Design and planning for resilience has become an important mandate as cities face challenges like climate change, dwindling resources, pandemics and disruption of supply chains. Food security has become a prime goal with several initiatives being undertaken on a priority basis. Many of these initiatives like urban farming, agricultural reservations, vertical farming etc. have spatial implications on urbanism. Gulf cities face an additional challenge since the traditional agricultural sector is limited due to the climate and soil conditions. Research on urban farming spatial practices in such cities is therefore of great significance. This paper aims to initiate a discussion on this topic by reviewing the current state of urban farming initiatives in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The study first reviews the literature on farming initiatives around the globe and classifies them into four categories – policy-led, market-led, design-led and citizen-led. Then, in the context of the UAE, the study builds an overall background by documenting the institutional and policy frameworks that have been set up towards food security. Using secondary sources, we prepare a database of various farming initiatives and then analyse the initiatives under the classification developed from the literature review. Through the discussion, we bring out notable trends relating to integration of urban farming in the city and identify further opportunities. The findings of the research are expected to be of use to policymakers, academics and built environment professionals in the goal of supporting a resilient future.

Peri-urban areas are often characterized by a mix of rural and urban livelihoods, where residents earn a living to make ends meet by engaging in multiple occupations. Urbanization and land-use patterns transformation offer diverse livelihood options to the residents, bringing in new opportunities for a sustainable livelihood. This research aims to investigate the impact of peri-urbanization on livelihood status of households and overall livability and quality of life in Pratapsasan, a peri-urban area near Bhubaneswar, India which is traditionally known for its Bell Metal Industry, but now facing the challenges of preserving its heritage. Besides Bell Metal, the other livelihood options the residents are engaged in farming, small industries, and informal activities. Drawing insights from the DFID's Sustainable Livelihood Framework (SLF), the study evaluates 32 livelihood indicators across five livelihood capitals: human, physical, financial, asset ownership, and social. The findings show that the households adopt a mix of livelihood strategies rather than depending on a single occupation. The resulting Livability Index ranges from 0.064 to 0.069, indicating a moderate to high level of livability. Informal workers attain the highest index scores compared to farmers and bell metal artisans, largely due to greater diversification in occupational activities and enhanced income security. This highlights that livelihood diversification plays a crucial role in enhancing household resilience and is also a key determinant of overall livability. Thus, peri-urbanization has brought a positive impact to the overall livability of Pratapsasan by providing adaptive livelihood strategies, access to basic services, and opportunities for economic growth.

This study aims to evaluate waste processing types with an area-based environmental economic approach in Blitar city, Indonesia. Using secondary data from the waste management office and quantitative data collection methods, the study identifies the key activities involved in waste processing and evaluates each activity using an elemental approach consisting of regulation, knowledge, technology, market, resources, supply chain, manufacture, investment, partner, and risk. The study evaluates five types of waste processors and recommends the optimization of refuse-derived fuel due to its potential and the results of the radar curve analysis. The study suggests collaboration with the private sector, community, and the area around the city of Blitar to accelerate the implementation of policies and the involvement of the community as subjects who participate in waste management to reduce the waste problem and solve environmental issues in the city. This study's contribution to waste management involving the community can help in reducing waste problems and solving environmental issues in Blitar city, promoting a new economic structure that involves the community's participation.

Acknowledging Sherry Arnstein’s view (1969), the idea of engaging public is like eating spinach, no one is against it since it is good. Public engagement has been widely discussed, debated and considered theme of importance since then. The paper attempts to understand and assess the current status of public engagement with regard to urban development programmes in India, its significance and challenges in Indian context. The research fulfils the study gap of producing a methodology to assess public engagement for urban development programmes in Indian context based on criteria from literature. Such studies bring significance of assessing public engagement during the implementation of development programmes, while evaluating the impact and reach of said initiatives. The inferences of the study have been derived with regard to government’s intention as documented for the urban development programmes like Swaccha Bharat Mission (SBM), Smart Cities, Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation (AMRUT) and National Heritage City Development and Augmentation Yojana (HRIDAY). The opportunities these interventions offered for the public to engage have been assessed using acceptance and process criteria and emphasizing the significance and challenges of public engagement. A common observation which is persistent across all indicator themes is that public engagement extended through any of these four urban programmes is much less than the maximum value achievable. The study reveals there is negligible clarity in communicating the method of decision making in public domain and mechanisms of structured decision making is also virtually absent. The finding implies need for improvement in engagement methods and implementation mechanisms. The need for robust engagement initiatives in India and improvement in existing processes in place is also validated and supported by literature evidence.

India, the cradle of many cultures and traditions, houses many of the world’s oldest, most complex, and diverse civilizations. These cultures and traditional practices play an essential role in shaping our towns. Since prehistoric times, culture and architecture have been intertwined so that man can establish his originality and style within his group. This study aims to present a multimodal reading within the many spatial and visual scales found in the traditional houses in an Agraharam of Kurukuthurai, Tirunelveli. Many traditional settlements are successful in maintaining their social and architectural outline. One of these communities, which is intended with the abovementioned aspects, is this Agraharam settlement. The priestly sector of south Indian society, known as Brahmins, lives in a town known as Agraharam, which is located around the temples. This home reacts to local climatic requirements, cultures, and religious beliefs while balancing sensory experiences that improve daily life. The research applies a three-stage methodology: first, a spatial analysis based on direct observation to document the physical layout, activity mapping, and spatial hierarchy; second, a qualitative analysis using D.K. Ching’s principles to examine spatial volumes, defining elements, and relationships; and third, a quantitative analysis using space syntax tools (Depth-map X and Agraph) to perform visual analysis, node analysis, and isovist analysis across three Agraharam houses.

This study employs a spatial econometrics approach to analyse Tuberculosis (TB) cases across Indonesian provinces using panel data from 2017 - 2021. The findings reveal a distinct spatial pattern, with TB cases predominantly concentrated in the western region of Indonesia, notably in provinces on Java Island. Our SDM Fixed-Effect model indicates that health infrastructure, proxied by drinking water and sanitation does not directly affect TB incidents . In contrast, healthcare facility variables (such as the number of doctors and national health care insurance participation) and control variables (government healthcare expenditure and population density) exhibit a positive direct association with TB cases. Furthermore, two variables (access to drinking water and population density) indirectly affect TB incidence through spatial spillover effects. Henceforth, our results highlight the importance of government intervention in TB through better household health infrastructure quality, improvement of TB case detection and treatment affordability, and efficient resource allocation, especially in TB hotspot regions.

Under the background of the rapid evolution of population aging and the increasing diversity of space requirements, the traditional "facility based on facility" pension facility planning has been difficult to accurately respond to the hierarchical needs of "medical care, living care and happy care" of the elderly. This paper takes Fuzhou City, China as an example and proposes a "aging demand - spatial scene" coupled aging facility location framework: use the types of facilities related to demand—corresponding to the three demand factors of medical dependency, life circle scale, and leisure preference—as key features in the ID3 decision tree to construct a "demand-driven hierarchical decision-making model". The research takes 48,827 500-meter grids in Fuzhou City as units, integrates POI and the population data from the seventh National Census, first simulates suitable grid locations, and then takes "the population aged 65 and above > 3,000 and accounting for more than 7%" as the high-priority constraint of elderly needs to screen out the priority landing sites in the near future. The model verification results show that the fitting degree of the prediction results with 380 existing facilities reaches 95.8%, which is significantly higher than the 85% threshold. Meanwhile, the decision tree hierarchy clearly reveals the priority order of demand for "medical facilities > real estate facilities > leisure facilities", providing interpretable data evidence for the policy of integrating medical care and elderly care. The final results show that: ① The aging population concentration areas such as Jin 'an District and Minhou County are the core areas for future new facilities; ② 460 unequipped grids in the city center have been identified as urgent gaps and need to be filled with priority. ③ The peripheral counties and districts can develop tourism and elderly care based on their landscape resources to form differentiated supply. This research has expanded the application depth of machine learning in the planning of public service facilities in terms of methodology, and provided a decision-making grammar of "explicit demand - feasible space" for Fuzhou City and other rapidly aging cities in practice.

Abstract: Cities with a richness of urban heritage can be developed according to their potential. However, the impact of heritage-led urban redevelopment has yet to be widely mapped. This research aims to critically analyze the gentrification process and its effects in Malioboro Street, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, as the result of heritage-led urban redevelopment. This research employs a qualitative research method, utilizing a single-case study approach. Data collection was conducted through visual archives and research of government regulations, as well as through visual observation, physical mapping, and semi-structured interviews. The analysis was conducted using the thematic method, with systematic stages that began with data familiarization and continued through interpretation to uncover the underlying meaning and link it to relevant theories or conceptual frameworks. The research findings reveal that heritage-led urban redevelopment has a positive impact on the authenticity of the place, as reflected in improvements to the quality of the architectural façade and the potential for retail business development and mass tourism. However, gentrification leads to development pressures, including displacement and land conversions. Development policies are needed that consider the carrying capacity and authenticity of the place. Thus, heritage-led urban redevelopment can catalyze sustainable development, positively impacting the development and management of Yogyakarta as a UNESCO World Heritage City.

Lake Toba is the world's largest caldera lake, located in North Sumatra Province. Lake Toba is the largest lake in Indonesia, designated as one of the National Super Priority Destinations. The beauty of Lake Toba and its abundant natural resources are the main attractions for nature tourism activities. One strategic way to develop it is by offering unique nature tourism with a creative management approach. A creative approach to nature tourism management is essential for preserving culture, natural resources, and the role of local communities. This study aims to identify the distribution and development of creative nature tourism practices, as well as the factors that influence the appeal of creative nature tourism in the outer ring road of Lake Toba, specifically the Aek Nauli-Merek section. This study uses a mixed method by combining a qualitative descriptive analysis model to support quantitative analysis (as the main approach) through multiple linear regression tests to identify factors that influence the appeal of creative nature tourism. This study found that only 11 of the 49 natural tourist attractions along the Aek Nauli–Merek section, Lake Toba, offer creative attractions such as flying fox, tree houses, cargo nets, Burma Bridge, suspension bridges, hanging swings, tree cages, pottery swings, tree homestays, king kong rides, and unique selfie spots. Among the seven predictor factors tested, only the use of technology, pricing, and uniqueness significantly influence the attractiveness of creative natural attractions. These findings suggest that destination managers should prioritize these factors to increase visitor interest, guide marketing strategies, and ensure sustainable tourism development in the Lake Toba region, North Sumatra, Indonesia, and other similar regions.

In tropical regions, solar energy generated by photovoltaic installations is seen as highly promising due to abundant solar radiation throughout the year. These installations are commonly integrated directly into the structure of residential buildings. However, this placement can lead to challenges within the indoor environment by increasing heat absorption compared to buildings without photovoltaic installations. Therefore, this research aims to enhance the design of residential building roofs by considering both energy generation and thermal regulation. The study utilized simulation techniques, employing Revit solar analysis for energy performance assessment and Autodesk CFD for thermal analysis. The simulations included fifteen BIM models representing various geometries, tilt angles, and roof areas. The performance of the photovoltaic installation as a secondary roof layer was evaluated at different height gaps: 0cm, 10cm, 30cm, 50cm, and 100cm. These models were compared to a base model representing a building without a photovoltaic roof. The findings suggest that optimizing the second skin photovoltaic roof can enhance both energy generation and thermal regulation. The recommended height gap between the primary roof and the photovoltaic roof is 100 cm, with the photovoltaic panels positioned parallel to the main roof. The photovoltaic roof acts as a thermal barrier and promotes air circulation within the gap space, aiding in the dissipation of heat absorbed by the roof. This approach enhances the efficiency of the photovoltaic system.

Acknowledging Sherry Arnstein’s view (1969), the idea of engaging public is like eating spinach, no one is against it since it is good. Public engagement has been widely discussed, debated and considered theme of importance since then. The paper attempts to understand and assess the current status of public engagement with regard to urban development programmes in India, its significance and challenges in Indian context. The research fulfils the study gap of producing a methodology to assess public engagement for urban development programmes in Indian context based on criteria from literature. Such studies bring significance of assessing public engagement during the implementation of development programmes, while evaluating the impact and reach of said initiatives. The inferences of the study have been derived with regard to government’s intention as documented for the urban development programmes like Swaccha Bharat Mission (SBM), Smart Cities, Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation (AMRUT) and National Heritage City Development and Augmentation Yojana (HRIDAY). The opportunities these interventions offered for the public to engage have been assessed using acceptance and process criteria and emphasizing the significance and challenges of public engagement. A common observation which is persistent across all indicator themes is that public engagement extended through any of these four urban programmes is much less than the maximum value achievable. The study reveals there is negligible clarity in communicating the method of decision making in public domain and mechanisms of structured decision making is also virtually absent. The finding implies need for improvement in engagement methods and implementation mechanisms. The need for robust engagement initiatives in India and improvement in existing processes in place is also validated and supported by literature evidence.

Campus green public spaces within educational institution settings are increasingly recognized for their potential to support human’s well-being. However, most research has focused on natural or softscape elements, overlooking the possible contributions of other landscape features. Addressing this gap, this study investigates the restorative potential of various physical features in campus green public spaces. The research was conducted in Wisdom Park, Universitas Gadjah Mada. Data collection involved questionnaires distributed to 72 respondents through on-site surveys. The questionnaire combined open-ended questions to capture general perceptions, Likert-scale evaluations of restorative value across softscape, hardscape, and blue space features, and assessments of Perceived Sensory Dimensions (PSD). Respondents rated the restorative value of each feature, while additional questions assessed the strength of each PSD dimension and the landscape elements associated with them. Results show that softscape features, particularly trees, received the highest restorative ratings, reaffirming nature’s dominant role in supporting recovery. Several hardscape elements also scored well—especially those that facilitate social interaction, such as seating areas, bridges, and view decks. Supporting this, the PSD analysis revealed that the “nature” and “rich in species” dimensions were perceived as the strongest and most restorative. Notably, the “social” dimension received a high restorative value, indicating that spaces enabling social interaction are deeply valued by users. These findings that social engagement plays a vital role in human restoration, particularly within educational settings. For urban designers and planners, these insights highlight the importance of integrating not only ecological features but also socially supportive infrastructure into campus green spaces.

This study examines how children in a scavenger village in East Jakarta engage in social learning within informal spaces due to limited access to formal play areas. Grounded in Bandura’s Social Learning Theory and Unwin’s elements of space, the research involves 13 children (ages 5–15) and two mentors at Saung ERBE, using qualitative methods including passive observation and interviews. Findings reveal 27 types of social learning activities across three informal spaces—Saung ERBE, a public cemetery, and a field—categorized into five groups: TPA classes, big events, adaptive, creative, and explorative activities. These are shaped by internal, external, and combined motivations, with children creatively utilizing both real and perceived affordances. Despite discomfort with some spaces, especially the cemetery, children show ambivalent attachments driven by spatial necessity. The study highlights a critical issue of spatial justice, as unequal access to safe, inclusive environments limits developmental opportunities for marginalized children. It calls for responsive urban planning to ensure equitable, child-friendly spaces that support holistic growth through social learning.

Special Economic Zones (SEZs) are designed to stimulate economic development through high value-added industries a strategy highly relevant for Palu a city grappling with deindustrialization The Palu SEZ was established to promote industrial growth facilitate reindustrialization efforts However its implementation is constrained by challenges including limited investor engagement inadequate infrastructure This study assesses the impact of the Palu SEZ on industrial growth using a quasi-experimental Difference-in-Differences (DiD) methodology leveraging macroeconomic data from regencies in Central Sulawesi Province to control for confounding factors The results indicate that the Palu SEZ has not yet significantly influenced industrial sector growth a finding that contrasts with prior studies reporting positive impacts of SEZs on other economic indicators.