Based on the theory of pneumatization, which originated in the study on the structure and reaction of the mastoid cells, a following new theory on the pathogenesis of bronchiectasis and emphysema is experimentally and theoretically proposed.
Both bronchiectasis and emphysema can be recognized as a repneumatization process following apneumatosis. Bronchiectasis is a manifestation of repneumatization of the pulmonary alveolar system under the condition of severe apneumatosis with organization, and emphysema is that of repneumatization under the condition of mild apneumatosis, in which alveolar epithelial cells are still remaining. In the former, reactive proliferation of the lung tissue occurs in the peripheral portion of the bronchioles, and in the latter, reactive proliferation takes a form of alveolar enlargement. Both are manifestations of active repneumatization in the lung, and the morphologic difference comes only from the difference of the apneumatic condition in the lung. Senile emphysema, however, is different from these secondary changes and it is due to physiological alveolar proliferation in the lung of the aged.
Currently, bronchiectasis and emphysema are considered as having two different pathogeneses, and the morphologic alteration is understood only by passive mechanism of the lung tissue. Challenging to these contemporary theories, we would like to introduce a new idea of active pneumatization as the pathogenesis of both bronchiectasis and emphysema.

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Eighty-seven cases of the larynx which were treated with high energy radiation were followed up 1.5 to 5 year period, radiation injury was classified in four groups.
Development of the high energy radiation apparatus produced good results of radiation therapy in stage T₁ and T₂, but we were not satisfied with the result in stage T₃ and T₄.
More than 50% of stage T₃ and T₄ groups resulted in radiation injury.
To reduce those radiation injury cases, some technical problems in radiation therapy are now under consideration.
Many cases of the damaged larynx were suitably treated without surgery.
Differential diagnosis between injury and recurrence of the tumor of the larynx is difficult, but it was made correctly by the clinical observations for certain period.

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Among patients complaining of hemoptysis or of sanguinous sputum, the author encountered eight interesting cases of non-tuberculous and of non-cancerous diseases, such as two with benign tumor suspected as malignant tumor, two with hemoptysis treated as pulmonary tuberculosis, two with hemoptysis due to subphrenic abscess, two with hemorrhage from bronchial mucous membrane. It must be emphasized that hemoptysis is not infrequently caused by non-tuberculous or non-cancerous diseases and that diagnosis of hemoptysis must be ensured by the through systemic examination of each patient and findings of bronchoscopic examination. The author reports that newly developed telescope offers very bright view of small lesions of the bronchus which are usally overlooked by conventional bronchoscope and telescope.

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An autopsy case of 33 year-old-man in sudden death from bronchial asthma was reported.
The patient had repeated asthmatic attack in every autumn since three years old. In this autumn, the attack was repeated for ten days and when the attack was reduced, the patient died unexpectedly despite medical treatment, which included bronchodilators, corticosteroid and anti-histamine.
Pathological findings in the lung, were mucous degeneration of the bronchial epithelium, thickening of the basement membrane and eosinophillia. The atrophy of the cortices of the adrenal glands and the hypertrophy in the right ventricle of the heart were markedly shown.
The cause of the death was suspected as an acute adrenal insufficieacy and right ventricular insufficiency.

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The patient, a female aged 30 years, noticed sensation of foreign bodies in the larynx on November, 1965, and then suffered from tonsillitis with fever over 39°C on April, 1966.
On May 16th, 1966, a slight shadow had appeared in the X-ray of left lung. It progressed to a complete atelectasis on August 11th.
The patient had a complete obstruction at bifurcation area in very short time. The diagnosis of the tuberculosis, therefore, was difficult.

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