Since the registration of almost all autopsy cases has started and listed in the Annual of Pathological Autopsy Cases in Japan published by the Japanese Pathological Society in 1958, the author has been engaged in calculation of cases on certain diseases which has been added in the end of each volume of the Annual.
For exmaple, maxillary carcinoma (54 males and 60 females), pharyngeal carcinoma (35 males, 20 females and one sex unknown) laryngeal carcinoma (3 males), bronchial carcinoma (881 males, 275 females and one sex unknown), carcinoma of lip (2 males), carcinoma of tongue (27 males and 10 females), carcinoma of buccal cavity (14 males and 5 females) and esophageal carcinoma (274 males, 61 females and one sex unknown) were found among 20, 902 autopsy cases (12, 429 males, 8, 365 females and 108 sex unknown) in 1967.
A comparison was made among autopsy cases in 1958, 1960 and those in 1965, 1966 and 1967 concerning the incidences of the above malignancies in addition to carcinomas of stomach and liver, and the association of these malignancies with other malignant and benign tumors are discussed.

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We think that after the operation of Laryngomicrosurgery, the patients must have voice rest.
We decided its period by the condition of vocal cord with indirect laryngoscope.
Then, how long does it take the period of regeneration of the epithelial tissure and healing of the wounds on patho-histrogical observation?
When the wound is small, it needs about 10-14 days, but the wound is large (so called decortication of vocal cord), it needs about 2-3 weeks.

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Bronchoscopy and bronchography have recently been becoming routine examinnations in the diagnosis of respiratory diseases.
We experienced four unusual cases of bronchogenic carcinoma originated from an abnormal branch of the bronchus, which had deen diagnosed by both bronchography and bronchoscopy. Three of those originated from the right lung and the remaining one from the left lung, Of three cases from the right lung, one from an accessory cardiac bronchus and the two were from right tracheal bronchus. One case from the left lung developed from an abnormal branch of B-4.
Bronchography revealed an abnormal branch in all four cases and bronchoscopic brushing cytology under general anesthesia was diagnostic of bronchogenic carcinoma in three cases. The remaining one case was confirmed to be adenocarcinoma by resection.

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The esophagus seems to be an almost cylindrical and straight tube in the posterior mediastinal space in front of the vertebral column. However, we have to be familiar with all organs and mediastinal tissues that surround the esophogus because they not only produce anatomic impressions, but also cause physiologic changes and may predispose to pathologic lesions.
To obtain a valuable roentgenologic examination, we tried to use roentgenkymography and barium tablets for rheological study of the esophagus.
The relationships between the esophagus and surrounding organs allowed the following parts and demarcations: the tracheal and cardiac parts and the aortic, bronchic and diaphragmatic impressions, and also impression by a tortuos descending aorta in aging process.
Roentgenkymography of the esophagus during the swallowing of barium meal allowed to analyse the motility of food channel of the hypopharynx and upper esophagus. Two different sized barium tablets (7mm and 16mm in each diameter) were helpful to realize some type of food transfer for the physiology and physiopathology of the esophagus.

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At the department of radiology, Shinshu university, we have operated esophagoscopies on 142 patients during the last 5 years, and described two cases of perforation. The one was regarded as the perforation due to flexible fiberesophagoscopy. In the another, the perforation was found at the X-ray examination on the next day of operating esophagoscopy.
When perforation is discovered, chemotherapy should be chosen first of all, and the patient carefully obserbed at least for 48 hours.
We also reported about the esophageal lymhhographies of dogs after intramural injection of iodine preparation.

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Congenital esophago-bronchial fistula is a rare disease among adults. Only fifteen cases have been reported in Japan so far. Recently in our clinic we have discovered two adult cases of congenital esophago-bronchial fistula.
Case 1 is a 44-year-old housewife who has complained coughing at swallowing food for 9 years. She was admitted to our hospital because of hemoptesis. Under the diagnosis of esophago-bronchial fistula the right lower pulmonary lobe was resected together with the fistula resulting in complete cure.
Case 2 is a 29-year-old housewife who visted our clinic because of vomitting, abdominal pain and fever. Her history revealed intermittent coughing episodes at swallowing liquid food since the age of two years. The right lower lobe was resected with fistula and the patient was completely cured as the first case.
Both two cases did not accompany inflammatory findings around the fistulal and no lymphnode adhesion was found. Pathologically the fistula contained the normal esophagus membrane showing signs of transition from esophageal epithelium to bronchial epithelium. It was concluded from these operative and pathohistological findings they were congenital fistula between the esophagus and the bronchus.

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