In a sand casting of aluminium, the relations between the sections of the gate, the runner and the sprue is discussed by measuring the metal flow in a particular way. The results obtained are as follows : (1) Metal flows generally with free surface in a runner not filling it up. (2) If the sectional ratio of the gate to the runner is large, metal is ready to flow into a sprue nearer to the end of the runner, but when the ratio is small, it is apt to flow into a sprue nearer to the gate. (3) In the casting with many sprues, metal flows uniformly into all the sprues if the sectional ratio of the gate to the runner has some limited value between 0.6∼1.7. (4) If the total area of the sprues is ¾ of that of the runner, the metal flows into them filling all the sections. (5) The adequate ratio of the sections of the gate, the runner and the sprue gotten from the present investigation is 0.6∼1.7 : 1 : 0.75. (6) If the section of the runner is lessened step by step, metal flows filling all the sprues though they have different ratios of sections mentioned above.
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