電気学会論文誌E(センサ・マイクロマシン部門誌)
Online ISSN : 1347-5525
Print ISSN : 1341-8939
ISSN-L : 1341-8939
136 巻, 3 号
選択された号の論文の14件中1~14を表示しています
特集:センサ・マイクロマシン英文特集号
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特集論文
  • Kenichiro Urayama, Koichiro Akahori, Nobuyuki Adachi, Hiroyuki Fujita, ...
    2016 年 136 巻 3 号 p. 44-54
    発行日: 2016/03/01
    公開日: 2016/03/01
    ジャーナル フリー
    This paper reports on the design, fabrication, and measurement results of a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) in the 800-MHz band that uses LC (inductor and capacitor) resonance controlled by a newly developed radio frequency microelectromechanical systems (RF-MEMS) varactor. In the system, a pair of metal-insulator-metal (MIM) capacitors is integrated with an electrostatic actuator made of an electroplated gold layer over a TEMPAXTM substrate. We used an insulator hinge made of Parylene-C for the first time to electrically isolate the switch contact from the electrostatic actuator body, thereby allowing an option to form a series of MIM capacitors. A packaged 2-bit MEMS varactor is operated at 35 Vdc to digitally control the capacitor values in four different states between 0.70 pF and 0.86 pF with a 0.05-pF-step at 1 GHz. A high-Q factor (electrical) of 60 is experimentally confirmed at 1 GHz with the MEMS varactor tuned to 0.86-pF. The VCO circuit was developed using the packaged 2-bit MEMS varactors and surface-mounted devices (SMDs) on a low-loss printed circuit board (PCB), and its free-running frequency controlled between 802 MHz and 822 MHz. It exhibited a low phase noise of -101 dBc/Hz at a 10 kHz offset from the carrier frequency.
  • Yuya Koyama, Michiko Nishiyama, Kazuhiro Watanabe
    2016 年 136 巻 3 号 p. 55-64
    発行日: 2016/03/01
    公開日: 2016/03/01
    ジャーナル フリー
    This paper describes a sports instruction system, with which trainees can be guided on their motions with real-time auditory feedback, by using widely applicable hetero-core fiber optics. Multi-function hetero-core fiber optics are implemented in the forms of shirts, pants, and shoes to make sportswear perceptive for monitoring joint motions, trunk motions, and foot pressures. A wireless mobile device is employed to provide feedback based on motion data received from perceptive sportswear to instruct trainees in important factors of motion for running and golf swings. Real-time feedback has been demonstrated using the developed system with trainees running on a treadmill at a constant speed, in which the trainees are informed of the range of leg motion and the pace for running by listening to the trainer's voice from the mobile device. Additionally, golf swings have also been tested for giving body rotational motions and temporal change of foot pressure to the trainee. As a result, sports motion instructions were successfully achieved using the developed system, with trainees conveniently correcting their motions based on the auditory feedback while playing their respective sport.
  • Akira Kimoto, Rina Kuroomaru
    2016 年 136 巻 3 号 p. 65-71
    発行日: 2016/03/01
    公開日: 2016/03/01
    ジャーナル フリー
    In this paper, the reconstruction of images using a proposed imaging system that can generate both ultrasound and electrical impedance-based images is presented, and a technique for the fusion of these images is proposed. In the proposed system, piezoelectric transducers (PZTs), which are generally used for ultrasound imaging, are also used for electrical impedance imaging. Ultrasonic time-of-flight measurements were performed using several combinations of PZTs, and electrical impedance measurements were also performed using the front surface electrodes of those PZTs. From the data acquired, the ultrasonic and electrical properties of the same space were reconstructed using the proposed imaging system. In the experiments, images using both the electrical and ultrasonic properties were reconstructed using the proposed system, and the usefulness of the system was illustrated by the fusion of these images, although the spatial and electrical conductivity resolutions of the system and the data numbers for the time-of-flight measurements were insufficient.
  • Kohei Yamaguchi, Takayuki Fujita, Kensuke Kanda, Kazusuke Maenaka
    2016 年 136 巻 3 号 p. 72-76
    発行日: 2016/03/01
    公開日: 2016/03/01
    ジャーナル フリー
    This paper demonstrates an improvement in the generated power of a NdFeB electromagnetic vibration energy harvester by optimizing the device dimensions considering a mass-damper-spring system and the Lorentz force. The electromagnetic harvester follows a velocity-damped-resonant-generator (VDRG) model. When the electrical and mechanical attenuation coefficients are equivalent and the device is operated at a resonant state, the maximum power will be obtained. In this paper, we simulated and optimized the power generation considering a mass-damper-spring structure and the Lorentz force. From our simulation results, we determined an optimal design for 100 Hz and 3 µmp-p of sinusoidal external vibration to generate 0.42 µW of power from the device with a 10 × 10 × 0.5 mm3 active harvesting area and 50 of Q-factor. This exhibits power that is 43 times larger than the previous design.
  • Tasuku Nakahara, Hirofumi Shintaku, Hidetoshi Kotera, Ryuji Yokokawa
    2016 年 136 巻 3 号 p. 77-82
    発行日: 2016/03/01
    公開日: 2016/03/01
    ジャーナル フリー
    The velocity of microtubules gliding on a kinesin-coated surface has been modulated by changing the rate of ATP hydrolysis, temperature, and buffer conditions. Conventional methods have not realized velocity control with high spatial resolution. Here, we propose a method to selectively determine the gliding velocity of microtubules with the help of light irradiance on an Au-coated Si surface. A part of the Au layer was thermally isolated by an underneath coating of SU-8 photoresist, which was employed as a thermal insulation layer. In the area without SU-8, the Au layer was deposited directly on the Si substrate. Irradiation of 13.5 W/cm2 controlled the velocity with approximately 40 µm of spatial resolution in the SU-8 coated area, resulting in a velocity of 0.80 ± 0.10 µm/s, whereas in the non-coated area the velocity was 0.62 ± 0.05 µm/s.
  • Totok Mujiono, Yuji Sukekawa, Takamichi Nakamoto, Hidefumi Mitsuno, Yu ...
    2016 年 136 巻 3 号 p. 83-89
    発行日: 2016/03/01
    公開日: 2016/03/01
    ジャーナル フリー
    A fluorescent instrumentation system is widely used for cell-based odor sensors. However, the fluorescent instrumentation system was easily affected by ambient light. The measurement is limited if dark conditions are required for the measurement. This paper presents the design and implementation of a lock-in measurement technique in a fluorescent instrumentation system for a cell-based odor sensor. A continuous mode of laser diode excitation was changed to a pulse mode for the purpose of modulating the fluorescent light. The ambient light asynchronous with the modulated fluorescent light can be eliminated even if the ambient light level is much higher than that of the fluorescent light. Experimental results show that using the lock-in measurement technique, the weak fluorescent signal can be extracted from a modulated signal buried under noise. We conclude that the developed fluorescent measurement system can be used to observe the concentration dependency of odorant even under ambient light conditions.
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