An Internet survey was conducted on 2000 couples with the aim of identifying paternal-fetal bonding disorders and the factors influencing them. Study instructions were distributed to pregnant women around 20 weeks who came to the hospital for an antenatal health checkup, and questionnaires were collected from 64 respondents. The survey included background, Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire (PBQ), and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare two groups of PBQ scores by background, and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was used to examine the association between PBQ and EPDS. PBQ scores were significantly higher for “anxiety about care” in the high-income group than in the low-income group, and significantly higher for “rejection and anger” in the no infertility treatment group. Eight fathers (12.9%) had an EPDS above the cutoff; in relation to PBQ and EPDS, fathers with higher EPDS scores had significantly higher PBQ “anxiety about care” and “risk of abuse”.

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The purpose of this study was to clarify the difference in learning motivation between day and evening course students at college, and to examine how to deal with each student individually. The subjects were 76 first-year students in the day course, and 36 first-year students in the evening course of the college of physical therapy that trains physical therapists. They were requested to answer an online questionnaire, consisting of 14 items, regarding their learning motivation. In addition, we also asked about their employment experience at the same time as the questionnaire was administered. The median, first quartile and third quartile of the learning motivation questionnaire results were calculated. For statistical analysis, the Mann-Whitney U test was used to examine the differences in the results of the questionnaire between day and evening students. Among the subscales related to learning motivation, two items of intrinsic regulation were significantly higher in the evening students’ questionnaire results. For evening course students, it would be beneficial for teachers to introduce the latest clinical topics based on text-book-level content. Meanwhile, for day course students, it was considered necessary to further engage with them to increase their intrinsic regulation, which is low.

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The professional career of female medical doctors is influenced by various life events that can lead to early retirement: marriage, childbirth, childcare, nursing, etc. In recent years, efforts have been launched to encourage Mother doctors to resume their clinical practice. In order to find clues to address this challenge, which involves a lack of clarity regarding the factors influencing motivation, we utilized questionnaire results from doctors who became mothers and identified their motivation to continue in the medical profession as physicians using spherical SOM and significance analysis.

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The purpose of this study is to dynamically extract the screw-home movement (SHM) of the tibial surface from an ultrasonic device by semantic segmentation. SHM is a physiological phenomenon in which the tibia rotates extremely about 10 degrees with respect to the femur when the knee joint extends from the flexion position. Here, SHM is evaluated using a semantic segmentation model, U-Net as validation dataset. The validation shows that the final accuracy of the model is 0.55 for accuracy, which seems to be inappropriate for the SHM analysis. The extraction accuracy that is necessary to achieve depends on the field (e.g., medicine, sports) and on the purpose of semantic segmentation. Therefore, in this study we compare the pixel values of the bone center of the ultrasonic image and the center of the bone surface extracted by semantic segmentation to verify accuracy. If the center position in the ultrasonic image is output in the extracted image, the extraction accuracy has been verified. As a result of verification in 3 subjects, 56 of 60 observation points are output correctly. This result indicates the effectiveness of the semantic segmentation model used in this study to dynamically track the SHM of the tibial bone surface.

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This research proposed a new method of grouping of people after principal component analysis. First, it is shown that the usual measure of principal component scores depends on the number of variables, making it difficult to compare many results with each other. For overcoming this drawback, a renormalization of the principal component scores is proposed in two ways. One is grouping of individuality, the other is grouping of selecting specially outlier. The plots are given in a two-dimensional map, so that the nine classified regions can be given meaning. This method is an excellent way to classify all people according to their tendencies or to select extreme people based on rules. The advantage of this method is that there are no omissions in the classification and the classification is automatically calculated. The meaning of the axes is absolute and comparisons can be made in various mappings of any data with different numbers of items.

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