エアロゾル研究
Online ISSN : 1881-543X
Print ISSN : 0912-2834
ISSN-L : 0912-2834
31 巻, 4 号
選択された号の論文の10件中1~10を表示しています
特集「エアロゾルプロセスを用いた化学電池の材料開発」
研究論文
  • 田島 奈穂子, クンプアン ソマワン, 原 史朗, 飯田 健次郎, 榎原 研正, 桜井 博
    2016 年 31 巻 4 号 p. 266-277
    発行日: 2016/12/20
    公開日: 2017/01/06
    ジャーナル フリー

    Wafer surface scanners (WSS) are evaluated using a calibration wafer which has size standard polystyrene latex spheres (PSLS) on its surface. Aerosolized PSLS are deposited onto a wafer surface to make the calibration wafer, and the methods for making the wafer are standardized. This study introduces a new procedure for making a calibration wafer whose number of deposited particles and a method for evaluating the uncertainty of the particle number on the wafer are known. The important parameter in the procedure is called the particle number conversion coefficient, γw|p, which is the coefficient for calculating the number of particles deposited on a wafer, Nw, from the number of aerosol particles introduced to a wafer, Np, by Nw= γw|pNp. To accurately evaluate the value of γw|p the PSLS are deposited inside a circular area whose diameter is a few hundred micrometer. Then, the value of Nw was obtained by visually counting all the deposited PSLS using a scanning electron microscope, and the value was compared to a known value of Np. In order to deposit the PSLS within a narrow area on a wafer the PSLS were first grown to micrometer-sized droplets by condensation, and these droplets were deposited onto a wafer by inertial impaction. In this study the value of γw|p was evaluated using 0.81 μm PSLS, and the relative expanded uncertainty of the predicted particle number on a wafer was ±9.6%. The particle number standard wafers were made by depositing PSLS uniformly over a wafer using a XY stage. Then, the wafers were used to evaluate the counting efficiency of a WSS.

  • 斎藤 弘樹, 木浪 由菜, 川畑 未夢, 大原 伊織, 藤谷 雄二, 五東 弘昭, 榊原 和久
    2016 年 31 巻 4 号 p. 278-286
    発行日: 2016/12/20
    公開日: 2017/01/06
    ジャーナル フリー

    In order to clarify the mechanism to induce biologically hazardous phenomena in the environment by the reaction of the Secondary Organic Aerosol (SOA) and to identify reactive species in SOA atmosphere (particles and gaseous constituents are coexisting), experiments of capturing reactive species in the gas chamber where SOAs were generated via the reaction of ambient air containing α-pinene with ozone have been carried out by taking advantage of radical scavenging reagents. The obtained adducts in SOA atmosphere were analyzed by ESR (Electron Spin Resonance) and LC/MS (Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry). ESR signal intensities of the radical scavenging samples exposed by SOA atmosphere were smaller than those of the control sample due to the formation of diamagnetic adducts. And new peculiar peaks (α-pinene radical adducts produced by the trapping reactions with radical scavenging reagents) were detected by LC/MS. Thus, it is plausible that reactive species in ambient air can be identified surely from analytical approach of the adducts formed with radical scavenging reagents.

  • 兼保 直樹, 山本 重一, 清水 厚, 畠山 史郎
    2016 年 31 巻 4 号 p. 287-297
    発行日: 2016/12/20
    公開日: 2017/01/06
    ジャーナル フリー

    An irregular method is attempted to analyze the source contribution of metallic components and elemental carbon in PM2.5 among “long-range-transport pollutants”, “Asian Dust”, and “locally-emitted pollutants” categories when applying Chemical Mass Balance (CMB) method. In this analysis, source profiles required to run CMB is not supplied from outside, but selected from the long-term dataset of PM2.5 composition measured at Fukuoka (Dazaifu), Japan, during the period of March 2010 through March, 2012. Typical days when PM2.5 aerosol from each source category appears to be dominant are selected in view of areal PM2.5 behavior, light extinction coefficient of non-spherical particles from Lidar data, and NO/NOx concentrations. The CMB analysis applied to two case study periods produced qualitatively consistent result with other indirect measures. The arrival timing of the two long-range transport events in early February, 2011, which was reported in a prior research, was successfully calculated by the CMB source estimation. During a prominent Asian dust event in early May, 2011, the temporal change in the estimated source fraction of air pollutants and Asian Dust agreed qualitatively with that of the fraction of spherical and non-spherical light extinction coefficients of aerosols analyzed from Lidar data.

連載 エアロゾル学基礎講座 ―計測―
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