巻号一覧
27 巻, 1 号
選択された号の論文の10件中1～10を表示しています
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
吉田 義一1976 年 27 巻 1 号 p. 1-4_2
発行日: 1976/02/10
公開日: 2010/02/22
ジャーナル フリーThere have been two methods in illuminating the open tube type endoscope. The one is the illumination from outside of the tube and the other is the illumination through the light guide constructed within the tube. Either methods, however, are supposed to be insufficient, because of the lack of brightness, obstruction of the light path by the operating instruments inserted, and in the case of the former method, of the formation of flare by scattering of light on the inner surface of the tube, or in the case of the latter method, fading of the light by the blood or mucous sticking to the tip of light guide and bulging of light guide inside the tube.
To solve these difficulties, the new system of illumination was explored. This consisted of the bundle of glass-fibers surrounding the tube, which enabled the effective illumination from the tip, and the light source combining with the stroboflash for taking photography.
This system has been applied effecitively the endoscopy of the throat, esophagus and trachea, and proved to be very suitable for color-photography.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (4965K) -
特に呼吸抵抗および血液ガス分析について菊池 恭三, 高山 乙彦, 岡安 大仁, 西島 昭吾, 長尾 光修, 宮地 直丸, 押尾 良功, 鈴木 隆夫, 加藤 秀雄, 高沢 美智子, ...1976 年 27 巻 1 号 p. 5-9
発行日: 1976/02/10
公開日: 2010/02/22
ジャーナル フリーPulmonary resistance and arterial blood gas tension were measured in 30 cases suffering from recurrent nerve paralysis.
Pulmonary resistance was measured by oscillation method in 26 cases and found that the resistance was increased in 20 cases (77%).
Arterial blood gas tension was measured in 20 cases. Decreasing of PO2 was found in 5 cases (25%), and decreasing of PCO2 was observed in 10 cases (50%).
The findings suggest that some effects of the recurrent nerve paralysis were found on pulmonary functions. It is necessary to check on pulmonary functions when we perform any laryngeal surgery in the patients suffering from recurrent nerve paralysis.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (671K) -
柯 賢忠1976 年 27 巻 1 号 p. 10-25
発行日: 1976/02/10
公開日: 2010/02/22
ジャーナル フリーRather advanced lung cancer detectorflexible bronchofiberscope with pathological endorsement is an important direct tool for discovering cancer lesion and differentiating it from inflammatory lesion as well.
The results of endoscopic findings are summarized as follows;
1) Inflammatory lesions can be seen diffusely over the very wide area, while cancer infiltrating lesions are localized and complicated. But it will be very difficult to diagnose when the cancer lesion is combined with inflammatory findings.
2) Tuberculous granulations are smooth in surface, homogenous in size and characterized by severe reddish swelling; while cancer granulations are surrounded by rigid and rough mucosa or small nodulation, and do not always show redness.
3) It is very difficult to judge the uneven mucosa surface in the In situ lesion, especially on the rather smooth mucosa surface with very limited granulation. In this situation, the mucosa surface is localized, rigid, hypertrophic and ill-defined. But it is easy to realize the In situ lesion when the mucosa becomes rough and thick.
4) The narrowed lumen due to epidermoid cancer or adenocarcinoma will be easily differentiated from inflammatory edematous swelling, but it may not be true for small cell carcinoma.
5) The protruded tumor appears more frequently in epidermoid cancer, while the infiltrated lesion more often in adenocarcinoma.
6) In epidermoid cancer, the overlying epithelium shows desquamated, necrotic and very rough in surface. Sometimes, some parts of involved lumen show deep infiltration, while the other parts are covered by normal epithelium. In general, adenocarcinoma has a tendency of circular invasion over the whole lumen.
7) Usually, the involved proximal bronchial mucosa is covered by the epithelium in adenocarcinoma and undifferentiated cancer.
8) The mucosa surface causes whitish scar contraction resulting in deformed lumen, if the deep portion of bronchial wall is involved.
Even though the differentiation between cancer infiltrating findings and inflammatory findings is very difficult. But if endoscopy is conducted with careful observation and experienced technique, the problem of difficulty in differentiation can be solved.
For the purpose of high probability of positive result in pathological examination, it is recommended to use an adequate size of brush wire combined with the good technique to get enough and adequate specimen.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (6079K) -
萩原 忠文1976 年 27 巻 1 号 p. 26
発行日: 1976/02/10
公開日: 2010/02/22
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (101K) -
須藤 守夫1976 年 27 巻 1 号 p. 26a-31
発行日: 1976/02/10
公開日: 2010/02/22
ジャーナル フリーIn the branchoscopic observation or pathologic examination, the changes of the bronchi in asthmatics during asthma attack were bronchoconstriction, mucous hypersecretion and edema or cellular response of bronchial wall. Suffocation was the most common cause of death in severe asthma, The adrenal atrophy was the most prominent in intractable asthma. The extrusion mechanisms of chemical mediators from the tissue mast cells were divided into two types. In light microscopic observation, the one was degranulation, and the other was decrease in number of granules. In electron micrograph, degranulation fell under eruptocrine mechanism and decrease in number of granules fell under transmembranous permeation. Both of them were prominent in the cases during attack.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (4655K) -
中島 重徳, 千葉 博史1976 年 27 巻 1 号 p. 31-37
発行日: 1976/02/10
公開日: 2010/02/22
ジャーナル フリーType I allergic reaction in the allergic respiratory diseases were studied clinically from immunopathological, immunochemistrical (IgE, S-IgA), bronchial hypersensitivity and immunogenetical points of view.
1. IgE and IgA in the respiratory tracts.
IgA, IgG, IgE and IgM producing cells in normal and diseased bronchial and lung tissues were considered plasma cells of bronchus and alveolus.
Secretory IgA levels in nasal and bronchial washings in patients with bronchial asthma and nasal allergy were the similar tendency in normal indiveduals, although IgE levels were markedly increased. Many cases with respiratory infection had higher Secretory IgA levels in nasal and bronchial washings than the patients with allergic asthma.
2. Bronchial hypersensitivity and allergy in respiratory tract.
An increased respiratory resistance and decreased FEV1.0, T50/VC and V25/VC by methacholine inhalation were recognized in the patients with asthma and clear hypereactivity in upper and peripheral air ways was revealed in those patients compared with the patients of respiratory diseases without asthma and normal individuals.
The response to methacholine was suppressed by the treatments of spesific hyposensitization and corticosteroid.
The levels of plasma prostaglandins (PGS) were increased in the patients with asthma, especially the PGS levels in the asthmatic attack were markedly higher than the attack free interval. There are significant relation between PGF1/PGF2α ratio and the bronchial constriction.
3. Relation to human leukocyte locus A (HL-A).
High frequency of the HL-A 9 in the first sublocus and W 5, 10 in the second subloeus were seen in the patients with allergic asthma and nasal allergy. However, the frequency of the spesific HL-A antigen was not seen in the patients with asthma and nasal allergy by the familial studies.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2613K) -
石川 哮, 北村 武, 河野 寿, 宮下 久夫, 藤田 洋右, 島田 哲男, 山口 宗彦1976 年 27 巻 1 号 p. 38-42
発行日: 1976/02/10
公開日: 2010/02/22
ジャーナル フリーThree allergic disorders manifested on the nose were reported in this session. First of all, an immediate type (Type I) allergy was examplified by the so-called nasal allergy of Dermatophagoides farinae. In addition to the expression of their clinical picture, effectiveness of the hyposensitization therapy was precisely described, including changes of nasal provocation threshold, PK titer, blocking antibody titer, IgE and IgE antibody value during the period of the therapy. Secondarily, it was speculated that Arthus reaction (Type III) induced by the bacterial infection to the paranasal sinuses was one of the main factors producing chronic sinusitis. This theory was mainly proved by immunohistological examination which showed that antibodies to Staphylococcus aureus or complements were distributed in the infiltrated cells, perivascular regions, basement membrane so on. On the third, clinical pictures and differentiation of Wegener's Granulomatosis (WG) and malignant granuloma of the nose (MGN) were presented. It was concluded that the both were clearly different, since, from immunological and histological findings, WG has characteristics of autoimmune disease and MGN could be classified in malignant lymphoma.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (638K) -
とくに上気道と下気道アレルギーの臨床成績の比較について松本 脩三, 富樫 要, 我妻 義則1976 年 27 巻 1 号 p. 42-47
発行日: 1976/02/10
公開日: 2010/02/22
ジャーナル フリーBronchial asthma and pollinosis are the main respiratory allergies in childhood and both are hypersensitive reactions of the immediate type. Some part of the patients with asthma or pollinosis may be complicated with the other. Therefore it is frequently considered that they have the similar disposition but it's also certainly that the patients with asthma or pollinosis have quite different characteristics in their background from each other.
This report included the study with such differences between two groups of patieats besides the difference of the reaction site or the sort of the causative allergens. The following results were obtained.
1) Starting age of the disease is mostly under 5 years old in the asthmatic patients (75%), but it's between 20 to 40 years old in half of the patients with pollinosis (50%).
2) Incidence of the disease in childhood is higher in male than in female in each group of patients but after 20 years of age the incidence of pollinosis become much higher in female.
3) Although asthmatic patients are frequently complicated with the atopic dermatitis in about 26%, patients with pollinosis complicated with the same condition are only 9.4%.
4) Mean serum IgE level is much higher in the asthmatic children (1659U/ml) than in the children with pollinosis (530U/ml). The mean level in asthmatic patients with pollinosis is the highest (2580U/ml).
5) There is the general correlation between serum IgE concentrations and the total RAST scores in asthmatics, but not any correlation in pollinosis group.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (753K) -
気管支喘息, 過敏性肺臓炎, サルコイドージスについて近藤 有好, 高頭 正長, 伊藤 慶夫1976 年 27 巻 1 号 p. 48-54
発行日: 1976/02/10
公開日: 2010/02/22
ジャーナル フリーA number of allergic diseases induced by different immunological mechanisms can appear in the respiratory tract and in the lungs. In the present studies, asthma bronchiale, hypersensitivity pneumonitis and sarcoidosis were discussed from several points of immunological aspect and the following results were obtained.
1) Asthma bronchiale
In this series, 187 cases of asthma bronchiale were studied.
a) Major antigens responsible for bronchial asthma were house dust, fungi (especially candida albicans) and pollens (ragweed, goldenrod).
b) A good relationship was observed between the positive results of inhalation test and the endpoint of skin dilution test or the positive reactions of P-K tests.
c) Serum IgE levels were higher in patients with atopic asthma than those with non-atopic.
d) In 27 cases with asthma positive for house dust, 78 per cent of the positive inhalation tests agreed with the results of RAST. In addition, a close correlation was seen between the RAST score for house dust and for Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus.
e) Types of asthmatic attack induced by the inhalation of mold antigens were divided into three groups; immediate, late and both combination types. In patients whose inhalation tests showed late type, serum IgE concentrations were not elevated with negative P-K reactions to mold antigens, but the precipitins to mold antigens were occasionally detected. Therefore, some immunological mechanisms, except for IgE-mediated, should be considered.
2) Hypersensitivity pneumonitis
Three cases of hypersensitivity pneumonitis and the results of animal experiment were presented.
Hypergammaglobulinemia, elevation of immunoglobulin G, positive reactions of CRP and RA tests were observed with reduction of sensitivity to tuberculin and lymphocytepenia in some instances.
In animal experiments, passive transfer of precipitating antibodies to M. faeni caused a mild interstitial pneumonitis within 24 hours of challange by the inhalation of M. faeni antigens.
3) Sarcoidosis
Nine cases of bronchial involvement in pulmonry Sarcoidosis were reported.
Clinicoimmunological analysis for more than 130 cases of sarcoidosis revealed that the PHA responses, sensitivity to tuberclin and DNCB were reduced, as well as a low number of T lymphocytes in about a half of cases.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (969K) -
奥田 稔1976 年 27 巻 1 号 p. 54-59
発行日: 1976/02/10
公開日: 2010/02/22
ジャーナル フリーNasal allergy and bronchial asthma, typical atopic diseases, were studied from the point of view of clinical statistics, histopathology, immunology and biological significance.
The above diseases were frequently combined in the same patients. Twenty five per cent (adults) or 57% (children) of nasal allergy patients had bronchial asthma, and 69% (adults) or 75% (children) of asthma patients had nasal allergy. Fourty per cent of the asthma patients without any nasal symptom was also detected an association with latent nasal allergy by detailed examination. Such combination of the diseases and higher occurence of nasal allergy than asthma can be easily understood since the defensive role of the nose to the lower respiratory organs was well known. Contrary to the defensive role of the nose, however, the following incompatible phenomenons were observed in the patients with both nasal and bronchial allergy: The age at onset of asthma was earlier than that of nasal allergy in 27% of the patients; The degree of nasal symptoms were unchanged during the periods of asthma attack in 62% of the patients; The most frequent time and season of attacks were different between both disease.
Nasal allergy was similar to bronchial asthma in the hitological findings of the mucous membranes. Subepithelial edema, disturbance of local circulation, hyperfunction of the secretory glands, degranulation of the mast cells and eosinophilia were commonly observed. They were also similar in the amount of immunoglobulins and specific antibodies in the secretions. Immunoglobulin A (secretory immunoglobulin A) and IgA antibodies were greater in amount than other classes of immunoglobulin and antibody.
The symptoms of asthma and nasal allergy were understood to be a reaction of the living body, which protects the lung and inhibits the penetration of allergen into the mucous membrane of the air way and the blood circulation.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1006K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|