村落社会研究ジャーナル
Online ISSN : 2187-2627
Print ISSN : 1882-4560
ISSN-L : 1882-4560
27 巻, 2 号
選択された号の論文の8件中1~8を表示しています
論文
  • ──和歌山県の紀ノ川農業協同組合を事例に──
    岩橋 涼
    原稿種別: 研究論文
    2021 年 27 巻 2 号 p. 1-12
    発行日: 2021/04/25
    公開日: 2022/03/24
    ジャーナル フリー

      In Japan, organic agriculture emerged as an antithesis to industrialized agriculture, which has often implied commitment by followers to pursue alternative relationships between producers and consumers. This may lead to the emergence of a false binary, where organic agriculture is portrayed as an exemplar of alternativeness and polar opposite of conventional agriculture. However, some farmers’ groups opt for mixed strategies, such as reduced pesticide use, or partial organic certification in order to more incrementally expand organic agriculture among local farmers. This paper draws on a case study of the Kinokawa Agricultural Cooperative (KAC)located in Wakayama Prefecture to explore how local farmers and farmers’ organization introduce certified organic production alongside the continued use of non-organic production methods such as conventional and reduced pesticide production. Since its establishment, the KAC has sold its farm products mainly to consumer cooperatives, which emphasize reduced pesticide use in ensuring food safety. KAC farmers adopt certified organic farming only for particular crops. The reasons for official certification are diverse: having secured markets through KAC, being invited to apply from other member farmers, seeking entry to specific value added markets, and challenging themselves to develop new production skills. KAC’s orientation toward organic agriculture is not to position organic monolithically as their ultimate goal, but as one component of a suite of farming styles that serve to enhance the viability of local agriculture by upgrading organizational capacity. This allows for a more inclusive process to encourage member farmers to gain access to organic agriculture.

  • ─新潟県西蒲原郡旧角田浜村の事例分析─
    張 婷婷
    原稿種別: 研究論文
    2021 年 27 巻 2 号 p. 13-24
    発行日: 2021/04/25
    公開日: 2022/03/24
    ジャーナル フリー

     This paper examines the characteristics of the “tasho-kasegi” type of labor migration and the social and economic structure of the villages that were its background, based on the case study of a fishing village named Kakuda-hama in Echigo.
     In the early modern era, there was a trend of regarding “tasho-kasegi” as similar to desertion of a village. However, in this study, it was observed that “tasho-kasegi” in Kakuda-hama was labor migration to remote places targeting male villagers as carpenters and timbermen, and that this kind of labor migration involved not only indirect descendent type of family members (e.g. second or third sons, brothers, includes) but also direct descendent, i.e. heads of households and eldest sons who should be considered legitimate family. It was also confirmed that between 1844 and 1872 migrant labors from this village left under the assumption of returning home at some point. It was also found that there were migrant workers that showed high retention rates in their migrant destinations in the period between 1817 and 1837. “Tasho-kasegi” in Kakuda-hama was not cut off from their mother village. Just like the labor migration that can be found in modern society, the mother village, the migrant destinations and the migrant laborers all had lenient relationships between themselves.

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