The Journal of JASTRO
Online ISSN : 1881-9885
Print ISSN : 1040-9564
ISSN-L : 1881-9885
Volume 3, Issue 2
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
  • Yasushi MARIYA, Sadao WATANABE, Nobuko TARUSAWA, Eiko FUKUDA, Shoichi ...
    1991 Volume 3 Issue 2 Pages 63-70
    Published: June 25, 1991
    Released on J-STAGE: July 11, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Tumor cell kinetics in 13 cases of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) treated by radiotherapy were analysed by immunohistochemical stain using anti-BrdU antibody, and correlated with therapeutic effect and histologic findings. The results were:(1) BrdU labeling index (B. L. I.) correlated with tumor regression speed and local control, which suggests correlation between the size of growth fraction and radiosensitivity.(2) Extent of reduction of BrdU-labeled cells after 10Gy irradiation correlated with tumor regression and local control.(3) B. L. I. correlated with differentiation of SCC. As the differentiation became poorer, B. L. I. increased, and the differentiation correlated with the distribution pattern of BLC. By analyzing tumor cell kinetics in addition to the usual methods, we can estimate radiosensitivity of the tumor more precisely and individualize andoptimize the therapy.
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  • Kenji NEMOTO, Yoshihiro TAKAYANAGI, Yoshihiro OGAWA, Yoshihiro TAKAI, ...
    1991 Volume 3 Issue 2 Pages 71-76
    Published: June 25, 1991
    Released on J-STAGE: July 11, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The clinical results of reirradiation for local recurrence of esophageal cancer in 38 patients are presented. Recurrent esophageal cancer seemed to respond less to reirradiation than non-irradiated tumors do. The one year and two year survival rates were 10.5%, 2.6% respectively. Median survival period was 6.2 months. Severe complication were observed in 17 patients (42%). Complication was more frequent in patients with a treatment interval shorter than 8 months and in patients having a recurrent tumor with a deep ulcer. Reirradiation should be avoided for these patients.
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  • Kiyoshi OHARA, Hideo TATSUZAKI, Shinji SUGAHARA, Tsuguo YOSHIDA, Mitsu ...
    1991 Volume 3 Issue 2 Pages 77-83
    Published: June 25, 1991
    Released on J-STAGE: July 11, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Experience with intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) for 34 patients with advanced pancreatic cancer was reported with special reference to fractionated IORT. Eleven patients in the early period (1978-1983) were treated by IORT alone with doses of 30 down to 20Gy. In the late period (1984-1989), 23 patients were treated with followed by external irradiation, and fractionated IORT (F-IORT) was tried on seven patients with possibly resectable tumors. F-IORT had the following potential or practical advantages:(1) It suppressed metastatic potency during surgical manipulation with pre-resection IORT.(2) It exhibited some biological advantages of fractionation.(3) It reduced treatment volume with electron energy reduction in post-resection IORT. Peritoneal, or liver metastasis, or both were observed at during operations on 7 patients. Tumors were resectable in 8 patients including three who underwent F-IORT. External irradiation was completed in 11 patients. No one survived beyond 18.4 months and treatment related mortality occurred in 9 patients. Median survival and 1-year-survival rates for the patients with resectable and irresectable tumor were 12.1 and 4.9 months, and 50.0 and 7.7%, respectively (P<0.1). Those for the patients with irresectable tumor in the early (9) and the late (17) periods were 4.4 and 5.6 months, and 0.0 and 11.8%, respectively (P<0.05). A failure pattern analysis was available for 15 patients including 6 with resectable tumors and two who underwent F-IORT. Loco-regional recurrence was seen in all patients, peritoneal dissemination in 9 (60%), liver metastasis in 6 (40%), and extra-abdominal metastasis in 10 (67%). Two F-IORT patients had both peritoneal and distant failure. Though historical improvement of treatment results for patients with irresectable tumor was observed, potential advantages of F-IORT failed to appear because the disease was too advanced to reveal subtle advantages in quality and quantity. This clinical study should be applied to patients with less advanced disease.
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  • Shigetoshi ANTOKU, Katsumasa NAKAMURA, Masakazu SAKAGUCHI
    1991 Volume 3 Issue 2 Pages 85-91
    Published: June 25, 1991
    Released on J-STAGE: July 11, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Radiosensitizing effects of nitroimidazole nucleoside analogues (RK-27, RK-28 and RK-29) were studied using cultured mouse leukemic L5178Y (L5178Y) cells and Chinese hamster V79 (CH V79) cells. There was no significant difference in sensitizer enhancement ratio among the three RK-compounds. The ratios were 1.7 for L5178Y cells and 1.6 for CH V79 cells at 1mM concentration and were comparable to that of misonidazole. Sensitizer enhancement ratios of RK-28 for L5178Y cells irradiated with 1 to 4Gy X-rays were, respectively, 1.5 to 1.6 at 0.5mM concentration, which were nearly the same to those obtained at high doses. RK-28 was as effective for fractionated X-irradiation as for single X-irradiation, assuming complete repair of sublethal damage during incubation at 37°C between sessions of fractionated X-irradiation. The sensitizing effects of RK-28 were additive in combination with neocarzinostatin, an antitumor drug, which has different pharmacological and physiological properties, and enhances the radioresponse of cells. RK-28 is known to be rapidly metabolized and excreted in vivo and is thus expected to be less toxic than misonidazole. It was effective at low radiation doses routinely used in radiotherapy practice and for fractionated X-irradiation, suggesting its clinical utility.
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  • Kaoru OKAJIMA, Michihide MITSUMORI, Yasushi NAGATA, Mitsuyuki ABE, Tak ...
    1991 Volume 3 Issue 2 Pages 93-100
    Published: June 25, 1991
    Released on J-STAGE: July 11, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    To assess the value of a Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS), the management of image data in the division of radiation therapy was analyzed. Nine hundred patients were randomly selected from among those who had undergone radiation therapy at Kyoto University Hospital. They were representative of three periods: before the use of CT; after the use of CT, but prior to the use of MRI; and after the use of MRI. Analysis of taking, keeping and using images revealed the following: 1) The size of memory required for one patient was increased from 33.8MB to 48.8MB by the introduction of CT and MRI. 2) Ninety-seven percent of the patients were from other departments or hospitals. A film library had been used to keep the images, but complete film-keeping was achieved for no more than twenty percent of the patients when compared with a PACS which was installed at the hospital. 3) The mean duration of follow-up after treatment was 24.9 months, and previous simulation images were required for 14% of the patients due to retreatment after considerable intervals. Our study confirmed that a reliable method of long-term image data is a necessity in the division of radiation therapy. 4) We found that a PACS can be effectively utilized because newlyregistered patients represent only a small proportion of all diagnostic radiology patients. Inconclusion, a PACS is useful to our department of radiation therapy.
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  • Kazuro IWATA, Yoshihiko TSUJI, Akiko SHIRAI, Fumiaki UTO, Hitoshi YOSH ...
    1991 Volume 3 Issue 2 Pages 101-109
    Published: June 25, 1991
    Released on J-STAGE: July 11, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A thermoluminescence [TL] sheet and its spatial readout system for in vivo measurement of spatial dose distribution around sources has been newly developed for intracavitary high dose-rate radiation therapy. The TL sheet (40cm×50cm×200μm), which is composed of teflon mixed with BaSO4 (Eu doped) powder, has a linear response with a very wide dynamic range from at least 0.002cGy to 5000cGy for 60Co sources. Phantom test of the TL sheet readout system demonstrated that absorbed dose with TL sheet and that with ionization chamber as standard dosimeter agreed well. For clinical application, TL sheet was attached on an applicator of intracavitary radiation therapy for rectal cancer. After irradiation with high dose-rate 60Co sources, the in vivo dose distribution on the surface of the rectum was determined. The TL sheet was suggested to provide a convenient means of measuring the dosedistribution around 60Co sources in intracavitary radiation therapy.
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  • Yoshio HISHIKAWA, Koichi KURISU, Midori TANIGUCHI, Norihiko KAMIKONYA, ...
    1991 Volume 3 Issue 2 Pages 111-114
    Published: June 25, 1991
    Released on J-STAGE: July 11, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Between May 1980 and June 1987, 100 patients with thoracic esophageal cancer were treated with high-dose-rate intraluminal brachytherapy (HDRIBT) after external radiotherapy (ERT). The standard treatment protocol was 60Gy/6 weeks of ERT and 12 Gy/week of HDRIBT. Follow-up time was 3 to 9 years (median 5 years). The 100 patients were classified into two groups according to 3-year survival after the initiation of radiotherapy. Fourteen patients survived for 3 or more years; the other 86 patients died within 3 years. The data of all patients were examined, and the following factors correlated with 3-year survival: female sex, shorter tumor length, superficial or tumorous-type x-ray appearance before treatment, earlier stage, and better local response to treatmentIn 3-year survivors, intercurrent death was the main cause of death, whereas uncontrolled cancer was the maincause among patients who died within 3 years.
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  • Tadashi KAMADA, Hirohiko TSUJII, Takuro ARIMOTO, Goro IRIE
    1991 Volume 3 Issue 2 Pages 115-121
    Published: June 25, 1991
    Released on J-STAGE: July 11, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    From 1984 through 1986, six patients with extrahepatic bile duct tumor were treated preoperatively with intraluminal irradiation of the bile duct. There were no unresectable cases and pathological examination of the surgical specimens showed moderate to remarkable tumor regression in all cases. Postoperative biliary tract hemorrhage occured in 2 of 3 cases who received 60Gy at a point 7.5mm from the center of the source. With accurate preoperative diagnosis of the tumor extent and careful setting of the target area of intraluminal irradiation, improved local tumor control of extrahepatic bile duct tumor can be expected with this method
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