巻号一覧
18 巻 (1967)
- 6 号 p. 391-
- 5 号 p. 239-
- 4 号 p. 195-
- 3 号 p. 141-
- 2 号 p. 69-
- 1 号 p. 5-
18 巻, 2 号
選択された号の論文の8件中1～8を表示しています
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安倍 三史1967 年 18 巻 2 号 p. 69-71
発行日: 1967/04/10
公開日: 2010/02/22
ジャーナル フリーThe question of air pollution in relation to health draws our attention to the changing environment and biological reactions to these changes.
Air pollution in different localities is caused by mixtures of a wide variety of solid, liquid and gaseous substances.
The identification and measurement of these impurities involves the use of specificalized sampling and analytical techniques.
The biological effects of air pollution may be studied in the laboratory or in the field, the two methods being largely complementary.
In epidemiological surveys of respiratory disease, we have used (a) measurement of symptoms, (b) simple measurements of ventilatory capacity, (c) measurements of general air pollution.
In the effects of air pollution we have to study (a) the immediate effects, those occurring within 24-48 hours of the onset of serious air pollution (daily values of air pollution and mortality or morbidity), (b) the intermediate effects, those occurring within several weeks or months of heavy pollution and (c) the chronic or long term effects resulting in prolonged exposure over many years.
We studied under three terms; (a) ventilatory capacity in winter and summer of three cities (Sapporo, Muroran and Obihiro), (b) mortality and morbidity of respiratory diseases and (c) relationship on the lung cancer and airpollution in these cities.
It is important to communicate and exchange the information between physicians, epidermiologists, chemists, physicists, sanitary engineers, statiscians, meteorogists, administrators and others working in the field of air pollution.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (458K) -
堀口 申作1967 年 18 巻 2 号 p. 72-79
発行日: 1967/04/10
公開日: 2010/02/22
ジャーナル フリーIt was confirmed in the author's experiment that the most susceptible site in the nasal and nasopharyngeal cavity to contamination of air pollutants is, next to the anterior portion of the nasal cavity, the upper surface of the soft palate.
The amount of dust and dirt in the nasal vestibule which is thought to be closely related with air pollution was measured in people of various places in Tokyo and the highest contamination of the nasal vestibule was found in people of Koto district.
Asymptomatic inflammation of the upper surface of the soft palate may acutely be exacerbated by inhalation of air pollutants or by other causes and there is an intimate relationship between the acute exacerbation of inflammation and allergy or rheumatic diseases.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (10809K) -
高山 乙彦1967 年 18 巻 2 号 p. 80-91
発行日: 1967/04/10
公開日: 2010/02/22
ジャーナル フリーRelationship between air pollution and its effects on the pharynx and larynx was studied epidemiologically and experimentally.
Epidemiological study was performed by a comparison between complaints and results of pyysical examination in the pharyngolarynx. Experimental study was carried out by following methods. a) Air current in the upper air way was observed by a human model. b) Histopathological changes resulting from inspiration of sulphurous acid gas or silicon powder were investigated in the pharyx, larynx, trachea and lung in the guinea pig. c) Gargling motion was observed by image amplifier.
The following results have been obtained. a) The epidemiological investigation indicated that air pollution had an important effects upon both of the pharynx and larynx. b) The histopathological degeneration was markedly observed in the larynx.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (25778K) -
山本 馨1967 年 18 巻 2 号 p. 92-98
発行日: 1967/04/10
公開日: 2010/02/22
ジャーナル フリーInfluences by the contaminated air upon the lower respiratory tract, especially the trachobronchial tree were studied histologically and patho-physiologically. Histologically, mucosa of the lower respiratory tract of the germ free animal, the normal grown animal and SO2 gas exposed animal were examined and self defence mechanism was demonstrated on the normal grown animal as compaired with the germ free animal.
As concerning with absorbable function, cilia movement and influences upon it by the temperature, the moisture and the osmosis in the tracheobronchial tree were studied. Absorption of the sulfa dioxide into the blood through the mucosa of the respiratory way was measured. Also absorption of the Iron-Dextran into the bronchotrcheal mucosa was examined by the erectron-microscope.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (6366K) -
第6報 道内の大気汚染地区と非汚染地区における市役所職員並びに中学生の諸種換気機能所見の比較長浜 文雄1967 年 18 巻 2 号 p. 99-107
発行日: 1967/04/10
公開日: 2010/02/22
ジャーナル フリーResults obtained by the statistically comparative observations, performed for three years, twice a year, in winter and in summer, since 1964, on ventilatory functions and complaints, cough, sputum, short breathing, and chronic bronchitis by Fletcher's criteria of cities employees in Sapporo, remarkably air polluted city and in Obihiro, stands on very clear atmospheric condition, in total 4278 men: (1) The mean values of vital capacity, MME, and peak flow were always significantly lower in Sapporo, especially in younger groups. (2) The differences between both cities were more significant in winter than in summer season, conditioned less polluted air. (3) The ventilatory values of “heavy smoker”, grouped by our way, in both cities showed significantly lower in same grades. (4) The spirometric ventilatory values on same subjects in Sapporo decreased significantly year by year, however, the annual canges were not significant in Obihiro. (5) The frequencies of complaints in the groups of no medical past histories were significantly lower in summer and nonsmoker than in winter and smoker groups, however, found no significant difference between both cities. (6) Junior high school subjects, in total 2, 100 boys and girls of five schools: We have begun the same observations as well as cities employees, since the winter 1966; we found the lowest values on spirometric studies at one school, stands on most air polluted condition, in this winter.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1173K) -
塚田 祐禧夫1967 年 18 巻 2 号 p. 108-121
発行日: 1967/04/10
公開日: 2010/02/22
ジャーナル フリーExperimental surgery was performed for reconstruction of a circular tracheal defect in fifty-five dogs divided in to thirteen groups.
In this study a part of the cervical or thoracic trachea was resected and a thus created absent part of the trachea was replaced by a prosthesis made of mesh of Pylen, a Polypropylene polymer and applied clinically as artificial pleura or peritoneum. Pedicled tracheal tutograft or a horseshoe-shaped metal made of # 22A steel wire was applied as a support in order to maintain rigidity of Pylen mesh prosthesis. Pedicled tracheal tutograft was prepared in such a way as one to three cartilages of the remaining trachea on the oral end were incised longitudinally for obtaining easy extension and the membranous part was left intact except being slightly extended.
Surgery has failed because of separation or deformation of a prosthesis in the group of dogs in which a pylen mesh prosthesis was inserted and sutured to the interior of the trachea.
Deformation has been observed also in another group in which a Pylen mesh prosthesis was doubly applied to both the interior and exterior walls of the trachea.
The results have been fairly well in a few groups in which a Pylen prosthesis was fixed by suturing yarns forming the exterior of the trachea. Among these groups, tracheal lumen was satisfactorily maintained and epithelium was well regenerated in four of five dogs in which pedicled tracheal autograft was applied as a support and an external Pylen mesh prosthesis was covered by fascia late.
It is concluded, by examining the results of this study, that as follows;
1) Pylen mesh is little incentive in a living body.
2) Pylen mesh is satisfactory as a tracheal prothesis when a proper support is applied to maintain its rigidity.
3) Pedicled tracheal autograft with incised cartilages not only fulfills its role as a support but also effective in expediting epithelial regeneration.
4) Fairly well results can be expected when a metal support made of 22A steel wire is fixed to the interior of a Pylen mesh prosthesis.
5) Exterior fixation of a Pylen prosthesis to the trachea was more satisfactory than interior fixation.
6) A Pylen mesh prosthesis should be fixed by suturing its Pylen yarns radially to the both ends of the remaining trachea in order to prevent contraction and secure fixation.
7) Cares should be taken of preventing air leakage in reconstructive surgery of the trachea.
8) Excessive dissection of the trachea causes unsatisfactory resules in reconstructive surgery.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (16656K) -
粟田口 省吾, 吉田 順之助, 今 一郎, 米谷 卓三1967 年 18 巻 2 号 p. 122-129
発行日: 1967/04/10
公開日: 2010/02/22
ジャーナル フリーDuring 16 years (1951-1966), bronchoscopy was performed on 280 cases with malignant bronchopulumonary growths, which were diagnosed clinically by cytologic and bioptic findings or confirmed pathologically on resected or necropsied bronchopulmonary specimens.
In 101 out of these 280 cases examined, the malignant growths were found bronchoscopically and these visible tumors were classifted in following four types from the bronchologic, roentgenologic and pathologic point of view:
I) Localized primary bronchogenic cancer and sarcoma (Localized Type) .. 20 cases
II) Invasive primary bronchogenic cancer (Invasive Type) … 58 cases
III) Bronchial tumorous invasion caused by parabronchial lymphnode metastasis of the primary bronchogenic cancer (Lymphnode Metastatic Type) … 21 cases
IV) Bronchial tumorous invasion caused by pulmonary or parabronchial lymphnode metastasis of the primary extrathoracic malignant growths (Extrathoracic Type) … 2 cases
In the majority of the cases with the bronchial tumors of each type, their roentgenologic findings of the chest were characterized by the unilateral, lobar or segmental opacity. However, in some cases, bipolar or cavitary shadow was found, and three cases showed apparently normal x-ray finding of the chest.
The bronchial tumors of each type showed no characteristic appearances. However, as to the localization, the tumors of the third type were most frequently located at the carina, the orifice of the right upper lobe bronchus and the median wall of the right main bronchus and the intermedial bronchus.
Therapeutecally, it should be most significant to distinguish each type of the bronchial tumors. In the early stage, the bronchial tumors of the first type not only were resectable, but also mostly diappeared or could be replaced with cicatricial tissue by the suitable irradiation therapy, while in the majority of the cases with the tumors of the othere types, their prognoses were less good than those in the former.
In our series, 11 cases (52%) of the first type, 3 cases (5.1%) of the second and 4 cases (20%) of the third were treated by lung resection, but only one case of the first type survived for more than five years.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (6891K) -
萩原 忠文, 岡安 大仁, 松本 外四雄, 塩崎 隆世, 滝沢 義矩, 戸村 隆訓1967 年 18 巻 2 号 p. 130-134
発行日: 1967/04/10
公開日: 2010/02/22
ジャーナル フリーHilar tumor cannot always be easily diagnosed even today, although various diagnostic procedures have been considerably progressed. These entities must carefully be diagnosed, and repeated examinations are necessary as many as possible, if there is something doubtful in diagnosis.
Two cases are reported here with some considerations. The first case was temporality diagnosed as juvenile lung cancer by bronchoscopy, but confirmed to be tuberculous hilar lymphadenitis by open lung biopsy, and the other diagnosed by biopsy during bronchoscopy and confirmed to be tuberculosis by the same procedure again.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (4858K)
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