巻号一覧
16 巻 (1983)
- 6 号 p. 449-
- 5 号 p. 345-
- 4 号 p. 257-
- 3 号 p. 167-
- 2 号 p. 85-
- 1 号 p. 1-
16 巻, 4 号
選択された号の論文の17件中1～17を表示しています
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MASATAKA TANIGAKI, SHIZUHARU MACHIDA, MAKOTO HARADA, WATARU EGUCHI1983 年 16 巻 4 号 p. 257-262
発行日: 1983/08/20
公開日: 2006/04/04
ジャーナル フリーMulticomponent diffusion experiments for three concentrations in the H2O-SmCl3-NdCl3 ternary system and for a single concentration in the H2O-SmCl3-NdCl3-PrCl3 quaternary system were carried out with the positionscanning spectrophotometer and the diffusion coefficients were determined using the extended Boltzmann method. Binary diffusion coefficients for the H2O-SmCl3 and H2O-NdCl3 systems were also measured. They were nearly the same as each other, slightly increasing as the solute concentration increased from 0.1 to 1.0kmol/m3. Reliability of the measured multicomponent diffusion coefficients was supported by the fact that they satisfied Onsager''s reciprocal relation. Cross diffusion coefficients were between 20 and 50 percent of the main terms and cannot be neglected, even from the engineering viewpoint. The large cross diffusion coefficients were due to the electrostatic interaction among the constituent ions and the observed multicomponent diffusion coefficients could be estimated fairly well by the method of Wendt at low concentrations. Improvement in the estimation of the multicomponent diffusion coefficients by the method of Miller was pronounced, especially at higher concentrations.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (447K) -
KAZUNARI OHGAKI, HAYATO NISHII, TETSURO SAITO, TAKASHI KATAYAMA1983 年 16 巻 4 号 p. 263-267
発行日: 1983/08/20
公開日: 2006/04/04
ジャーナル フリーIsothermal phase equilibria for the system methanol-ethylene were measured at 25°C and 40°C by a static method.
At each temperature, an invisible boundary in a high-pressure equilibrium region was found by gas chromatographic analysis.
For studying the phase behavior of the methanol-ethylene system, the critical loci for the system were estimated by using the Soave-Redlich-Kwong equation of state. The calculation shows that an isothermal phase equilibrium of the methanol-ethylene system exhibits one to three critical points.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (327K) -
TORU TAKAMATSU, MANABU YAMAGUCHI, TAKASHI KATAYAMA1983 年 16 巻 4 号 p. 267-272
発行日: 1983/08/20
公開日: 2006/04/04
ジャーナル フリーFormation of single drops in a non-uniform electric field is studied for water drops in the atmosphere and in three kinds of dielectric liquids. Theoretical equations are derived for the volume and the electric charge of the formed drop and corresponding experiments were performed in a range of applied electric potential of 0-7.5 kV.
It was clarified that measured drop volumes agree well with theoretical values for systems of liquid-gas and liquid-liquid. The experimental drop charges are not satisfactorily represented by theoretical analysis, but are well evaluated by a semi-empirical equation presented here.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (375K) -
YUKINARI SATO, KAZUO YAMAMOTO, TOKURO MIZUSHINA1983 年 16 巻 4 号 p. 273-280
発行日: 1983/08/20
公開日: 2006/04/04
ジャーナル フリーAn empirical equation for the double velocity-correlation function f(r, t) in the Kármán-Howarth (K-H) equation, which represents the dynamic behavior of homogeneous isotropic turbulence, is proposed by use of two parameters: the rms fluctuating velocity u'' and the turbulent Reynolds number Rλ=u''λ/√2v (λ is the longitudinal microscale and v the kinematic viscosity), in the form of f(ψ, Rλ), where ψ = r/λ. The empirical equation is obtained by rearranging the data measured in a nearly isotropic field behind a grid with reference to other investigations reported previously. The validity of this empirical equation is confirmed by comparison of calculated results with experimental data over a wide range of Rλ, 10 to 104. Further, the triple correlation function k(r, t) is computed numerically based on the K-H equation with the known variable u''2 f, and consequently can be expressed in the form of k(ψ, Rλ Iλ), where Iλ is introduced to describe the decay state, as defined by Iλ = (1/4v)dλ2/dt. The calculated results are consistent with data of k(r) obtained by direct measurements and some relevant measurements reported for 10 ?? Rλ ?? 104. The energy spectrum function E(κ) and the transfer function T(κ) calculated from u''2f(r) and u''3k(r), respectively, are also considered quantitatively to be compared with some measurements and Kolmogorov''s - 5/3 power spectrum on E(κ). In addition, the application of these empirical equations to grid turbulence is described.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (582K) -
MASARU ISHIDA, TAKUYA OHNO1983 年 16 巻 4 号 p. 281-287
発行日: 1983/08/20
公開日: 2006/04/04
ジャーナル フリーAn energy-direction factor diagram elucidating both the exergy required for distillation and the irreversible exergy loss in a distillation column is proposed. For this purpose the concept of a reversible distillation column with interstage heat exchangers is introduced and the energy exchange between the energy-donating processes and the energy-accepting ones is discussed. Although it is composed of a finite number of stages, this reversible column may theoretically perform separation without exergy loss.
By comparing a real distillation column with the corresponding reversible one with the same number of stages, the irreversible exergy loss in the distillation column can be obtained, facilitating a visual grasp of its thermodynamic characteristics.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (453K) -
MITSUTAKA KITAMURA, TASUKU NAKAI1983 年 16 巻 4 号 p. 288-293
発行日: 1983/08/20
公開日: 2006/04/04
ジャーナル フリーWhen o-chlorobenzoic acid (OCBA) is recrystallized from toluene solution containing benzoic acid (BA) as impurity, BA co-crystallizes with OCBA because of formation of solid solution. The distribution coefficient of BA between crystal and toluene solution was estiamted by the differential crystallization method. The coefficient was observed to remain almost constant independently of solution composition for XLBA less than 0.6. However, it decreased with crystallization temperature. If the concentration of BA in solutions increased more than some limiting value during crystallization, not only the solid solution but also BA crystals precipitated simultaneously and the purity of OCBA crystals suddenly decreased.
Batch crystallization was carried out by evaporation at constant temperature. The evaporation rate was controlled using an electro-controller, but no influence of evaporation rate on average composition of crystals was observed. The average composition of crystals was calculated using the distribution coefficient obtained by differential crystallization. The calculated values agreed well with experimental data and it became clear that the distribution coefficient for differential crystallization hardly differs from that in batch evaporative crystallization.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (440K) -
KAZUYUKI CHIHARA, MOTOYUKI SUZUKI1983 年 16 巻 4 号 p. 293-299
発行日: 1983/08/20
公開日: 2006/04/04
ジャーナル フリーAir drying experiments by pressure swing adsorption (PSA) were carried out, using two columns packed with silica gel as adsorbent. Measurements were also made of batch adsorption of water vapor on silica gel to obtain input data for the authors'' PSA simulation program. Experimental PSA results were compared with this computer simulation. Good agreement was obtained and the trend of experimental results was well explained by simulation for both isothermal and non-isothermal cases. In the simulation, however, mass transfer coefficients two or three times larger than those estimated conventionally from batch measurement were used to obtain good coincidence. These larger mass transfer coefficients were determined by a recently developed method for short adsorption and desorption cycle.5) The simulation method is useful in predicting the performance of air drying PSA.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (552K) -
KO HIGASHITANI, KIYOYUKI YAMAUCHI, YOSHIZO MATSUNO, GIJIRO HOSOKAWA1983 年 16 巻 4 号 p. 299-304
発行日: 1983/08/20
公開日: 2006/04/04
ジャーナル フリーA kinetic equation for the turbulent coagulation of particles in a viscous fluid in which the hydrodynamic interaction between colliding particles is taken into account is proposed. The theoretical prediction of the time-dependent behavior of particle concentration is compared with results of experiments in which latex particles in KC1 solutions are coagulated in a stirred tank. It is found that the effect of the hydrodynamic interaction is not negligible, and that changes of particle concentration under various experimental conditions are quantitatively predicted by the present theory. On the other hand, the Saffman-Turner theory is found to overestimate the coagulation rate considerably and to yield a systematic error in the dependence of coagulation rate on the dissipation energy.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (476K) -
HIROSHI YUKAWA, KAZUHIRO SHIMURA, AKIHIRO SUDA, AKIO MANIWA1983 年 16 巻 4 号 p. 305-311
発行日: 1983/08/20
公開日: 2006/04/04
ジャーナル フリーOne of the major bottlenecks in ultrafiltration of colloidal solutions of such materials as protein is gel layer formation, which exhibits very large filtration resistance. Cross-flow electro-ultrafiltration is very effective in increasing the filtration flux because the thickness of the gel layer formed on the membrane is decreased by electrophoresis and the shear force caused near the membrane. Moreover, the filtration resistances of the gel layer and the membrane are apparently decreased by electroosmosis. In this paper, the performance and the design equation of a cross-flow electro-ultrafilter are reported for a colloidal solution of gelatin.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (477K) -
MIKIO KONNO, MINORU AOKI, SHOZABURO SAITO1983 年 16 巻 4 号 p. 312-319
発行日: 1983/08/20
公開日: 2006/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThe effect of scale on the breakup process in liquid-liquid agitated tanks was investigated. Transient drop size distributions in the breakup process were measured in geometrically similar mixing vessels at equal power input per unit mass, which was taken as a scale-up criterion under the assumption of isotropic turbulence for the flow around drops. The distributions in each vessel, however, did not undergo the same variation with time and the condition of equal power input per unit mass was found to be inappropriate as a scale-up criterion for the breakup process.
The experimental result was explained from direct observation of breakups in the mixing vessels by high-speed cine-photography. The observations made it clear that breakups occurred not only in the isotropic turbulent region but also in the nonisotropic turbulent region. A new model for the breakup process was proposed which considers breakups in both regions. This model successfully predicted the transient drop size distributions.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (719K) -
KIYOTAKA SAKAI, MICHIO MINESHIMA1983 年 16 巻 4 号 p. 320-323
発行日: 1983/08/20
公開日: 2006/04/04
ジャーナル フリーThis paper discusses a new quantitative evaluation of the removal dynamics in the artificial kidney system. New therapeutic parameters (KC/V and CL/V) were introduced into the evaluation.
By means of these parameters, which can be determined by simulation analysis, concentration-time profiles of each patient could be drawn during dialysis and off-dialysis periods.
The newly defined concept of "CSMAX", which means a maximum solute concentration in stable periods, is presented as the characterization parameter in long-term treatment.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (287K) -
TORU TAKAMATSU, MANABU YAMAGUCHI, TAKASHI KATAYAMA1983 年 16 巻 4 号 p. 324-326
発行日: 1983/08/20
公開日: 2006/04/04
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (226K) -
TSUNEO SEKIZAWA, HIROSHI KUBOTA, WOO CHANG CHUNG1983 年 16 巻 4 号 p. 327-330
発行日: 1983/08/20
公開日: 2006/04/04
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (264K) -
SHIN-ICHI NAKAO, MOTOYUKI SUZUKI1983 年 16 巻 4 号 p. 330-332
発行日: 1983/08/20
公開日: 2006/04/04
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (228K) -
KAZUYUKI SHIMIZU, R. S. H. MAH1983 年 16 巻 4 号 p. 332-334
発行日: 1983/08/20
公開日: 2006/04/04
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (160K) -
JOSÉ COCA, JULIO L. BUENO, HERMINIO SASTRE1983 年 16 巻 4 号 p. 335-338
発行日: 1983/08/20
公開日: 2006/04/04
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (383K) -
A. T. JACKSON, N. DOMBROWSKI1983 年 16 巻 4 号 p. 338-339
発行日: 1983/08/20
公開日: 2006/04/04
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (109K)
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