The present study examines how a teacher deployed her discourse strategies according to children's realities to establish a dialogic-centered class(room) where children learn collaboratively. Longitudinal class observations and teacher's interviews were conducted in a dialogic-centered classroom setting. By analyzing the changes of discourse strategies relating to the interview data, the results showed that the teacher distinctively changed her discourse strategies. The changes were made, contingent greatly upon her perception of children's realities, enabling the data to be categorized into two periods: children's realities as (1) children's anxiety and negativity towards making remarks and low consciousness towards the ways of speaking for communicating with each other; (2) development of motivation to make remarks and attitude for communicating with and listening to others.

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This research is the combination of quantitative and qualitative research that examined the factors which cause a gap in engagement and satisfaction with integrated studies. The research is based on the students' "Sotsugyo-Kenkyu" (graduation research), a form of integrated studies. First, after confirming the existence of a disparity between students, we conducted a multiple regression analysis. It was revealed that the degree of satisfaction in the integrated learning was positively correlated with the topic selection, the learner's motivation, and the burden of research Second, we conducted case studies, 6 students with high / low / gradually increased / motivation in their study." The low satisfied students face a lot of difficulties and become more and more apathetic. On the other hand, the high satisfied students find the course more and more interesting. Results showed an additional important factor, which was "how well their actual research work reflect their interests. Continuous support of students in the process of theme setting and throughout the course of studies is needed, especially for those who have relatively poor motivation.

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[in Japanese]

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