The investigation was made on 22, 661 autopsied cases collected from 37 university hos-pitals and other general hospitals in eastern part of Japan from 1946 to 1955.
The incidences by year, age, district, sex and by localisation of tumors were investigated by statistical method. The results obtained were as follows:
1) Number of malignant tumors increased twice as much in ten years. Gastric cancer was most common, followed by lung cancer but the percentage of gastric cancer among malignant growth relatively decreased, and the percentage of lung cancer increased by years. The percentages of uterus cancer and breast neoplasma increased markingly.
2) The percentage of lung cancer by age was more highly observed in older age group compared with gastric cancer, but the difference by sex was not clear. The uterus cancer was more common in 4th and 5th decade.
3) Gastric cancer had higher incidence in Tokyo and Kanto district compared with Tohoku and Shinetsu districts. The lung cancer was more common in Tokyo and Tohoku districts, but uterus cancer was more common in Tohoku, Hokkaido and Tokyo districts. The tumors of digestive organs decreased in both sex, but tumors of respiratory organs slightly increased in number.
4) Tumors of digestive organs had high in incidence in Kanto district, and low incidence in Tohoku district. Neoplasmas of respiratory organs had no specific tendency by district. Tumors of genito-urinary organs were infrequent in Tohoku district.

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The advent of chemotherapy in the treatment of tuberculosis manifested brilliant therapeutic effects. But it is well known that cavernous lesion or large caseous foci resist strongly against chemotherapy. The factors which rule the effects of the treatment of tuberculosis are considered partly from the relationship between drugs and bacilli and partly from the immunity or resistance of the tissues of organisms. Hence the chemotherapy are not equally effective on large cavernous lesion and on small solitary tubercles. In this regard, the chemotherapy of renal tuberculosis is not differ from that of pulmonary lesion. In the treatment of renal tuberculosis, it is considered as a general rule that surgical treatment and chemotherapy are applied separately or in combination.
In our urological clinic the authors have experienced thirty cases of renal excision after chemotherapy in these five years. We studied histo-pathologically about the effects of chemotherapy in tuberculous lesions of excised kidneys and also investigated suitable doses of drugs for preoperative treatment. The results obtained are summerised as follows.
1) The miliary tubercles showed remarkable healing tendency with those histological pictures such as (1) disappearance of exudation; (2) disappearance or decrease of necrotic substance in tubercles; (3) atrophy, disappearance or histiocytic metamorphosis of epithelioid cells; (4) tendency of atrophy or metamorphosis of giant cells; (5) no indication of proliferation of collagen and reticulin fibers.
2) Large Gaseous foci retained without evident histological changes for chemotherapy, but small ones were resorbed by histiocytic cells or became fibrous scar by extension of reticulin fibers from the surrounding tuberculous granulation tissues.
3) Tuberculous cavity resisted against chemotherapy intensely, but in some parts of cavity wall the separation of Gaseous mass from the cavity wall occured as the partial healing.
4) The tuberculous lesions of the mucosa of pelvis and ureter indicated a remarkable tendency of healing, but if the lesion penetrated deeper in their wall sufficient healing was difficult.
5) The healing effects wcre generally shown intensely in the cases administrated with more than 40g of SM and corresponded doses of PAS and INH.
From these results it was concluded as follows:
1. Combination of chemo-and surgical therapy is generally necessary for the treatment of renal tuberculosis with cavity.
2. Desirable doses of medicaments in preoperatived chemotherapy are 40-50g of SM and corresponded doses of PAS and corresponded doses of PAS and INH.

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The focal symptoms of sequelae of cranial war injuries, 154 cases passed on one and a half to three years after their injuries without fracture of bone, were studied. 154 cases of diskinesias were classified as follows; asthenias 22%, monoplegias 25%, hemiplegias 40% and paraplegias 13%.
Even the slightest asthenias was infrequently the recovery form severer conditions, but it sustained from the very beginning on. The most common or typical syndrom was that of hemiplegias, however, its concomitant symptoms were to be found more multiformed including such syndroms which would fit into some of descriptions or which could be considered as more complexed or unusual combinations of each components. It was characteristic in paraplegic syndroms that comparatively milder pareses were more frequent in parietal head injuries and that overall complicated concomitant syndroms, particularly emotional and volitional disturbances, were observed in general. The clinical pictures presented themselves to be extraordinarily manifold and differentially difficult, for there certainly were such cases where flaccid pareses could not be simply described as spastic, where flaccid pareses were involved, and where neurotic factors were overlain to blur the whole pictures.

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Employing the method of Takamatsu & Gomori, histochemical investigations were conducted on the phosphatase reaction of pulps of dogs under experimental tuberculosis.
1) The pulps of dogs could not be recognized of tuberculous findings pathologically, irrespective of methods of inoculation of tuberculosis bacillus.
2) In case of abdominal inoculation, hyperemia and extension of the vessels of pulps were observed. Phosphatase reaction in the pulps of molars (5mg inoculation was most intense in their infiltrating cells, vessel walls, odontblast. In other cases, phosphatase reaction was more intense than normal pulp.
3) In case of application to pulp, abscess of pulp and ulcer, infiltration cells, extension of blood vessels, pulp hyperemia were observed.
Phosphatase reaction was most intense in the abscess, surrounding infiltration cells especially in polynuclear leucocytes. The phosphatase reaction of odontblasts was in different degree by locality.
4) In case of abdominal inoculation, prominent difference depended on the quantity of tuberculosis bacillus applied. Phosphatase reaction was more intense in molars pulp than in incisors pulp. In cases of application to pulp prominent difference was not observed between incisors and molars.
5) In cases of abdominal inoculation and application to pulp phosphatase reaction was more intense than in normal pulp, and the intensity seemed to correspond with the grade of inflammation of the pulp.

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The authors conducted investigation on the candida group obtained from 243 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis. Results were as follows:
1) Isolation rates of candida group from sputa and feces of the cases were 54.6% and 56.5%, respectively. No significant relation both by sex and age was obtained in the isolation rate.
2) In the comparison among the cases having and not having been administered with SM, PAS or INH, isolation rate was practically equal among them as far as SM concerned, while as for INH and PAS, the rate was higher in the administered cases.
3) Comparison between drug resistant cases and susceptible cases revealed that the isolation rate was higher in the former. In the far advanced cases it was higher than the minor cases.
4) Candida albicans was predominant in the isolated candida group, and the growth of candida was not accelerated by SM, PAS, INH or Penicillin.

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