NIHON GAZO GAKKAISHI (Journal of the Imaging Society of Japan)
Online ISSN : 1880-4675
Print ISSN : 1344-4425
ISSN-L : 1344-4425
Volume 46, Issue 5
Displaying 1-11 of 11 articles from this issue
Original Papers
  • Kazuhiro NAKAYAMA, Makoto OMODANI
    2007 Volume 46 Issue 5 Pages 352-356
    Published: 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: October 13, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Although non-aqueous liquids are used for electrophoretic displays, theories for aqueous liquid are usually applied for explanations of the migration mechanism for them. The validity of this bold expansion of the theory is evaluated in this paper. We focused on confirmations of roles of few ions contained in non-aqueous liquids;those ions have been explained to act as the driving charge of particles even in aqueous liquids. We examined influences of the ion density on mobilities of particles in non-aqueous liquids, and showed that the mobility was decreased when the density of ions is increased;this result is not such that expected by the conventional explanation. Our examination also revealed that migration particles had the same polarities in the liquids as those in the air. Thus, we conclude that few ions in non-aqueous liquids don't, at least, always contribute to migration of particles. These results suggest that we have to develop a new theory of migration mechanism specialized for non-aqueous liquids.
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  • Satoshi Kojima, Makoto Omodani
    2007 Volume 46 Issue 5 Pages 357-362
    Published: 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: October 13, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Physical measurements on gold color object can only indicate that the color is yellow. Recognition mechanism for gold color has not been sufficiently clarified yet. In this report, we propose a hypothesis that recognition of gold color requires recognition of shape of the object as a necessary step before the recognition of gold color. Experiments were performed for the purpose of verifying our hypothesis. Recognition of object shapes and recognition of gold color were evaluated on sample images of various sharpness from an extremely low level to a high level;sample images are photographs of gold objects. Two other experiments were also performed using images of various resolutions and using various showing time of images. All the results showed that recognition of gold color was always led by recognition of object shapes. Our hypothesis, which is supported by our experimental results, suggests that gold color should not be categorized in the group of other ordinary colors for instance red, green, blue, cyan, magenta, yellow and so on, and that recognition of gold color consists of color recognition of yellow and recognition of its spatial distribution, which means a shiny surface of the object. Recognition mechanism for silver color can be explained the same way as that for gold color.
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  • Yoko KATO, Ryutaro HIMENO
    2007 Volume 46 Issue 5 Pages 363-370
    Published: 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: October 13, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Shear stress and stress in biological tissue are related to disease progression. The shear stress and the stress are decided by the velocity profile and its shape respectively. Both types change dynamically and hence should be measured at the same time. The phase-contrast method, which measures the velocity by the phase, could be used for detecting the shape if the characteristics of the phase in the stationary region are estimated properly. Moreover, the relaxation time is differed by tissues. Hence, in this study, the influence of the relaxation time on the phase distribution in the stationary region was investigated using a particle, which is a cluster of the neighboring points in the divided range. The phase characteristics in the stationary region reflected the relaxation times. The elongation direction of the particle would be important to evaluate the shape of the biological tissue.
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Imaging Today
  • Akira SUZUKI
    2007 Volume 46 Issue 5 Pages 372-384
    Published: 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: October 13, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Electronic paper or e-Paper, which is thin like paper and can display characters or images, was introduced in around the latter half of the 1990's. And it is said that first year of e-Paper was 2004, when “sigma-Book” (LCD) by Panasonic and e-Book “Librie” (EPD) by Sony were introduced in the market. After that, many prototypes or products of e-Paper have followed to be introduced one after another in various applications until now. And also the related technologies have been evolved diversely. In this paper, some concept, applications, market and the technologies for e-Paper are introduced. In addition, I summarize the present status of e-Paper technologies and then propose the future trend, through recent influential institutes or academic conferences, i.e. International Display Workshop (IDW) 2006 (Dec. 2006, Japan) and SID2007 (May 2007, USA) etc.
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  • Hiroshi ARISAWA
    2007 Volume 46 Issue 5 Pages 385-389
    Published: 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: October 13, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The structure of the RGB stacked layers is examined to achieve full-color in the photo-addressable electronic paper. Although the reflectivity of this structure is theoretically high, the problem of controlling each color layer has not been solved. In this work, we present two novel methods which provide promising solutions. One is a threshold shift method, which enables two outer voltage levels to select eight colors. The other is a complementary color OPC method, which enables the addressing light of the different colors to control a state of reflection of each layer selectively. By integrating these two solutions, we present a full color E-Paper which is operated with the hybrid method.
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  • Hideyuki KAWAI
    2007 Volume 46 Issue 5 Pages 390-395
    Published: 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: October 13, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Aiming at electronic paper applications, we are pursuing flexible elctrophoretic displays by combining two key technologies:microencapsulated electrophoretic (MEP) and SUFTLATM, LTPS-TFT circuitry transfer technology. MEP possesses such ideal features as printed-material-like image quality and intrinsic flexibility. On the other hand, however, it requires active-matrix driving scheme because of its slow response and lack of threshold property. We chose LTPS, which has much higher electrical performances than a-Si, in order to achieve high-resolution display panels. Moreover we developed a novel process called SUFTLATM, which is a technology to transfer TFT circuitry from an original glass plate onto a film. Comparing with directly forming TFTs on a plastic, transferring method is superior in taking full advantages of LTPS-TFT's high performances. By integrating a film TFT substrate utilizing SUFTLATM with a MEP sheet provided by E-Ink Co. (E Ink Imaging FilmTM), we successfully developed a 7.1-in. QVGA (397ppi) flexible AM-EPD panel and confirmed its operation even while bent.
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  • Itsuo TANUMA
    2007 Volume 46 Issue 5 Pages 396-400
    Published: 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: October 13, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    We have been developing a color and flexible electronic paper display using electronic liquid powder. Novel type of color display either colored powder or color filter are discussed. We have also developed a flexible display with low cost substrate films. These technologies enable QR-LPD® to be used widely as an electronic paper display. In this paper, We talk about the strong possibility of QR-LPD® for use in electronic paper.
    And we comment all-flexible QR-LPD® with flexible driver IC.
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  • Hiroyuki FUJITA, Hiroshi TOSHIYOSHI
    2007 Volume 46 Issue 5 Pages 401-406
    Published: 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: October 13, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    We propose a new type of an electronic re-writable blackboard that keeps the trace of finger-drawn strokes using the bitmap of scatting light from segmental membrane. Images can be erased entirely or partially by re-leasing voltage or pulling back the membrane with magnetic force, respectively. Thanks to the simplicity of the device structure and principle, the proposed display has scalability to an oversized board that could be made by printing or embossing. We also report a transparent type color pixel based on electrostatically driven Fabry-Perot interferometer, which could also be manufactured by the similar fabrication processes.
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  • Ryuichi ISHII
    2007 Volume 46 Issue 5 Pages 407-410
    Published: 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: October 13, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The “Reader” with the E INK display panel was launched from Sony in October, 2006, which is welcomed more than being expected and the Reader has been sold good so far. Since the 90's, there are several companies who made efforts to open up the eBook market in the U. S., but the market has been quiet with a very minimal demand. Under this circumstance, the Reader from Sony proved potentiality of the market. In this report, I will foresee an ebook reader device in the future for market expansion as well as going over the market status, needs from consumers and publishers.
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  • Hiroshi ARISAWA
    2007 Volume 46 Issue 5 Pages 411-415
    Published: 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: October 13, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The seventh technical committee of the Imaging Society of Japan has been studying about “Perspectives of Electronic Paper". Since 2004 the theme has been focusing on Office Applications. Scenes in an office are classified into deskwork, business and sales meeting, and mobile work, from which we extracted expected merits and functions of electronic paper. As a result, the necessity of two types of electronic paper has become evident. One is a paper type, of which we use multiple sheets for browsing, intensive reading, comparison, and a reminder, while the other is a display type, which we use for reading as a mobile display. Furthermore, technology forecasting of electronic paper is also conducted.
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