Toxicological analysis is essential to determine human factors in aviation accident investigation and is conducted in various aeromedical facilities in many countries. The impairing effects of alcohol and medication on pilot performance have also been determined in the Aeromedical Laboratory, Japan Air Self-Defense Force. To achieve further development of accident investigation, we summarize current status of analytical methods in accident investigation of international organization and other facilities. The blood and urinary analysis including screening tests and sample preparation of our laboratory are also shown in this article. Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) has been used in the toxicological analysis for years although the application of the GC/MS is limited to thermally-stable or volatile compounds. Recently, Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (LC/MS) has become to be applied to a wide range of non-volatile compounds including impaired performance drugs in toxicological analysis in many facilities. These developments of analytical methodologies reveal that further development and changes will be needed in our analytical methods in the accident investigation.

抄録全体を表示

Preventing incapacitation of aviator during flight is one of major missions in aerospace medicine. To prevent incapacitation and maintain health status of pilots, airline companies and Air Forces develop manuals and guidelines for aeromedical examination or use of medications. Though guidelines for aeromedical examinations and major diseases are defined in detail, there are no detailed guidelines about medications in chronic disease or common disease. Since early 1990s, as life-style related diseases increase, Aeromedical Laboratory haｓ received numerous inquiries and cases to be reviewed in aeromedical council. To standardize aeromedical decision making and share information, Pharmacochemistry Section, Second Division of Aeromedical Laboratory published “Working Papers for aeromedical decision on medicated aviators” in 1999. This paper include following contents about common disease and medications. (1) Notice in initial medication (2) Aeromedical decision Cases to be avoided if possible, to be evaluated for returning flying duty during medications, to be allowed flying with medications (3) Effects for psychomotor activities (4) Cases of aviation accidents (5) Cases of aeromedical council (6) Reports of side effect In 2014 issue, we classify the risk of medications for aeromedical missions. We also have a planning to distribute digital issues in the same time. Points of considerations are academic reason and application for practical operations.

抄録全体を表示