Ethanol is metabolized to acetaldehyde by several enzymes such as alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), CYP2E1, and catalase. Acetaldehyde is then metabolized to acetate by aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH). Acetaldehyde is toxic and is suspected to be a carcinogen in alcohol-related carcinogenesis and to induce a facial flushing reaction after alcohol consumption. Some foodstuffs are reported to inhibit ALDH2 activity. However, it remains unclear whether alcoholic beverages contain any substances that influence the alcohol metabolism. In this study, we investigated the effect of Japanese sake on alcohol metabolism, especially acetaldehyde degradation, and for the first time, clarified that Japanese sake-derived α-glucosylglycerol has an inhibitory effect on ALDH activity.
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