Aim: Concepts evolve over time. Therefore, the characteristics of the concept “Anraku” may have changed as well. This study aims to identify the evolution of “Anraku” in Japanese nursing and its definition in literature.

Methods: The concept analysis method described by Rodgers & Knafl (2000) was used to analyze the data. The analysis of changes in “Anraku” over time was observed by 84 references between 1973 to 2020, and the attributes, antecedents, and consequences of the concepts were examined by 38 references from 2008 to 2020.

Results: Initially, it was perceived to be as the physical and psychological aspects of patients; however, later, it was later perceived more holistically. Three attributes of “Anraku” were identified: “relief,” “pleasantness,” and “individuality.” In Japanese nursing, “Anraku” is defined as a patient’s feeling of relief, pleasantness and their “individuality.”

Conclusions: The current characteristics of “Anraku,” which have evolved over time, were revealed. We believe that the attributes, antecedents, and consequences of “Anraku” can be utilized as assessment perspectives and nursing goals.

Objective: This study aimed to clarify the concept of “collaborative learning in fundamental nursing education” and examine effectiveness of educational method in it.

Method: We used Walker & Avant’s (2005/2008) concept analysis method for this study.

Results: From 41 original papers and books are researched, the following five attributes were identified: “Mutually beneficial cooperation that facilitates learning,” “Interaction between learners and others,” “Individuals take responsibility for learning outcomes,” “Learning social skills” and “Process of improvement.” Furthermore, two antecedents that were found, were: “Desire for cooperative learning” and “Planning by teachers.” Three consequences were: “Deepening of learning,” “Improving learning skills,” and “Promotion of independent attitude formation.”

Conclusion: This study found that the concept of collaborative learning in fundamental nursing education is “a process of building mutually beneficial working relationships that promote learning based on interaction between learners and others, promoting learning of social skills and encouraging individuals to take responsibility for learning outcomes, and an educational activity in which the process of improvement is important.” It was suggested that collaborative learning is a useful educational method for an in-depth learning and educating attitudes in nursing education in Japan.

Aim: To identify research articles on evidence-based practice (EBP) and its adjacent areas to reveal the characteristics of the studies

Methods: In August 2022, a literature search was conducted in Ichushi Web and PubMed for studies containing research results on EBP among Japanese nurses, nursing students, and nursing faculty. EBP-related terms from these literature titles and/or abstracts were extracted, tabulated, and also described examples that were not judged to be EBP-related studies.

Results: Of the 745 articles that included EBP-related terms in the title or abstract, 186 were potentially EBP-related studies, including research findings with EBP. The most frequently included EBP-related terms were those related to “evidence.” However, some articles did not state the meaning of “evidence” or have used “evidence” in a context that is different from its definition in EBP.

Conclusion: Published EBP-related studies among Japanese nurses, nursing students, and nursing faculty are lacking. Thus, the quality of reporting EBP-related studies needs further improvement to identify such studies.

Objective: The aim of this scoping review was to clarify nursing interventions and their effects for the prevention of preterm birth.

Methods: We researched domestic and international studies based on Ichu-shi Web, PubMed, CINAHL Plus with Full Text, and the Cochrane Library. We included intervention studies aimed at preventing preterm birth and studies that included the number of preterm births or preterm birth rates in their outcomes.

Result: Twenty-seven studies were selected. Most of the nursing interventions were carried out by trained care providers. We identified interventions with a single item and those with a complex combination of items. The effect of the intervention differed depending on the timing of its initiation. Nursing intervention items can be classified as follows: ‘preparing the body’, ‘preparing the mind’, and ‘preparing the environment’.

Conclusion: A combination of nursing interventions to prevent preterm birth is effective when provided by trained caregivers on an ongoing basis from the first trimester.

Objectives: To perform the concept analysis of “Positive living” for patients living with chronic illness and clarify its definition.

Methods: The Walker & Avant method of concept analysis was employed on 45 papers.

Results: Four attributes, namely “sense of control over illnesses,” “reconstruction of interrelationships with the surrounding,” “new sense of oneself,” and “creation of new values,” six prerequisites, and three consequences were extracted.

Conclusion: This concept was defined as “Patients living with chronic illness proactively and positively manage and adjust fitting oneself via relationships with the surrounding, accept the limitations of their illness, have the feeling of controlling illness, and find new values and sense of oneself.”

Purpose: This study aimed to elucidate the cesarean birth experience and obtain suggestions for nursing practice and research through a review of the literature.

Methods: Literature was identified from three databases: PubMed, CINAHL, Ichushi-Web. A total of 25 references were selected and the content from the review was organized.

Results: Patients who underwent cesarean delivery reported the following experiences: feeling supported by medical personnel, not receiving care from medical personnel, having positive feelings, having negative feelings, no difference in satisfaction with delivery compared to vaginal delivery, distress due to post-cesarean pain, and fear caused by the cesarean section.

Conclusions: This study suggests that understanding the factors that influence a woman’s birth experience could be applied to midwifery practices.

Purpose: To comprehensively review studies examining facilitator facilitation skills required for simulation education and extract the components of these skills.

Method: we conducted a narrative review by searching Ichushi-Web, PubMED, CIHAHL, MEDLINE and ProQuest in English and Japanese.

Results: The secondary screening yielded 16 pieces of literature for review. Seven components of facilitator skills were identified, including the creation of a scenario framing and the provision of a safe environment.

Conclusion: The results of this study revealed that to match the learning styles of learners, facilitator skills require the ability to deepen experiential learning, such as giving signals at appropriate timing, supporting debriefing, and functioning as a role model.

Purposes: This scoping review aimed to systematically map quantitative evidence regarding the mental health of parents caring for technology-dependent children at home and to identify research gaps.

Methods: This review was conducted following the Arksey & O’Malley framework and PRISMA Extension for scoping reviews. The original articles regarding the mental health of parents caring for technology-dependent children up to 18 years old at home, written in English or Japanese, were selected.

Results: Seventeen articles were included. Parental mental health problems, such as depression, anxiety, caregiver burden, stress, decreased quality of life, sleep disturbances, and burnout were reported.

Conclusions: This review suggested that parents caring for technology-dependent children at home experienced various mental health problems. Therefore, it is required to expand research regarding the mental health of parents caring for technology-dependent children.

Objective: This study conducts a comprehensive review of the living conditions and experiences of older parents of people with disabilities in Japan to better understand their lives.

Methods: Following Arksey & O’Malley (2005), this study conducted a scoping review based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines using the following keywords: children or persons with disabilities, family, parents, mothers, fathers, and life. Literature on the living conditions of parents of persons with disabilities, published starting in 2000, was selected using the Ichushi Web and CiNii Research.

Results: A total of 21 articles were included in the review. The results showed that older parents of persons with disabilities continue to take on a caring role for their children, even if their children live in different places, such as institutions, impacting their lives and health. Parents also had psychological difficulties associated with the transition of their children’s care and living arrangements. In addition, these parents experienced anxiety about their children’s future, which was compounded by their own experiences of aging and overlapping health problems and family issues.

Conclusion: The results suggest the need for increased support for older parents of persons with disabilities to improve their lives and health.

Objective: This study aimed to elucidate the tactics to expand daily life while managing symptoms among adolescent patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease(IBD)by synthesizing domestic and foreign research literature. Additionally, it seeks to obtain recommendations for nursing support in this context.

Methods: A literature search was performed using Ichushi Web, PubMed, and CINAHL databases.

Results: In examining the tactics to expand daily life while managing symptoms of adolescent patients with IBD, we identified four categories: “Disclose diagnosis to friends to gain understanding and support for my disease”, “Device my lifestyle that maintains a balance between my disease and normal myself”, “Continue my self-management with help”, “Get closer to independence through leaving home”.

Conclusion: Adolescent patients with IBD actively seek self-care tactics while seeking support. It is imperative to acknowledge and support their aspirations for independence. Nursing support should be offered from a comprehensive, patient-centered perspective, aligning with the individual needs and goals of the patients.

Aim: To identify nurses’ involvement with pregnant women who are victims of domestic violence (DV) in obstetric facilities that have organized efforts to screen and support victims of DV and those that do not.

Methods: This qualitative descriptive study conducted semi-structured interviews with nurses who had asked about DV or had heard about disclosure statements by women. The collected data were then analyzed.

Results: Nurses who were working or had worked in institutions with organizational efforts followed the basic rules of the organization or used their experience to create a safe and secure environment. They understood the impact of violence and the associated feelings. They also directly identified the situation of violence and provided individualized support aimed at restoring women’s power. Conversely, nurses with little experience in learning about DV who had worked in institutions without organizational efforts provided only basic nursing responses, continued to be involved without directly asking about the violence, and were unclear about individual support.

Conclusion: Organizational efforts and continuing education of nurses on violence and trauma are essential in responding to DV.

Objective: The aim of this study is to conduct action research based on the relational coordination theory for discharge support in order to clarify the process of changes occurring in interprofessional work.

Method: The study design is Action research, which was conducted for 6 months. The study participants include sixteen professionals who are involved in discharge support, of which five people promoted the study as core members. Twelve patients and their families who required discharge support were interviewed by two or more professionals based on the RC theory (shared goals, shared knowledge, mutual respect, and communication), then the results were reflected.

Results: We analyzed 12 cases and found three phases from the perspective of changes in interprofessional work. Phase 1 was “becoming aware of discrepancies in discharge goals when conducting discharge support done by the book as well as the fact that they were not trying to understand the patients’ thoughts”. Phase 2 was “as the professionals attending the interview for discharge increase, creativity is improved by seeing and hearing the stories of the patients and their families together. Phase 3 was “having a progress in coping ability to meet the challenges patients and their families are facing by increasing interprofessional dependency”.

Conclusions: Through the action research based on the relational coordination theory the changing process of interprofessional work in discharge support was clarified.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess surrogate decision-making support by nurses in the emergency medical field in the Kyushu area, and to clarify the related factors to it.

Methods: A questionnaire was conducted among 603 nurses in an emergency and critical care center in the Kyushu, Japan area. The survey items included a nursing practice scale for measuring support for surrogate decision-makers of terminal care in the intensive and critical care unit. A statistical analysis was conducted using the surrogate decision-making support practice scale score as the dependent variable and the other items as independent variables.

Results: There were 123 subjects in the analysis. A multiple regression analysis revealed that moral sensitivity (β = .296, p < .001), years of nursing experience (β = –.203, p = .021), difficulties with surrogate decision-making support (β = –.183, p = .033), and support from qualified nurses (β = .189, p = .032) related to the practices surrogate decision-making support.

Conclusion: The results showed that moral sensitivity, years of nursing experience, difficulties with surrogate decision-making support, and support from qualified nurses related to the practices associated with surrogate decision-making support.

Aim: This study aims to identify factors such as family involvement that enabled the abstinence of gambling problems for more than one year.

Method: We conducted semi-structured interviews with 17 members of the mutual-support group for families of gambling disorder (GD) patients and administered a qualitative descriptive analysis.

Result: We extracted eleven categories from the results of interviews with family members. We organised these categories into four groups: 1. Recognition of reality, 2. Fundamental behavioural modifications, 3. Advanced behavioural adjustments, and 4. Shifts in awareness, based on the fact that family support promotes the change in cognition and behaviour through the concept of cognitive-behavioural therapy. We observed that the families of GD patients not only recognised the codependency situation and its adverse consequences but also accepted support for themselves and delineated clear boundaries with the patients. Moreover, in the process of behavioural changes to get out of the codependence, they accepted the patients’ growth and recognised the interaction between the recovery of families and patients.

Discussion: The family’s recognition of the problem and the manifestation of changes in their behaviour and awareness contributed to abstinence from domestic gambling problems. These findings support the importance of family support in the treatment of GD.

Objective: To clarify the factors associated with the career plateauing of mid-career nurses working in acute care hospitals and the relationship between career plateauing and career commitment.

Methods: A questionnaire survey was distributed to 1,220 mid-career nurses at 14 hospitals located at the Tokyo metropolitan area with more than 400 beds; 429 responses were statistically analyzed.

Results: Multiple regression analysis indicated that the hierarchical plateauing was significantly lower when nurses perceived that their organization had clear promotion criteria and their supervisors interacted well with them. Furthermore, content plateauing was significantly lower when the nurses had certain career goals and opportunities to interact with colleagues and was significantly associated with career commitment.

Conclusion: The results suggest that reducing nurses’ content career plateauing is essential to increase their career commitment. Furthermore, suggestions to reduce the plateauing include increasing the awareness of career plans, clarifying promotion criteria, and strengthening supervisors’ roles in creating a workplace environment where colleagues can motivate each other.

Objective: This study aimed to develop the Individual and Organizational Readiness Assessment Scale for Public Health Nurses’ Decision-making to Address Child Neglect and examine its reliability and validity.

Methods: The study developed a scale draft using a literature review and public health nurses’ opinions. A 47-item, 5-point Likert-type questionnaire was administered to public health nurses engaged in maternal and children’s health and child and family welfare in Japan. In total 359 valid responses were included in the analysis.

Results: Regarding the goodness-of-fit indices of the final model of the confirmatory factor analysis, they were as follows: GFI = .952, AGFI = .931, CFI = .967, and RMSEA = .046. The scale comprises four 15-item factors, namely ‘Individual public health nurse values and attitudes’, ‘Individual public health nurse skills’, ‘Perceptions and relationships within the workplace’, and ‘Perceptions of and relationships with related agencies. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for the overall scale was .871, and the coefficient for criterion-related validity was .465.

Conclusion: The analysis confirmed the rating scale’s reliability and validity. The scale can be used to assess the readiness of individual public health nurses and organizations to make decisions for addressing neglect.

Objective: This study aimed to approach the subjective of children with trisomy 18 from the narratives of their mother by adopting Merleau-Ponty’s concept of “intercorporeality”.

Methods: The phenomenological research method employing Merleau-Ponty’s concept of “intercorporeality” was used. Additionally, we used Sartre’s concept to explain the quality of life (QOL) of children with trisomy 18.

Results: A child that was provided one-sided “the nature of a child with trisomy 18” reduced “quality of life”. Conversely, the child proved that he was able to live, he was able to grasp the “nature of himself” and improved his QOL, if they were not able to accept the social values that they withdrew from society and lived a minimal QOL.

Conclusion: We found that the QOL of children with trisomy 18 could be enhanced by social participation, but depending on the social values, they were forced to withdraw from society and their QOL decreased to a minimum value.

Objective: This study aimed to clarify the stress and desired support of mothers with infants hospitalized in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) or growing care unit (GCU) during hospitalization and for 1 month after discharge.

Methods: A survey of mothers, which used self-reported questionnaires, was conducted at discharge and 1 month later. SF-8, STAI, Hanazawa’s Feelings toward Baby Scale, stressors, and desired support were included. The results were then analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and mothers’ descriptions were analyzed via qualitative analysis.

Results: We included 20 mothers. When their infants were hospitalized in an NICU/GCU, their stress was from “restricted visitation due to the Covid-19 pandemic. ” After discharge, their stress was from “difficulty in reacting to their baby’s cry.” When their infants were hospitalized in the NICU/GCU, they wanted to “secure visitation.” After discharge, they wanted a nurse “to be a consultant and supporter who remains close to them after discharge from the hospital.” The Physical Component Summary from the SF-8 and the scores from Hanazawa’s Feelings toward Baby Scale at 1 month after discharge were significantly higher than those at hospitalization. No significant change in STAI was observed, but stressors related to anxiety were found both at hospitalization and after discharge.

Conclusion: The stress of mothers was affected by the Covid-19 pandemic. Thus, providing support to mothers is necessary to help them understand their babies and adapt to their changing family roles. Additionally, care for mothers should continue after discharge.

Objective: This study clarified the nursing care provided to the victims of the Japan Airlines flight 123 crash, focusing on autopsies, treatment, and victim identification.

Methods: A historical research. We included reports from relevant institutions involved in the autopsies, treatment, identification, and care of the bereaved families in this accident, as well as literature written by medical professionals involved, and the notes written by the bereaved families.

Results: Nurses from the prefectural government, the medical association, and the Japanese Red Cross Society were actively involved in the autopsies. The nurses assisted bereaved families in their search for the bodies of their loved ones, restoring damaged bodies using cotton, newspapers, and cardboards. The identified bodies were dressed in kimonos prepared by the family and the items were placed in coffins. Some of the nurses who participated in the activity had flashbacks of the scenes and emotions of the time even after months or years had passed and exhibited symptoms such as loss of appetite and insomnia.

Conclusion: Through the treatment of severely damaged bodies, the nursing profession preserved the dignity of the deceased and assisted the families in bereavement of the dead. SEITAI was an emergent nursing practice based on the fundamentals of nursing to assist people experiencing bereavement in harsh conditions.

Purpose: To verify reliability and validity in developing the Japanese version of the nursing profession self-efficacy scale (NPSS).

Method: The translation scale was developed in accordance with the translation scale guidelines by the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research task force. The scale by Caruso et al. (2016) was used as an original version. The subjects were nurses working in general hospitals. An anonymous self-administered questionnaire was sent to them by mail.

Results: Internal consistency with Cronbach’s α = was .925, item-total correlation coefficient r = .413 – .734, retest method r > .812, and KMO measure .94. Model fit included CFI = .865 and RMSEA = .069.

Conclusion: Results suggested that this scale is reliable and valid.

Purpose: We examined the efficacy of a nursing program on patients’ eating behaviors after surgery for esophageal cancer.

Methods: The subjects were patients who had undergone subtotal esophagectomy under right thoracotomy/laparotomy for esophageal cancer and gastric tube reconstruction. Patients before the introduction of this program were assigned to a control group, and those after its introduction to an intervention group. This program consisted of swallowing training for postoperative dysphagia according to a flow chart, and patient guidance to prevent postprandial discomfort and adjust dietary intake. Swallowing function tests were performed before surgery and on discharge. The body weight, dietary intake, daily number of meals, and EORTC QLQ-C30/QLQ-OES18 from the preoperative baseline until 3 months after surgery were investigated and analyzed.

Results: Of 26 subjects in the control group and 25 in the intervention group, recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis was observed after surgery in 4 each. The intervention group was able to control the number of meals in accordance with food intake compared to the control group, but there was no significant difference in dietary intake and preoperative weight ratio. However, 3 months after surgery, the QLQ-OES18 scores for choking when swallowing significantly decreased and the QLQ-C30 scores for mental functions significantly increased.

Conclusion: These results suggest that this program reduces symptoms, such as choking when swallowing, improving mental functions of quality of life.

Objective: This study aimed to identify and develop a structural model of the end of-life care provided by certified nurse specialists and certified nurses for patients with difficulty weaning from extracorporeal membrane oxygenation [ECMO] and their families.

Methods: The study design employed a mixed research method with a double-phase exploratory design. A questionnaire survey comprising of 54 qualitatively selected items was conducted with 455 certified nurse specialists and certified nurses. The obtained data were analyzed using structural equation modeling.

Results: We derived a structural model of the end-of-life care for patients with difficulty weaning from extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and their families, consisting of five factors that culminate in [seek the peace of mind of the family], starting with [respecting and fulfilling the patient’s wishes in the imminent situation of ECMO circuit exchange], leading to [being with patients and their families accepting the imminent situation of difficult ECMO withdrawal], while being influenced by [ensuring the patient’s life by reflecting one’s practice concerning comfort and continuity of ECMO in a limited ICU environment] and [working as a multidisciplinary team specializing in ECMO for patient’s best interest and outcomes].

Conclusion: Expert nurses took care of the uncertain and imminent situation and were close by patients and families, providing care for the patient to live to the fullest in the ICU environment.

Objective: To identify family caregivers’ surrogate decision-making processes regarding withholding or withdrawing artificial hydration and nutrition in the end-of-life care of older adults.

Methods: Nine family caregivers were interviewed, and the data were analyzed using a modified grounded theory approach.

Results: Family caregivers searched for meaning in the turmoil of having to make medical decisions but felt distress when others’ voices disrupted their decision-making about the patient’s gastrostomy and end-of-life care. Respondents reported experiencing remorse, and the feeling that they were abandoning the patient’s life. Caregivers questioned whether the provision of intravenous fluids constituted a cure or a life extension, but they had hope for a natural and peaceful end to the patient’s life. Caregivers made sense of their experience of surrogate decision-making in an uncertain life, not as surrogate decision-makers but simply as family members watching over an older adult in their final days.

Conclusion: Family caregivers experienced anguish and conflict when making surrogate decisions about withholding or withdrawing artificial hydration and nutrition for older adult family members, and they tried to make sense of these difficult experiences in the context of their relationships with those family members.

Purpose: To clarify the growth process of nurses who requested job rotation from the operating room to surgical wards by making use of their operative nursing experience.

Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 nurses, who had been assigned to the operating room for more than 5 years immediately after graduation, and then reassigned to the surgical wards due to job rotation upon their request. The obtained data were analyzed using the M-GTA.

Results: The nurses after job rotation from the operating room were [realizing that they could not acquire sufficient nursing skills in the operating room] and made [efforts to resolve the gap between their years of nursing experience and current situation]. And through [experience of making use of specialized operative nursing skills], they came to [realizing the value of their own existence as a person with operative nursing experience] and developed [a deeper nursing perspective]. The experience in both the operating room and the hospital ward led to [visualization of a career in which they can leverage their strengths].

Conclusions: After job rotation from the operating room, the nurse utilize their specialized skills in operative nursing to grew into nurses with the ability to practice perioperative nursing with interacting with patients and nursing staff. This growth process may be a useful career development model for operating room nurses.

Objective: We developed a training program for home-visiting nurses caring for terminal patients, called Program of End-of-life care for home visiting NUrses Training (PENUT). We therefore sought to examine the effectiveness of this program in a randomized controlled trial.

Methods: We randomly assigned home-visiting nurses to either an intervention group or a wait-list control group. PENUT consists of 20 lectures (two days) and 2 exercises (one day). Questionnaires regarding attributes, attitudes toward terminal care, and the number of home end-of-life care cases were administered at baseline and after each group training session.

Results: There were 62 participants in the intervention group and 59 in the wait-list control group who participated in all programs and surveys. After the training sessions, nurses in the intervention group were significantly more positive about caring for dying patients (3.2 ± 5.1 vs 0.5 ± 4.1), more confident in terminal care (0.63 ± 0.78 vs 0.28 ± 0.79), and more confident in communicating with physicians (0.52 ± 0.72 vs 0.04 ± 0.60) and having less difficulty in symptom palliation (–0.43 ± 0.92 vs 0.07 ± 0.75) than were those in the wait-list control groups.

Conclusions: PENUT was found to be effective in improving home-visiting nurses’ knowledge and attitudes in end-of-life care.

Objective: This study examined the reliability and usability of the Lasater Clinical Judgment Rubric Japanese Version (LCJR-J).

Methods: The simulations of seven students were evaluated by four raters using the LCJR-J, and the rate of agreement between the raters was calculated. The students self-evaluated their simulations, and the LCJR-J scores given by the students and raters were compared. Group interviews were conducted to qualitatively and inductively analyze the LCJR-J’s usability.

Results: Calculating the concordance rate showed that the reliability between raters was within an acceptable range. No significant differences in LCJR-J scores were observed between students and raters, except for “evaluation/self-analysis.” Regarding usability, students identified “advantage through utilization,” “visualization of the continuous learning process,” “inclination toward simple evaluation,” “utilization according to level,” and “learning support through positive expression.” Meanwhile, raters highlighted “usefulness as an evaluation indicator,” “focusing on the thought of clinical judgment,” “support of development for nursing practice,” “evaluation of clinical simulation,” and “inclination toward valid evaluation.”

Conclusion: The LCJR-J evaluation demonstrates a certain level of concordance, facilitates sharing of clinical judgment perspectives, and has the potential to be used as a developmental rubric through its use in continuous dialogue.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to develop a program to enhance self-compassion in nursing students and to determine its effectiveness in preventing burnout.

Methods: A three-session group class program was conducted for 157 second-year nursing students at a general hospital. The program measured attributes, burnout, and self-compassion, and the mean values of each variable before and after the intervention were compared, and the relationship between the amount of change in each variable was examined.

Results: The 126 respondents who provided valid responses were included in the analysis. Self-compassion significantly increased after the intervention, and “common humanity” and “over-identification” among the sub-factors increased and decreased, respectively. Regarding burnout, although there was no significant difference in the total score before and after the intervention, the subfactor “decreased sense of personal accomplishment” was significantly improved, while “depersonalization” was significantly increased.

Conclusion: Based on these results, this program is potentially effective in increasing self-compassion among nursing students. We further discuss the usefulness of self-compassion in preventing burnout, along with related future directions.

Aim: The purpose of this study is to explore practical training nurses’ support for teachers to provide medical care safely to technology-dependent (TD) children attending special needs schools.

Methods: Self-report questionnaires asking about support for teachers were provided to 456 nurses working at special needs schools. The results were analyzed using simple tabulation of each question and by using qualitative content analysis of free descriptions. Semistructured interviews with 15 nurses working alongside TD children in special needs schools were also conducted. These data were analyzed qualitatively and inductively.

Results: Nurses’ primary objective was to provide safety, security, and comfort of TD children. Nurses have built relationships with teachers and they knew and understood teacher mentality. They have realized the need to support teachers in providing medical care, and entrusted them to play center. Nurses and teachers have learned from each other’s experiences in taking care of TD children.

Conclusions: These findings suggest that it is important for nurses to cultivate a learner’s attitude from their experiences to build relationships with teachers and trust them, and to realize the implications of supporting teachers in providing medical care.

Objective: This study investigated the benefits and burdens of participation in qualitative research experienced by bereaved mothers whose children died of cancer. The study also considered the ethical considerations of including these subjects.

Methods: Data from 12 bereaved mothers, descriptions of the interactions between the researcher and the participants during interviews throughout the research process, and responses to a questionnaire administered after the interviews were completed, were analyzed in terms of the benefits and burdens of participating in the study.

Results: The burdens of research participation included pre-interview anxiety, overwhelming feelings related to their children, and sensitive reactions to words within the research statements. Therefore, participants required compassionate care prior to the interview. However, all participants rated their participation in the study as a positive experience. Benefits of the study included “an opportunity to lift the lid on memories held in the heart,” “an opportunity to think about the bereaved child again,” and “increased strength to live gained through the telling of the story.”

Conclusion: Bereavement research is meant to be a form of care that, with appropriate ethical considerations, can bring many benefits to the vulnerable participants. In practice, ethical researchers should increase their clinical sensitivities, work with utmost integrity, and be flexible.

Objectives: To clarify the priorities among political competencies to be fostered in nursing students during Prelicensure Nursing Education.

Method: Web surveys (through SurveyMonkey) using the Delphi technique were conducted three times to faculty members teaching nursing administration or nursing policy courses at 284 universities. Participants were instructed to answer 77 items across eight categories regarding policy competencies in terms of their priorities in learning during Prelicensure Nursing Education by seven-point scale.

Results: 35 responded to all three survey. The highest priorities were “have a keen interest in social issues,” “learn laws related to nursing practice,” “notice changes in medical care and patient awareness with reference to changes in society,” “keep relevant issues in mind and ponder for the solution,” and “be mindful and reflect on one’s own speech and behavior.” On the other hand, priority was low on having knowledge of economics, knowledge of political science, etc.

Conclusion: This study’s results highlight the significance of establishing an education system of basic political competencies with high priorities regarding knowledge, awareness, and attitudes that lay the foundation for political thinking in students at nursing colleges.

Objective: To clarify the factors of hospital wards that are related to overtime work by nurses.

Method: Data obtained from an anonymous self-administered questionnaire survey of 1,215 staff nurses enrolled in 62 wards at six facilities (General ward hospitalization basic fee 1 and special function 7 to 1) were combined with the data from the 2021 Report on the Bed Functions. We verified the factors that affect overtime hours by using a three-level multi-level analysis.

Results: Overtime hours for the subjects in this study were approximately 2 hours per day shift. When the average number of patients per nursing staff in the ward increased by 1, the average overtime hours in the ward increased by 10.5 minutes. Conversely, the percentage of critically ill patients in the ward, the average length of stay, and the number of emergency hospitalizations per bed displayed no significant effect.

Conclusion: The findings suggest that overtime hours in each ward could be reduced by increasing nurse staffing levels.

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of resilience support for community-dwelling patients with schizophrenia by visiting nurses.

Methods: We conducted a self-administered questionnaire survey before and 2 and 3 months after the initiation of intervention. The patients were divided into an intervention group using home-visit nursing facility and daycare services (23: regular support provided in psychiatric home-visit nursing + resilience support) and a control group (21: regular support only).

Results: The intervention group showed improvement in terms of attitudes toward treatment, subjective well-being, and disease and deterioration prevention as consequences of resilience support for people with mental disorders, and the health status was markedly improved at 2 and 3 months after the initiation of intervention than before it.

Conclusion: Resilience support by visiting nurses may be effective in helping community-dwelling patients with schizophrenia by improving attitudes (e.g. readiness, awareness) toward treatment, subjective well-being, self-efficacy within the community, and mental function.

Objective: To clarify the psychological process from the background of considering cosmetic surgery to after downtime.

Methods: Ten patients who had undergone cosmetic eyelid surgery were interviewed and analyzed using a modified version of the grounded theory approach.

Results: The results consisted of six categories: “dissatisfaction” “conflict” “patience” “disappointment” “long-awaited”and “satisfaction”. We traced the development process from dissatisfaction to satisfaction to an increase in mood.

Conclusion: The subjects spent all periods of time with contrasting feelings of satisfaction and dissatisfaction, anxiety, and expectation. In addition, since they always included feelings of concern about the public’s view, the nurses involved in cosmetic surgery need to approach them with a positive attitude. In addition, the importance of follow-up care was suggested because the degree of invasiveness of cosmetic surgery has a significant psychological impact on the subject.

Objective: To examine the judgment of visiting nurses with regard to heart failure exacerbations based on “different than usual” daily life and symptoms of patients.

Methods: Five visiting nurses with experience in treating patients with heart failure were interviewed. The interview contents were analyzed qualitatively and descriptively.

Results: The results showed that the following five approaches were used in making judgments: “Visiting patients with understanding of their usual daily life”, “Suspecting exacerbation of heart failure based on unusual words, behaviors and symptoms”, “Searching for unusual causes based on the pathology of heart failure”, “Estimating activity and cardiac load that may be different than usual”, and “Confirming heart failure and recognizing that this is different than usual”.

Conclusion: “Different than usual” indicates differences from usual daily life. Visiting nurses used the behavior of patients to “evaluate usual daily life and physical conditions”, which allowed recognition of a change in the normal situation of a patient with heart failure. These findings suggest that exacerbation of heart failure can be detected using a “patient’s own signs of exacerbation”.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to clarify the challenges faced by Chinese nurses who changed their workplace after 3 years of working in Japan in the process of new workplace adaptation.

Method: We conducted a qualitative and descriptive analysis of the data obtained in a semi-structured interview with 13 Chinese nurses who changed their workplace after having worked in Japan for three years.

Result: Seven core categories were extracted as challenges of new workplace adaptation faced by Chinese nurses who changed their workplace, such as “The level of Japanese required is high and it is difficult to communicate properly,” “The career of a second-career nurse is not recognized, leading to a decrease in professional self-esteem,” “Cannot efficiently cope with the high workload of acute care nursing.” etc.

Conclusion: The difficulties in adapting to the medical practice for Chinese nurses who changed workplaces after working in Japan for three years were due to a lack of communication skills and insufficient educational support from the workplace. This suggests the need for seamless educational support from the workplace.

Objective: To identify the factors affecting the willingness to use information and communication technology (ICT) in home healthcare nursing tasks using a technology acceptance model (TAM).

Methods: We requested 1,000 home healthcare nursing stations to participate in a web-based survey on the current use of ICT devices, awareness of the need to improve the network connection environment for ICT devices and facilities, survey items on TAM, ICT skills, and anxiety toward computer use. Path analysis using structural equation modeling was conducted for two tasks—preparation of daily home healthcare nursing records and sharing of user information with other institutions—to test the goodness of fit.

Results: The responses obtained from 146 nurses were analyzed. The models developed showed the following association for both tasks: 1) Anxiety toward computer use affected the usability and usefulness of ICT. 2) Usability affected the usefulness. 3) Usefulness affected the attitudes and willingness to use ICT. 4) Attitudes affected the willingness to use. Additionally, a good fit was obtained.

Conclusion: To encourage ICT use, it is important to promote the usefulness of ICT to nurses, provide support to improve the connection and ICT devices, and arrange educational opportunities to relieve anxiety toward computer use.

Objective: To develop an educational program to enhance the interprofessional collaborative competencies of discharge planning nurses and evaluate its efficacy.

Method: The study design is a before-and-after comparison of two groups, one of which participated in the educational program and one of which did not. The intervention group was provided with an online educational program based on the ARCS model featuring experiential learning in a laboratory format intended to promote a conscious effort to continue learning autonomously.

Results: In terms of discharge planning competency, a significant increase was observed in participants’ estimation, consensus-building, and coordination abilities, and in terms of interprofessional collaborative competency, a significant increase was observed in professional conviction and achievement of team goals. However, there was no significant increase in team management, patient-centered care, team cohesion, and professional role performance.

Conclusion: The results suggest that this educational program had the effects of clarifying the roles and beliefs of discharge planning nurses through acquisition of necessary knowledge, peer support, and dialogue with people from various professions who work from home, and cultivating a mindset of proactive engagement through reflection using a rating scale. In the future, it will be necessary to accumulate practical experience in interprofessional collaboration and to provide ongoing in-service training.

Aim: To identify excellent nursing practice and its background factors associated with acquisition of excellent nursing practice by focusing on generalist nurses practicing excellence (high performers).

Methods: Department heads recommended 16 high performers for the study. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, and continuous comparative and qualitative content analyses were conducted.

Results: Seven categories of excellent nursing practice were generated: “intervening intentionally with the patient/family at the right time,” “through dialogue, the patient is convinced and the patient’s attitude becomes proactive” and so on. Five categories of background factors were found; “valuing being close to the patient’s life and fulfilling their wishes leads to action” and so on.

Conclusion: The all categories of excellent nursing practice were related to the core category of background factors of valuing being close to the patient’s life and fulfilling their wishes. Therefore, expressing feelings for patients/families is essential in supporting these practices. Moreover, multiple core categories of background factors were associated with outstanding nursing practice, suggesting that high performers have diverse experiences.

Objective: To describe and understand how the concealment feelings and behaviors of family caregivers of persons with early-onset dementia changed and were eventually disclosed as dementia progressed.

Method: Using a qualitative descriptive research design, data were collected through semi-structured interviews with eight family caregivers of persons with early-onset dementia.

Results & Discussion: “Wanting to maintain privacy,” “stigma,” and “wanting to protect self-image” were extracted as reasons for concealment and their background. In the process of disclosing feelings over time, family caregivers experienced “resistance to disclosure determined by the relationship with the other parson,” “evaluation of the effects after disclosure,” “a desire to fulfill their loved one’s wishes through disclosure,” “need for the support network that can be gained through disclosure which changes as dementia progresses,” “changes in self-stigma associated with disease acceptance,” and “external forces opening the door of disclosure.” These results suggest the need for support that makes a forecast for long-term care life, and that also assesses the family caregiver’s perceptions and values toward hiding or disclosing and understands their feelings.

Aim: To elucidate the importance of elements related to continuation and discontinuation home care in patients with advanced Parkinson’s disease (APD) and explore the factors present among these important elements.

Methods: A survey was conducted among PD self-help group patients and doctors and nurses providing APD care in Japan using a questionnaire created through qualitative analysis of literature.

Results: The survey received 158 responses. Descriptive statistics and factor analysis revealed three important factors and 14 elements of home care continuation for patients with APD, including multidisciplinary management, self-care, and access to specialized doctors, and five important factors and 20 elements of home care discontinuation, including caregiver support, nursing care needs, psychiatric symptoms, fall experience, and difficulty with excretory movements. Furthermore, the Cronbach alpha coefficients of the factors were generally good, falling between 0.736 and 0.956.

Conclusion: This survey revealed eight important factors and 34 elements related to home care continuation or discontinuation for patients with APD. These findings can be used as an assessment tool for supporting home care.

Purpose: We aimed to examine the content of practicum instruction by home-visit nurses (HVNs) that supported nursing students for employment at home-visit nursing stations.

Methods: Semistructured interviews were conducted with six people, which included newly graduated HVNs and students who opted for employment at home-visit nursing stations. We assessed the practicum instruction by HVNs as perceived by students.

Results: The 10 categories of practicum instructions from HVNs perceived by students were classified into 2 types. One type consisted of five categories of the practicum instructions that included “Building a relationship with the student and providing an overview to prepare for their first home-visit nursing,” “Providing information to students on how to approach patients/caregivers whom they meet for the first time,” and “Practicing home care nursing with students.” The other type comprised the remaining five categories that included “Telling students about the role of HVN, including how a working day flows and how rewarding it is” and “Giving students your honest opinion about employing newly graduated HVNs.”

Conclusion: Students opting for employment at the home-visit nursing stations experienced instructions that encouraged them to understand home-visit nursing practice, along with guiding them to perceive it as a workplace.

Purpose: This study aimed to clarify the process of the learning support provided by home health-care nurses who accompany nursing students attending to end-of-life patients in home health-care settings.

Methods: We conducted semi-structured interviews with nine home health-care nurses with experience providing end-of-life care while accompanying nursing students on their visits. Collected data were analyzed using the grounded theory approach.

Results: The phenomenon of [reflecting on the stance of instructing end-of-life home care nursing] was identified, consisting of 13 categories. Three different outcomes were derived from this phenomenon by «providing tips for students to realize», including «the budding awareness among students regarding home-based end-of-life care».

Conclusion: [Reflecting on the stance of instructing end-of-life home care nursing] is a reflective approach adopted by home health-care nurses regarding guiding practical training. It was thought that «providing tips for students to realize» resulting from this reflection would lead to significant changes in nursing students’ learning regarding end-of-life home care.

Objective: We examined the status of acute care hospital nurses’ advocacy regarding the informed consent (IC) of patients aged 75 years or over and its factors, including psychological safety.

Methods: The participants were 485 nurses who were working in four acute care hospitals. We used a measurement scale for shared decision-making in treatment based on the concept of patient advocacy in nursing (scale). Multiple regression analysis was conducted to investigate the factors.

Results: Valid responses were obtained from 295 nurses (response rate: 60.8%). The mean total score of scale was 67.6 (SD = 8.9). Four factors were identified: psychological safety, awareness of individualized care, being present during IC, and having professional qualifications.

Conclusion: To further advocate regarding IC for patients aged 75 years or over more effectively, four elements are important; the improvement of psychological safety; the recognition of individualized care; an improvement in IC attendance rates and possess professional qualifications.

Purpose: To clarify the behaviors and intentions of cosmetic care performed by nurses who have undergone cosmetic care training for clients in medical and welfare settings.

Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 nurses with various cosmetic care experiences, and the results were qualitatively and inductively analyzed.

Results: Behaviors and intentions during cosmetic care were classified into 10 categories. These were classified into behaviors and intentions aligned with the pre, during, and post-makeup processes, and further categorized based on actions and intentions throughout the entire process. Nurses collaborated with on-site staff beforehand, employed individualized intervention methods, and earnestly engaged with clients, enhancing their overall appearance. Rather than providing isolated care, they incorporated assessment, repeated interventions, and support, aiming to help clients express themselves and foster personal growth.

Conclusion: It was suggested that the behaviors and intentions of the cosmetic care performed by the nurses were carried out as nursing care that drew out the zest for life and encouraged the growth of the other person through a holistic assessment.

Objective: This study aimed to classify the characteristics of residents’ disaster prevention behavior and to obtain suggestions for future disaster prevention education.

Methods: In 2021, an anonymous, self-administered questionnaire survey about disaster prevention behaviors was conducted which included 1,600 residents aged between 20 and 89 years in Town B, with their responses subjected to principal component analysis, cluster analysis, and the chi-squared test.

Results: Responses were obtained from 1,062 eligible residents (response rate: 66.3%). Of the respondents, 928 (99.3%) implemented disaster prevention behaviors. In the principal component analysis of disaster prevention behaviors, seven components were extracted, including “preparation to ensure safe evacuation,” “preparation to maintain community relationships,” and “securing energy for essential tools.” In the cluster analysis, residents were divided into seven clusters, including clusters in which all seven principal components were implemented at high and low rates, respectively. Significant differences among the clusters were noted in terms of age, occupation, family situation, personal lifestyle, and disaster self-efficacy.

Conclusion: The disaster prevention behaviors of the residents could be divided into clusters based on the principal components, with the findings suggesting the need for educational techniques on disaster prevention to be tailored toward the characteristics of respective clusters.

Purpose: The aim of the study was to examine the sarcopenia prevention programs in the perioperative period. We examined changes in sarcopenia-related indices and associated factors before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) and surgery, as well as factors that affect postoperative skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) in esophageal cancer patients.

Methods: The subjects were 27 patients with esophageal cancer expected to undergo subtotal thoracic esophagectomy by right thoracolaparotomy following NAC. SMI, grip strength, walking speed, and oral diadochokinesis were evaluated before and after NAC, before surgery, and on the 6th postoperative day. Changes in the data and factors that affect SMI after surgery were statistically analyzed.

Results: The subjects included 23 males with a mean age of 64.5 years, the incidence of postoperative sarcopenia was 33.3%. Muscle mass was significantly reduced in the bilateral lower limbs after surgery compared with before and after NAC and before surgery. The number of pa/ ta/ ka/ times/second was significantly reduced after surgery compared with before and after NAC. Multiple regression analysis using the postoperative SMI as the dependent variable showed that SMI before NAC, regimen of chemotherapy (docetaxel, CDDP, 5FU), and male sex significantly affected SMI after surgery.

Conclusion: The necessity of exercising the lower limbs, lips, and tongue from before NAC was suggested.

Purpose: This study compared the actual and self-perceived driving ability of older drivers, examined the characteristics of those who overestimated their own driving ability and considered whether older drivers understand and agree with in-vehicle instruction in courses.

Methods: A self-administered, anonymous questionnaire was administered to license renewal applicants aged 70 and over at Oita Driver’s License Center. The questionnaire results and in-vehicle instruction results were used to analyze the discrepancy between their actual and self-perceived driving ability, and an ordinal logistic analysis was performed with overestimation as the dependent variable.

Results: We analyzed 105 valid responses (30.4%) and found that the 5% who overestimated their actual driving ability in comparison to their self-perceived driving ability were higher in “age” and had a lower “risky driving score”.

Conclusion: The results show the necessity of providing individual support to older drivers who overestimate their driving ability when they renew their driver’s license by such measures as offering them specific guidelines for giving up driving.

Objectives: The present study aimed to elucidate nursing practices in Pediatric Intensive Care Units (PICU) that promote interaction between children with life-threatening conditions and their family members.

Methods: Semi-structured interviews of 10 nurses with at least 5 years of clinical experience in PICU were conducted, and their responses were qualitatively analyzed using a descriptive approach.

Results: Intervention found in settings that promote physical contact started from the preparatory stage, such as “preparing before meeting,” and included “supporting the child and their family meetings” and “arranging time for family members to be involved and spend time with their child.” Furthermore, an intervention that focused on psychological aspects, such as “extending support to the family about the child and nurse’s thoughts” and “getting to know the child and their family members,” was also found, showing the variety of nursing practices.

Conclusions: Nursing practices that promote interaction in the PICU promote physical contact and include psychologically connecting with the family, communicating important information, and ascertaining their needs. We believe this finding demonstrates that emotional communication is useful for establishing interaction.

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the influencing factors of the attachment formation process for homebound children with severe physical and mental disabilities and their families.

Method: Semi-constructive interviews were conducted with 10 family members of homebound children with severe physical and mental disabilities, and the lifeline method was utilized for subjective emotions. Analysis was performed with MAXQDA using the trajectory equifinality approach.

Results: The attachment formation process was divided into three phases: Phase 1 was the [unexpected difficulties period], phase 2 was the [search for a sense of security at home period], and phase 3 was the [creating ties to the local community period]. Ten categories of Social Guidance and 7 categories of Social Direction were identified as influencing factors.

Discussion: Families faced a life-threatening situation and sought a relationship with their child, while having anxieties towards the local community’s acceptance system in the midst of a restless life for the sake of home care for their child. It is believed that increased community empowerment to support families will lead to support for a stable attachment formation process.

Objective: The aim of this study was to identify the challenges faced by visiting nurses in providing care to the elderly with hearing loss.

Methods: A focus-group, interview-based study was conducted with 21 visiting nurses regarding challenges associated with providing care to the elderly with hearing loss. Further, a quantitative text analysis was performed.

Results: Visiting nurses experienced challenges in the following areas: challenges in assessing hearing loss and facilitating otolaryngology consultations within the visit duration, insufficient knowledge about hearing aids and bewilderment about managing hearing loss, challenges in communicating with older adults with hearing loss, concerns regarding ear cleaning and challenges in preparation and scheduling, and lack of collaboration and coordination with other professionals in the provision of care for older adults with hearing loss.

Conclusion: The findings suggest a need for educational support for visiting nurses who provide care to older adults with hearing loss. This support should encompass knowledge and skills pertaining to care for patients with hearing loss, communication strategies, and collaboration with specialized institutions and professionals engaged in care services for patients with hearing loss.