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Volume 59 (1994)
- Issue 6 Pages 450-
- Issue 5 Pages 351-
- Issue 4 Pages 271-
- Issue 3 Pages 205-
- Issue 2 Pages 129-
- Issue 1 Pages 4-
Volume 59, Issue 3
Displaying 1-5 of 5 articles from this issue
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Susan A. Roces, Toyohiko Yamazaki1994 Volume 59 Issue 3 Pages 205-215
Published: 1994
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHydrocarbon resources like coal, oil sand and oil shale are physically and chemically heterogeneous rocks which contain organic materials. All these are highly nonvolatile, insoluble, noncrystalline, extremely complex mixtures of organic molecules varying considerably in size and structure1). This study was carried out to find out the thermal decomposition characteristics of each sample which will be used for in-situ recovery simulation. It was confirmed that the relations between the reaction rate of gas evolved and temperature was almost similar to Arrhenius equation.
Low temperature pyrolysis of three hydrocarbon resources (coal, oil sand and oil shale) in grain size particle was conducted at atmospheric pressure at five different temperatures: 400°C, 450°C, 500°C, 550°C and 600°C in horizontal carbonization furnace (Gray-King Assay). Effects of the operating conditions and the type of hydrocarbon resources on the production of coke, fuel gas, tar or liquid hydrocarbon and aqueous liquid were examined. The yields of fuel gas and other gases (H2, N2, O2, CO, CO2, CH4, C2H4 and C2H6) were determined by the gas chromatography. Under such experimental conditions, the product yield was strongly affected by pyrolysis temperature and the kind of hydrocarbon resources.View full abstractDownload PDF (629K) -
Toyohiko Yamazaki, Susan A. Roces, Masatoshi Kaneko, Ng Khaybin, Kenic ...1994 Volume 59 Issue 3 Pages 216-226
Published: 1994
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe use of light solvents such as hexane and peroleum benzine together with steam was investigated as a means of obtaining additional bitumen recovery from oil sands in the steam flooding process. A total of 16 experiments were conducted. Each set of experiments consists of a steam-hexane run a steam-petroleum benzine run and a base-line steamonly run for the sake of comparison. Steam temperatures used were 250°C and 300°C. Temperatures on the steam drive were measured at eight observation wells and at various times in all runs.
Based on this study, it appears that solvents used in conjunction with steam have considerable potential in bitumen recovery when compared to base line experiments conducted in the absence of solvents. It was concluded from this study that petroleum benzine was more efficient that hexane and through its use a greater amount of bitumen was recovered from the oil sand. The best bitumen recovery rate in steam-petroleum benzine runs (56.6%) was obtained at 300°C steam temperature.View full abstractDownload PDF (617K) -
Kei Baba, Tomonari Minezaki, Tokiyuki Sato1994 Volume 59 Issue 3 Pages 227-236
Published: 1994
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe had analyzed the sedimentary facies of the Shiiya Age successions (6.0Ma to 3.5Ma), northern part of the Niigata oil fields, by using many seismic profiles and well logs. As a result, we could make clear following things:
1) the submarine fan at the Shiiya Age is a radial fan/point source type, 2) the source point is located around the Gosen City, and 3) the direction of sediments supply is from SE to NW.View full abstractDownload PDF (3352K) -
Proposal of IR maturation path diagramChikako Takemura, Masahiko Akiyama1994 Volume 59 Issue 3 Pages 237-243
Published: 1994
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSImmature kerogen samples of Type I (Eocene Green River Shale), Type II (Middle Miocene Onnagawa Shale) and Type III (Middle Miocene Sarufutsu coal) were heated at intervals of 50°C between 250 and 450°C for 30 and 150min. in a sealed glass tube under a reduced nitrogen atmosphere. After the extraction of the heated kerogens with organic solvents, IR spectra were taken with diffusion reflectance infrared spectroscopy. Maturation degrees of the heated kerogens were identified by vitrinite reflectance (Table 2).
Evolution paths of the three kerogen types were clearly shown on a diagram of aliphatic CH2(2930cm-1)/aromatic C=C(1605cm-1) vs C=O(1710cm-1)/C=C(1605cm-1) with iso-vitrinite reflectance lines (Fig. 6). This diagram is defined as an “IR maturation path diagram” to evaluate type and maturation degree of kerogens, and has advantages over Van Krevelen diagrams especially with Type I kerogen.View full abstractDownload PDF (425K) -
Ken Sawada, Masahiko Akiyama1994 Volume 59 Issue 3 Pages 244-255
Published: 1994
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSource rock-oil correlation has often been inferred from carbon isotope ratios o f insoluble organic matter (kerogen) contained in sediments, since each kerogen has a peculiar value controlled by maceral composition. The objective of this study is to characterize δ13C values of each maceral separated from various kerogens and to examine whether each maceral has a peculiar value or not.
Firstly, maceral groups of kerogens were separated from the Green River shale, Kimmeridge Clay, Sarufutsu coal and other typical samples by the density separation method (Kinghorn and Rahman, 1983). Amorphous kerogen can be subdivided into three fractions, namely fluorescent (FA), weakly fluorescent (WFA) and non-fluorescent (NFA) amorphous kerogens by visual kerogen method using their fluorescent characters under a high magnification microscope. FA, WFA and NFA are considered to be derived from sporinite and cutinite, alginite of marine planktons, and vitrinite, respectively.
In the next step δ13C values of maceral groups, separated from the Middle to Upper Miocene Onnagawa shales of a petroleum exploration well in Akita City, were measured. The WFA fraction has different δ13C values ranging within 2‰ in different stratigraphic horizons, while sporinite and vitrinite group macerals have their own constant values throughout different horizons. Carbon isoptope composition of whole kerogen is controlled by the WFA fraction which makes up the bulk of the kerogen. It is, therefore, concluded that the δ13C value of WFA is much more important than that of total kerogens for source rock-oil correlation since WFA is considered to be the main source matter of petroleum.View full abstractDownload PDF (973K)
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