Journal of Groundwater Hydrology
Online ISSN : 2185-5943
Print ISSN : 0913-4182
ISSN-L : 0913-4182
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Volume 53, Issue 4
Displaying 1-6 of 6 articles from this issue
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PAPER
  • Numerical study on quantitative evaluation of macroscopic disparsivity by using stochastic fractal model
    Masahiko SAITO, Yukiko NISHIMURA, Kei NAKAGAWA
    Article type: PAPER
    2011 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 343-355
    Published: 2011
    Released on J-STAGE: January 10, 2012
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5917/jagh.53.343
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Macroscopic dispersivity is most important factor to analyze advection dispersion equation (ADE) at the field scale. Any appropriate method for determining this parameter has not been established yet. In this study, artificial heterogeneous hydraulic conductivity fields were generated with the stochastic fractal model (f-ζ model) that was proposed by Saito and Kawatani (2000). Macroscopic dispersivities were evaluated for generated two-dimensional and three-dimensional fields from ADE simulations. Results showed that macroscopic dispersivity depends on two scales, the contaminant source length and the travel distances, and field characteristics such as variability of hydraulic conductivity for one-dimensional flow. Finally, we proposed useful diagrams to estimate macroscopic dispersivity quantitatively based on 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional numerical experiments.
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RESEARCH-IN PROGRESS
  • Development of three dimensional hydrogeological model and estimation of groundwater storage in Japanese islands.
    Masaru KOSHIGAI, Atsunao MARUI, Narimitsu ITO, Takuya YOSHIZAWA
    Article type: RESEARCH-IN-PROGRESS
    2011 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 357-377
    Published: 2011
    Released on J-STAGE: January 10, 2012
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5917/jagh.53.357
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    An optimum groundwater management which achieved a good balance between conservation and utilization is required to use the groundwater as sustainable water resources. On the recent groundwater management which uses a numerical simulation, it is important to understand the full breadth of groundwater basin and groundwater storage for evaluation the extent of human impact. However, previous study has not been clarified the full breadth of them throughout Japan, because basic information on the groundwater has not maintained still enough. The present work developed the three dimensional hydrogeological model in Japanese islands using the related database. And the groundwater storage was estimated based on the three dimensional hydrogeological model. As a result, to evaluate the full breadth of groundwater basin became possible from the sharply wide-range distribution of stratum. Moreover, we succeeded in providing the useful information such as development potential of unused groundwater resources for groundwater conservation and development.
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  • Estimating the NO3--N attenuation zone in groundwater on a catchment scale focused on the topography and hydraulic gradient
    Mitsuyo SAITO, Shin-ichi ONODERA
    Article type: RESEARCH-IN-PROGRESS
    2011 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 379-390
    Published: 2011
    Released on J-STAGE: January 10, 2012
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.5917/jagh.53.379
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    We aimed to clarify a relation between groundwater flow condition and nitrate (NO3-) attenuation zone on the catchment scale (∼km2). Especially, the relation between hydraulic gradient and NO3--N attenuation in unconfined groundwater was examined on two coastal agricultural catchments (IKN and IKS) with the different topographic gradients in an island of the Seto Inland Sea. Results show that increases of pH and decreases of ORPSHE and NO3--N concentrations along a groundwater flow in both catchments. In addition, distributions of Cl- concentrations suggest that the denitrification contributes to the NO3--N attenuation as well as the dilution process. Relations between hydraulic gradients or topographic gradients and NO3--N attenuation ratios indicate that the attenuation process is significant in the coastal area characterized by the small gradient with less than 0.04. Additionally, the results suggest that the significant NO3--N attenuation zone locates near the coastal line in the IKS with larger gradient. Meanwhile it would locate on the inland topographic transition zone as well as the coastal area in the IKN with smaller topographic gradient.
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