THE JOURNAL OF THE JAPANESE ASSOCIATION OF GROUNDWATER HYDROLOGY
Online ISSN : 2186-5515
Print ISSN : 0029-0602
ISSN-L : 0029-0602
Volume 10, Issue 2
Displaying 1-6 of 6 articles from this issue
  • Kiyoshi FUKUDA
    1968 Volume 10 Issue 2 Pages 1-8
    Published: December 20, 1968
    Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2012
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In order to construct a simple and practical equation calculating the shallow groundwater temperature (Tg) near the water table in the paddy fields from the air temperature (Ta) in the same area, we analysed the data of Tg that was obtained from our field investigations. The results obtained were as follows:
    1) We found that the Tg-Ta relationship could be expressed by three straight lines (or linear equations) when a year (12 months) was divided into three periods -- 1,2 and 3.
    2) To show the three straight lines, I, II and III, we constructed Eqs. (1), (2) and (3) respectively, and calculated the coefficients and constants of Eqs. (1), (2) and (3) by using the method of least squares. The results were listed in Table 1.
    3) The calculated values of Tg (using Eqs. (1), (2) and (3) with the values listed in Table 1) were close to the observed values (Figs.3,4,5 and 6). The deviation of the calculated values from the observed ones calculated by using Eq. (8) was only a few per cent in the yearly average values.
    4) Therefore, the linear equations Eqs. (1), (2) and (3) with Eqs. (4), (5) and (6) can be used- to show. the relationship between Tg and Ta for a given area for a given period if the Tg -Ta relationship becomes the linear relationship.
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  • Kiyoshi FUKUDA
    1968 Volume 10 Issue 2 Pages 9-14
    Published: December 20, 1968
    Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2012
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Using the FOURIER series, we obtained the theoretical equations, (3), (4) and (5) that showed the manthly average cyclic variation of the shallow groundwater temperature near the water table for a year. The values calculated by Eqs. (3), (4) and (5) were close to the observed ones as shown in Figs.2,3 and 4.
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  • Gunjiro SAKAI
    1968 Volume 10 Issue 2 Pages 15-17
    Published: December 20, 1968
    Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2012
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In the last paper“ Concerning the Coefficient of Storage” publised in this idutnitl Vol.14 (1968), the writer advocated a thinking Way of the decreasing of ground-water orage by pumpage aid, as the result, diminishing of coefficient of storage, which teas a kind of measure to evaluate the ground-water storage. But he described also in the paper that his advocation was no more than an idea and did not reach its conclusion.
    Through the study thereafter, the writer noticed an inperiection in the thinking way or the treatment of the unit of pumpage periodt. Then he corrected them and discovered an easy graphycal solution, under the condition remaining transmissibility concerned unchangeable.
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  • Chuzo KONDO
    1968 Volume 10 Issue 2 Pages 18-21
    Published: December 20, 1968
    Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2012
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    One area can be divided into several sections, matching to those of country rocks, by pH or Eh of groundwater.
    The author introduced three examples, the above was true.
    1) The Yumoto valley in Ikaho spa, Gumma Pref. is clearly divided into two by the reduction rate of pH at cooling and the value of Eh of thermal waters.
    2) The Hebino river basin in Gumma Pref. is divided into five pH sections. And the Quaternary lacustrine deposits area is distinguished from the area of base rocks, consisting of green tuffs and andesites of Miocene period, by low values of pH and high values of Eh of groundwaters.
    3) The Atsumi hot springs district, Yamagata Pref. is divided into four, i. e., northeastern mountains, northwestern mountains, alluvial plain and southern mountains, all which are related to the country rocks respectively, by the values of Eh of groundwaters.
    In conclusion, the author proposes the significance of Eh measurement of groundwater.
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  • T. IWAI, T. SHIOBARA, K. KIMURA
    1968 Volume 10 Issue 2 Pages 22-27
    Published: December 20, 1968
    Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2012
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The writers have taken place the survey of the underflow water of the major rivers in the Nishi-Tsugaru District, Aomori Prefecture since 1965 to 1968.
    In the survey the writers discovered some interesting problems on the underflow iwater of piestic character, summarized as follows.
    Among the underflow waters, there is a kind of large piestic character one in the neibourhood of the mouth of a river. The character of the underflow water is presumed to be attributed to the height difference between the recharging zone and the discharging zone near the mouth of the river and damming action by marine water at the discharging zone. And the piestic water itself may be recharged from the storage within the basement rocks.
    There remains another river of this kind among comparatively large ones in the area, whose piestic underflow water undeveloped. This kind of piestic underflow water stratum is pressurised to be formed in the valley by a certain tectonic movement at the last stage of the Quaternary. And, for the decision of the case, for instance, the topographic abnomity as like as the lack of the terrace plain will give a kind of the key.
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  • Shirohee KIUCHI
    1968 Volume 10 Issue 2 Pages 28-37
    Published: December 20, 1968
    Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2012
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    I carried on a series of investigation as to temperature of underground Water, and as to distribiltion of pH and C1-content, in Kawazu-dani region, southern part of Izu from March 3 till 5,1068, and again from April 3 till 4 in the same year; add I gave some consideration to their origin.
    The region I investigated is a place where there springs up hot water in such parts as Yazu and Mine it is noted, too, for its intensive cultivation of flowers by the use of thermal water and the heat of the earth. Kawazu-dani region is a narrow place,3.4 km from north to south and 1.0-0.5 km from east to west, with the Kawazu River flowing through the central part of the valley. As to the geology there, the basis is made up of layers of Yugashima groups (andesitic lava, tuffaceous breccia, and tuffaceous sandstone), on which are formed Shirahama groups of layers (a deposit of quartzous andesite). In this region, especially, there are tuffaceous sandstone and basalt so well developed that they are are found everywhere and have a complex distribution. On the right bank of the Kawazu River there is a terrace,110 m or so in relative height, which is chiefly made up of andesitic big gravels; and on the left bank is a enountainous area,110∼ 120 m in relative height. As to the geological structure, many investigators presume that there happened a fault from north to south along the Kawazu River. After this fault, it seems, there occurred another fault from east to west, which caused the layers to be cut into pieces.
    (1) It can be deduced, from topography, geology, Cl- content, temperature of underground water, that flow from thermal water in the central part (the spa of Mine) runs out into the right bank of the lower stream and into the plain of the left bank.
    (2) It seems that hot water of the spa of Mine flows down, underground at the depth of 200∼ 300 m, along the Kawazu River, raising the subteranean temperature and that of underground water of the plain on either side of the Kawazu River.
    (3) The hot spring areas contain a vary large amount of Cl-, and this amount becomes lower, according as we go downstream. Judging from topography and geology, the high amount of C1- content in Tanaka area cannot be considered to be due to fossil sea salts. So this is perhaps because of thermal water flowing, along the crack of the layers, and staying in the hole.
    (4) The relation between underground water and hot spring water could be traced by investigating the distribution of pH a little more minutely. According to the result of investigation, pH of the underground water is 5.0-6.8, showing slight acidic reaction; while pH of water in the Yazu hot springs is 7.0-8.6, and pH of water in the Mine hot springs is 7.3-8.7, showing alkaline reaction.
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