To adapt to the frequent urban floods, policies that promote the relocation of settlements in flood-prone areas to safer grounds are considered adequate, but various problems and challenges are expected. Thus, as part of fundamental research, this paper focuses on the decision making of households affected by flooding, whether they stay put or transfer residences in other safer areas of the city. The objectives of this study are the following: (1) to determine the flooding experience of residents and (2) to understand the decision making process of households to relocate or not after flooding and to determine the significant factors affecting the decision in Cagayan de Oro City, Philippines. An online survey was conducted to determine the previous and current residential location if the respondent transferred, including personal information of the respondents and household characteristics. Moreover, by applying Logistic regression analysis, the influential variables were determined. The analysis revealed that residents' decision to relocate was influenced by their flooding experience, causing severe damage to their households.

The impact of rainfall intensity on the traffic volume of different links in the Bangkok road network was investigated using traffic data obtained from Bluetooth detectors placed at intersections. A macroscopic fundamental diagram (MFD) was used to compare the performance of the remaining (degraded) network across the various city road links in conditions of no rain, light rain, moderate rain, and heavy rain. Results of the MFD parameters, namely the free-flow speed and maximum capacity value were applied to volume-delay functions to measure network-wide traffic performance. Heavy rain increased total travel time in the network by 128 %, while average speed decreased by 41.17%. Results confirmed that rainfall intensity had a significant impact on traffic flow characteristics of an urban road network.

Independent waste management can be beneficial for the environment and the community. Community-based waste management (waste bank) is an alternative solution for addressing the increasing volume of waste. The main objective of this study is to determine the best descriptors of intention to recycling behavior among the waste bank community in the city of Semarang, using the theory of planned behavior (TPB). A questionnaire survey was conducted to obtain data from a waste bank community. Valid data were received from 361 respondents from 35 waste bank communities in 11 sub-districts in Semarang. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was conducted to analyze the relationship between attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavior control, and effectiveness recognition of waste bank through intention recycling behavior among waste bank communities. The results of the SEM analysis indicate that subjective norms, with a standardized estimate coefficient of 0.622, has the most positive impact and plays a significant role in intention recycling behavior in a waste bank community. Attitude is the second variable that positively affects recycling intention behavior, with a standardized estimate coefficient of 0.087 and a p-value of 0.149, followed by perceived behavior control, with a standardized estimate coefficient of 0.057 and a p-value of 0.217. Effectiveness recognition of waste bank has the least positive impact on recycling intention behavior, with a standardized estimate coefficient of 0.044 and a p-value of 0.583.

In recent years, it has become clear that higher education is required to raise environmental awareness, and the importance of higher education is increasing. Recently, the importance of fostering an independent learning attitude. has been emphasized in higher education. From the viewpoint of higher education, it has been clarified that the emotions of students improve learning motivation, and in addition, the research on learning motivation and independent learning attitude is increasing. The purpose of this study is to clarify how college commitment, as positioned in university students' emotions, mediates learning motivation and influences their independent learning attitudes. Therefore, we conducted a questionnaire survey and analyzed the students (first-year students, third-year students) in a small liberal arts university. As a result, it was clarified that university commitment mediates learning motivation and influences independent learning attitudes, and shows the adaptability of the model.

Rivers and green spaces in urban areas are used not only for biodiversity conservation but also as a place for environmental education and relaxation for residents. Maintenance after the natural environment in these urban areas has been developed as a nature reserve is indispensable for achieving the intended function. Vegetation maps showing plant species that form the basis of ecosystems and their distribution are important information that forms the basis of maintenance. In this study, we aimed to apply a plant species identification system by deep learning and conducted a plant survey in a conservation green area that requires monitoring in order to acquire data for improving accuracy. A total of 7 plant surveys were conducted to create a data set of plant images, which could be classified with high accuracy by deep learning. However, the accuracy varies depending on the plant species, and the cause of the low correct answer rate was clarified by using SHAP analysis. By improving the imaging method for each plant and selecting the partial images for learning with a large proportion of target plants, it was possible to improve the identification of plants with low accuracy.

This study reveals beneficiary assessment characteristics of a provisioning service provided by pollinators in Japan. This study focuses on local honey produced by honeybee kept in urban environment in Nagasaki and estimated contribution of production site information onto probability to purchase it. This study applied actual purchase setting using university festival to reduce hypothetical bias. Purchasers select one type of honey from three different production site, i.e., local Nagasaki, Japanese national, or foreign place. The result shows high additional value of local honey compared with national or foreign production. The estimated monetary value of local honey is 278 JPY /15g compared with national produced honey (100JPY/15g).

I keep on insisting that it is necessity to practice on what I have presented in the book "New business-management and finance" published in 2006 Eco-cracy as basic philosophy of the natural environment problem. Eco-cracy is Ecosystems cracy → Eco-cracy abbreviation as a new concept for the continuous symbiosis beyond "Democracy". Eco-cracy has the meaning of "seeing by a compound eye with eyes, such as animals and plants, what is depended on imagination (below the same), simultaneously with human's eye." To solve the problems between personal human is possible by pursuing modern "democracy." However, since the "democracy" put only a little natural environment into a view, solution of the problems between human against natural environment needs to be based on the new concept of Eco-cracy . The economic purpose is not in "the rational distribution of resources" only the reason of human's "self-profits", but in the life of all ecological systems being maintained healthfully in principle. In order to attain this purpose of the economy, it is required not to believe only in religion and to pursue economic growth forever, but to make the contents of the human life rich in quality. Therefore, after evil of corona virus, it is required inevitably that we the human being should act based on this Eco-cracy to aim at GHG reduction etc. by urgent decarbonization.

The incidence of heat stroke due to the deterioration of the heat environment increased and has been also observed in the emergency transport data. Risks may change due to changes in indoor and outdoor lifestyles of children and the elderly people, and there is concern that vulnerability may increase. In order to study the improvement measures based on the current situation of these problems, we investigate the trend of the heat stroke incidence rate and analyze the relationship with the geographical conditions in the region between attributes such as age of people and heat stroke. Then, in this study, based on the statistical data on heat stroke that we obtained independently, we used data for each small zone in 7 cities of Kansai region. Furthermore, we clustered each feature and evaluated the relationship with the demographic and geographical features of the small zone using the emergency transport data for heat stroke. We also evaluated what preventive measures should be taken before heat stroke in areas where there is a large number of emergency deliveries due to heat stroke.

In this paper, we report how new nudges, which were used in the COOL CHOICE dissemination and awareness project, work in some verification cases and study the significance and points of attention when using nudges. As a result, we obtained the following findings. In order to implement the aforesaid project effectively, we verified the possibility to improve the designs by the effect of nudges in 10 cases and resulted that 8 of them showed such possibility. The purpose of utilizing a nudge is to improve the design of the public awareness program to enhance the project effect (promotion of behavior change) by trying various measures at a lower cost through assuming the reaction of target persons. To realize that purpose, it is important to incorporate the process to verify improvement effects into the project. The nudge to be used must be “good nudge”, not ”sludge”（bad nudge）. Therefore the CHOICE influenced by nudges must be (1) contributing to public welfare (in this case, decarbonizing action), (2) based on the evidence, and (3) a rational choice.