Purpose：The purpose of this study was to clarify the knowledge required for nursing in outpatient department for diseases of the circulatory system.

Method：Based on the approval of the ethical committees, the data in this study were collected from the medical records of 3 hospitals. The data included patients’ profiles and diagnoses, height, weight, blood pressure, blood test reports, and current medications.

Results：There were 721 outpatient subjects （421 men, 300 women）, with a mean age of 58.1 ± 10.7 （mean ± SD） years. The average treatment period was 67.2 months. The mean number of diagnoses per subject was 4.5±2.2, and 91.8% of subjects had multiple diagnoses. Outpatients with hypertensive diseases （403） were the most numerous. A total of 350 subjects （48.5%） had both diseases of the circulatory system and endocrine, nutritional, or metabolic diseases.

Discussion：The knowledge most required for nursing in an outpatient department for diseases of the circulatory system was that regarding the nursing of outpatients with hypertensive diseases. Nearly 50% of outpatients required the knowledge of both diseases of the circulatory system and metabolic diseases.

The purpose of this study was to examine by comparing ideas and tendencies of students regarding the content of play suggested for an infant suffering from a thighbone fracture under traction therapy, by students of nursing and childcare departments. The authors analyzed the play for a hospitalized infant under traction therapy suggested by 54 nursing students and 38 childcare students after receiving their consent, and the reasons why they suggested the play. Results indicated that nursing students usually suggested static （passive） play that could be done on bed, whereas childcare students usually suggested dynamic （active） play, such as playing with a ball. It is concluded that nursing students gave priority to rest and treatment of the fractured bone from a medical perspective, whereas childcare students paid attention to the development of the child from the standpoint of infant education, such as bringing up emotions, will, and attitude. The results indicate that future nursing education should attempt to foster students that can suggest active play to help children under treatment restrictions to live as normally as possible by taking their developmental stage into consideration.

To grasp how far students have learned the skills necessary for the development of pediatric nursing process, 35 students evaluated their own 12 skills with a five-grade Likert-type scale before and after intramural seminars and after clinical training, and then their evaluation results were analyzed to have the findings below.

１．The self-evaluation scores of all the 12 skills after the clinical training were highest.

２．The self-evaluation scores of “assessment of growth/development” and “listing of problems” after the intramural seminars were significantly higher than the scores of the same before the intramural seminars. The self-evaluation score of “concrete care plan” after the intramural seminars was significantly lower than the score of the same before the intramural seminars.

３．The self-evaluation scores of the skills other than “overall relational picture” after the clinical training were significantly higher than the scores of the same after the intramural seminars .

The point of intramural seminars is to teach students the skill of assessing the growth and development of infants. The point of clinical training is to teach students how to set nursing goals and make care plans so that they can grasp the overall pictures of patients.

【Purpose】This study aims to investigate how do student nurses recognize and cope with mental and physical violence experienced during practical field training.

【Method】Questionnaire survey：Subjects for this study were 182 3rd-grade female students in 8 nursing schools （3-year course）. These schools approved the participation of these students into this study.

【Results and discussion】

１．28.0% of the subjects have recognized mental and physical violence, and 21.6% of them have experienced these multiple times.

２．Regarding mental and physical violence, the incidence of verbal violence was the highest （42.2%） followed by sexual harassment （21.9%）.

３．51.9% of the perpetrators of verbal violence were the personnel of the training facilities, and 85.7% of the perpetrators of sexual harassment were patients in the facilities.

４．After experiencing violence, the subjects have had mental influences, such as “recurrence of the scene of experiencing violence.”

５．Among the subjects who had experienced violence, marks of stress coping skills, such as “trying to calm down my feelings by asking somebody to listen to me,” and “trying to feel better by complaining about something to somebody,” were significantly high. In this way, they have reduced their stress levels.