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Volume 37 (1986)
- Issue 6 Pages 429-
- Issue 5 Pages 373-
- Issue 4 Pages 305-
- Issue 3 Pages 241-
- Issue 2 Pages 69-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 37, Issue 6
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
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SEM and TEM StudyMasaya Takumida, Tatsuzo Taira, Nobuharu Tagashira, Naoki Watanabe, Ak ...1986 Volume 37 Issue 6 Pages 429-431
Published: December 10, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: February 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study was designed to investigate the ultrastructure of the human thyreoarytenoid muscle using both scanning and transmission electron microscopes. The specimens were prepared by the A-O-D-O method for SEM and by the ordinary method for TEM.
Mitochondria vary in shape such as long, L-shaped, U-shaped or globular. Long mitochondria were observed along the myofibrils, while the globular ones were distributed under the sarcolemma. Observing by SEM, sarcoplasmic reticulum showed network-structures and formed the terminal cisterna, which were connected each other over the transverse tubules.
Intracellular structures such as mitochondria, sarcoplasmic reticulum, myofibrils, could be observed by TEM. However, the stereoscopic image cannot be obtained by TEM. The A-O-D-O method made it possible to observe intracellular structures three-dimensionally using SEM. Therefore, SEM is as useful as TEM for studying the pathological changes of the laryngeal muscles.View full abstractDownload PDF (9123K) -
Tomoyuki Haji, Stanley M. Blaugrund, Wilbur J. Gould1986 Volume 37 Issue 6 Pages 432-436
Published: December 10, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: February 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThough much has been written about glottis reconstruction after partial laryngectomy, there exists only little information concerning actual factors responsible for voice production in these patients. This study was undertaken to obtain information on the phonatory characteristics of the partially ablated larynx.
Twenty patients who had previously undergone partial laryngectomy with glottic reconstruction were examined. In addition to routine laryngofiberscopy, strobo-laryngofiberscopy was performed to examine detailed vibratory movement. Video recordings were made in each patient. Aerodynamic and phonatory function tests together with psychoacoustical voice quality analysis were also carried out and the results were compared to visual findings.
In the patients where the arytenoid of affected side was removed, marked sphincter-like movement of glottic and supraglottic remnants was noticed during phonation and the remained arytenoid cartilage demonstrated remarkable anteromedial movement in voicing. In most of these cases, supraglottic tissue was mainly involved in voicing. Whereas, in patients where both arytenoids were preserved, glottis voicing was more common and sphincterization of glottic and supraglottic remnants was less common during phonation.
Supraglottic voicing was perceived as rougher than glottic voicing. On the other hand, glottic voicing was perceived as more breathy.
Results of aerodynamic and phonatory function tests considerably related to the voicing mechanism, too.View full abstractDownload PDF (1800K) -
Hiroshi Miyahara, Yoshihiro Tsuruta, Katsunori Umatani, Kunitoshi Yosh ...1986 Volume 37 Issue 6 Pages 437-445
Published: December 10, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: February 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFrom 1978 to 1983, one hundred and nine patients with cancer of the hypopharynx (93 cases) and the cervical esophagus (16 cases) were treated at our hospital. They were evaluated for the sex, the age, the symptom, the primary site, TNM classification, the stage, habits of smoking and drinking, past history of irradiation, sputum cytology, the treatment modality and multiple primary cancer.
Eighty seven percent of the patients with cancer of the hypopharynx visited us so late with advanced stage III or stage IV. For earlier diagnosis, screening of the high risk group complaining of the throat discomfort should be done routinely. Especially in sputum cytology, positive rate was high in 79.5 percent (35/44) of the patients in all stages, and 66.7 percent even in T1 cases, indicating that this cytology was significantly useful for the detection of cancer of the hypopharynx and cervical esophagus.
After January, 1984, 13 advanced new patients (8 of stage III and 5 of stage IV) were treated with neo-adjuvant combination chemotherapy which included cisplatin, peplomycin; cisplatin peplomycin, methotrexate; cisplatin, bleomycin, methotrexate over two courses of the therapy. The response rate (CR+PR) was high, 90 percent to the primary tumor and 77.8 percent to the metastatic node. All except for one case received operation and/or radiotherapy after chemotherapy. It seems that a neo-adjuvant chemotherapy prior to operation and/or radio therapy including cisplatin and other agents is very useful as a multidisciplinary treatment in cancer of the hypopharynx and the cervical esophagus.View full abstractDownload PDF (1026K) -
Shinya Abe1986 Volume 37 Issue 6 Pages 447-452
Published: December 10, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: February 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSExperiments were conducted in order to examine the carcinogenetic process in young adult male beagles by attaching silicone rubber pellets containing 3-methylcholanthrene to the tracheal wall. Controls received silicone pellets without containing the carcinogen.
The method was designed to induce msucoal stimulation. The pellets were surgically fixed on the mucosal epithelium of the cervical trachea and bronchoscopic examination was performed at 4-week intervals for a year.
Polypoid lesions were recognized in 80% of the experimental animals and in all of the controls, within a period of 8-20 weeks after operation. Histologically, 3 types of lesions were recognized: squamous metaplasia, basal cell hyperplasia and inflammatory granuloma. In the control group, all polypoid lesions showed inflammatory granulomas. However, if pellets became detached the polypoid lesions decreased in size and finally disappeared.
Pellets remained after 52 weeks in 15% of the experimental animal group. The amount of 3-MC released from the pellets totalled 1.0-1.1mg. In the group in which the pellets remained after 52 weeks, inflammatory granuloma with severe inflammation in the submucosal layer was recognized in all animals, but no malignant tumor was recognized histologically.
The advantage of the present method is that it allows a sustained long-term release of the carcinogen that can be conjectured to reflect some types of human exposure to carcinogens. However, the influence of mechanical stimulation of the epithelium by the pellet, probably compounded by friction due to normal respiratory movement, must also be considered.View full abstractDownload PDF (6093K) -
Eiji Yumoto, Hiroshi Okamura1986 Volume 37 Issue 6 Pages 453-460
Published: December 10, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: February 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTwo cases with radiation necrosis of the larynx are reported. The first case, 77-year-old male, suffered from supraglottic carcinoma (T2N1). When he received 46 Gy irradiation, he complained of severe throat pain. Although antibiotics and steroid were given, he developed necrosis of the larynx and was laryngectomized. Histological examination showed typical changes of radiation effect: thickening of the wall of blood vessel, fibrous thickening of the perichondrium, and fibrosis and atrophy of the skeletal muscle. The second case, 62-year-old male, suffered from supraglottic carcinoma (T2N0). Four months after 60 Gy irradiation, he complained of increasing throat pain. His larynx was found to be necrotic and was excised. Destruction of the perichondrium by invasion of tumor cells was histologically observed. This change was considered to be a main cause of necrosis of the cartilage. Once necrosis of the cartilage occurs, a laryngectomy is required. Therefore, early diagnosis of perichondritis is necessary to prevent necrotic change of the cartilage by medical treatment. The laryngologist should also recognize that recurrent tumor may hide under significantly edematous mucosa which persists after completion of radiotherapy.View full abstractDownload PDF (5462K) -
Takehiko Harada, Eiko Endoh1986 Volume 37 Issue 6 Pages 461-464
Published: December 10, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: February 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTwo cases of bilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis due to surgery of the neck were reported. In case 1, the paralysis occurred after surgery of the parathyroid glands. Improvement began at 48th day after surgery, and it took 4 months to get complete recovery. In the meantime, EMG of the laryngeal muscles was performed, but did not provide valuable information to judge the prognosis of the paralysis. A possible social problem had been anticipated between the patient and the hospital, but fortunately the paralysis recovered. In case 2, the paralysis occurred after surgery of the thyroid gland. Recovery started unilaterally 92 days after surgery, but complete paralysis remained even after 8 months on the other side. The prominent symptom of the patients in both cases was severe hoarseness. They did not complain of dyspnea. It should be stressed that particular attention is required pre- and post-operatively so that the patient understands fully the underlying problem. A long time follow-up may be necessary, since it sometimes takes long time to recover from paralysis.View full abstractDownload PDF (393K) -
Reiji Nishiyama, Kazuo Sakurai, Hidetsugu Kojima, Masatake Ishihara, S ...1986 Volume 37 Issue 6 Pages 465-472
Published: December 10, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: February 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the hypopharynx, benign tumors are rare than malignant tumors. Particularly hemangiopericytoma is extremely rare. We reported a case of hemangiopericytoma in the left pyriform sinus. The patient was a 47-year-old woman who complained of a foreign body sensation in the hypopharynx for 6 months. Indirect laryngoscopy revealed pedunclated polyp-like smooth surfaced tumor in the left pyriform sinus. On contrast radiographies of the hypopharynx, a large round filling defect and a deformity of the left pyriform sinus were shown. Under direct laryngoscopy, the tumor was removed and proved histopathologically to be composed of small spindle cells by silver impregnation, and diagnosed as a benign hemangiopericytoma. The patient had no recurrence following 10 months after operation. No previous report on hemangiopericytoma of the hypopharynx was found in the Japanese literature.View full abstractDownload PDF (3826K) -
S. Ikeda1986 Volume 37 Issue 6 Pages 474-475
Published: December 10, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: February 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (179K)
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