM motor. The motor speed has been controlled successfully starting from zero speed with excellent performance. Experimental results are presented and discussed. The method is very simple and requires only a few additional electrical components.View full abstractDownload PDF (1657K) -
Shin-ichiro Sakai, Hideo Sado, Yoichi Hori2000 Volume 120 Issue 2 Pages 281-287
Published: February 01, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSNovel wheel skid detection method for electric vehicle (EV) is proposed and experimentally evaluated. This proposed method can detect the skid of wheel with only the values of current and rotating velocity of each motor. Estimation of vehicle chassis velocity or wheel absolute velocity is not required any more, and this is a remarkable advantage over conventional methods for anti skid brake system (ABS) or traction control system (TCS). In this proposed method, skid is detected with the dependence of traction force on motor torque. Traction force is estimated with simple disturbance observer. Therefore, the exact value of shaft input torque is required in this method. It is quite easy for EV, but not so for internal combustion vehicle (ICV). Proposed algorithm is examined with experimental results with laboratory-made electric vehicle “UOT Electric March-I”. These experimental data show the effectiveness of our new skid detection method. Another simulation results show that the skid prevention can be achieved with proposed skid detection method.View full abstractDownload PDF (3249K) -
Tomoki Watanabe, Noriko Fukuda, Satoru Hatsukade2000 Volume 120 Issue 2 Pages 288-296
Published: February 01, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe are developing a linear generator system as an onboard power source for Maglev vehicles. This linear generator system mainly consists of power collecting coils and has a Pulse Width Modulated convertor that functions as an impedance to compensate for reactive power in the generator circuit. The PWM convertor detects only instantaneous currents and realizes unity power factor control with excellent performance. Nevertheless, the measured impedance of the circuit differs from that estimated from the parameters of PWM convertor. The system becomes unstable when we set certain impedance values for the PWM convertor.
We analyzed the control system as a closed loop digital control system and we derived impedance realized in the circuit We also obtained stable areas of impedance and currents from the conditions of stability of digital control system. The analyzed results of stability were in agreement with simulation results.View full abstractDownload PDF (1315K) -
Satoru Takahashi, Takuya Ishioka2000 Volume 120 Issue 2 Pages 297-303
Published: February 01, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper describes a tool for performance analysis and verification of supervisory control systems based on traced information. When verifying large-scale systems in the view of their rolls and functions, analysis of task behaviours is expected rather than that of system resources. The proposed tool aims at task-level understanding by visualizing interaction between tasks. Another feature of the tool is to distinguish unusual traces by identifying frequent trace patterns based on dictionary making in data compressing algorithm. An example to show usefulness of the proposed tool is given.View full abstractDownload PDF (1340K) -
Tadashi Okita2000 Volume 120 Issue 2 Pages 304
Published: February 01, 2000
Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (123K)
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