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MAKOTO HARADA, NAOFUMI SHIOMI, FUMIO YAMAZAKI
1984 Volume 17 Issue 6 Pages
567-572
Published: December 20, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
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The separation of iron and zinc was studied with the use of liquid membrane containing tri-
n-octylamine in benzene. The selective separation of zinc and iron can be performed with the help of the strong difference in permeation rates between the two metals. Simultaneous enrichment of zinc and iron can be realized if a proper condition is selected, i.e., the condition that fluxes of both zinc and iron are controlled by the diffusional resistance in the raffinate aqueous phase.
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MAKOTO HARADA, NAOFUMI SHIOMI
1984 Volume 17 Issue 6 Pages
572-576
Published: December 20, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
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Selective separation is usually performed with the help of a strong difference in the permeation rates of the solutes through a liquid membrane, where the solutes are transported through the membrane in co-current fashion. In this work we propose a method of obtaining the countercurrent transport of the solutes, by using a liquid membrane with two kinds of carriers which have different mechanisms of extracting the solutes. It was demonstrated that one carrier, TOA, transports the metals zinc and iron from one aqueous phase to the other while the other carrier, D2EHP, preferentially back-transports to the original aqueous phase the iron transported by TOA. An efficient separation of zinc and iron was performed with the help of these two carriers.
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OSAMU ARIGA, TADATSUGU OKUMURA, MASAHITO TAYA, TAKESHI KOBAYASHI
1984 Volume 17 Issue 6 Pages
577-582
Published: December 20, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
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As H
2 and CO
2 can be utilized by methanogenic bacteria, as well as volatile fatty acids such as formic acid, biomethanations of the gaseous substrates and formic acid were carried out under elevated pressure. The pH of the medium was adjusted to the appropriate value for the methanogenic bacteria (pH 6.8) by changing the amount of Na
2CO
3 added to the medium. Biomethanation was not inhibited by elevated partial pressure of the gaseous substrates in the absence of mass transfer limitation of H
2, nor retarded by elevated pressure when formic acid was used as a carbon source. However, the amount of methane evolved from CO
2 and H
2 for 3 days under 101 kPa decreased to 25 % compared with that under 355 kPa in the presence of the mass transfer limitation of H
2. This effect is explained by the mass transfer model.
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HIROMOTO USUI, YUJI SANO, MORIHIKO SAWADA, TAKASHI HONGOH
1984 Volume 17 Issue 6 Pages
583-588
Published: December 20, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
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For the better preparation of highly loaded coal-water slurries in coal utilization processes, the thixotropic behavior of CWM was simulated by means of a new thixotropy model employing the yield stress as a structural parameter. Ways to imrpove the slurry preparation method were studied by combining the experimental results of thixotropy and stability measurements. It is concluded that the thixotropic parameter determined in this work is useful in judging the stability of CWM.
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MASAYUKI KURO-OKA, TOSHIYUKI SUZUKI, TOMOSHIGE NITTA, TAKASHI KATAYAMA
1984 Volume 17 Issue 6 Pages
588-592
Published: December 20, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
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Equilibrium data for single-component adsorption on activated fiber carbon, KF-1500 are presented for the five gases methane, ethane, propylene, 1-pentane and carbon dioxide at 0, 25 and 50 °C. An adsorption equation by a multi-site occupancy model for homogeneous surface represents the isotherms fairly well, but the calculated amounts of adsorption are usually less than those observed at low surface coverage. The deviation may be attributed to the surface heterogeneity, which is neglected in the equation. From a comparison of isotherms on glanular and fiber activated carbons, it is suggested that the difference is only in the specific surface area, and that the other two parameters, the number of sites occupied by a molecule and the adsorption equilibrium constant, are almost the same for the two activated carbons.
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TOSHIRO MIYAHARA, MINORU IWATA, TERUO TAKAHASHI
1984 Volume 17 Issue 6 Pages
592-597
Published: December 20, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
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Bubble formation phenomena with weeping at a submerged orifice were investigated experimentally over a range of orifice diameters of 3-13.2 mm. There appeared to be four regimes of interest: single bubbling at small chamber volumes and low gas flow rates, doubling noticed with increasing gas flow rate, jetting at further increase of gas flow rate and pairing at very large chamber volumes under conditions of gas flow rates smaller than those for jetting point. Empirical relationships predicting each transitional point of bubble formation regimes are obtained.
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TOSHIRO MIYAHARA, TERUO TAKAHASHI
1984 Volume 17 Issue 6 Pages
597-602
Published: December 20, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
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Bubble volumes in the single bubbling regime, which is one of bubble formation regimes with weeping, are larger than those for bubble formation without weeping. A theoretical treatment for bubble formation with weeping is performed to predict bubble volume in the single bubbling regime where weeping through an orifice occurs after the detachment of a bubble, and a comparison with measurements is made.
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HAKUAI INOUE, MASAKI FUNAKOSHI
1984 Volume 17 Issue 6 Pages
602-610
Published: December 20, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
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The kinetics of reaction of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide with hydrogen in a nickel catalyst tube wall reactor were investigated experimentally and the reaction mechanisms were clarified.
The observed rate laws were
-r
co = (k
1P
H2P
1/2CO)/(1 + K
COP
CO) for carbon monoxide, and
-r
co2 = (k''P
H2P
1/3CO2)/(1 + K
CO2P
CO2 + K
H2 + K
H2OP
H2O)
for carbon dioxide at low partial pressure.
These reaction rate laws were derived theoretically from the proposed reaction mechanism. For a mixture of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide the kinetics of the reaction proved to be well accounted for by the same reaction mechanism.
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KOZO KOIDE, SHINJI IWAMOTO, YUKITOSHI TAKASAKA, SHINJI MATSUURA, ETSUO ...
1984 Volume 17 Issue 6 Pages
611-618
Published: December 20, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
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The effects of gas velocity and geometrical dimensions of apparatus on the flow rate Q
L of circulating liquid, gas holdups and pressure drops in bubble columns with draught tube were examined. It was found that Q
L increases with increasing gas velocity, column diameter, draught tube length, and height of the lower end of draught tube, and decreases with increasing liquid viscosity. It was also found that the maximum value of Q
L is observed for constant values of gas velocity and column diameter, when the diameter ratio of draught tube and column is about 0.6.
Empirical equations for gas holdups in draught tube and annulus and the pressure drops due to flow reversals, necessary for estimating Q
L, are proposed.
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HIDEKI TSUGE, SHIN-ICHI HAMAMOTO, SHIN-ICHI HIBINO
1984 Volume 17 Issue 6 Pages
619-623
Published: December 20, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
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The wall effect on the terminal velocity and the shape of single bubbles rising in highly viscous liquids has been investigated experimentally. The terminal velocities of single bubbles affected by the column wall are correlated with two dimensionless equations between
ReM0.48/(l - λ
1.5) and Eötvös number
Eo, where λ is the bubble and column diameter ratio and 1 -λ
1.5 is the wall effect function, which was also used for relatively low-viscosity liquids.
The aspect ratio
h/w defining the bubble deformation is found to be a function of
Re and λ for
Re ≥0.1, while it is a function of λ only for
Re < 0.1. The bubble deforms from the sphere in the vicinity of
Eo = 6, which corresponds to the border of dimensionless equations of bubble rising velocity.
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YOSHINORI ADACHI, HIDEZUMI SUGIE, BENJAMIN C.-Y. LU
1984 Volume 17 Issue 6 Pages
624-631
Published: December 20, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
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Eleven volume-cubic equations of state were evaluated for their capabilities of predicting pure-substance properties, such as compressibility factor, fugacity coefficient, enthalpy departure, vapor pressure, saturated liquid and vapor volumes, compressed liquid volume, second virial coefficient and latent heat of vaporization. The calculated results were compared with available experimental data and/or generalized correlations. Furthermore, comparisons are graphically presented to depict the characteristics of the equations tested. It appears that the Adachi-Lu-Sugie equation is recommendable for its overall performance.
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KATSUHIKO FUJINAWA, MITSUGU MORISHITA, MITSUNORI HOZAWA, NOBUYUKI IMAI ...
1984 Volume 17 Issue 6 Pages
632-636
Published: December 20, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
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The rate of demulsification of W/O emulsion was studied experimentally, using a batch A.C. electric demulsifier. The oil phase was kerosene, containing Span 80 as a surfactant (
Cs = 1-7 wt %), and LIX64N as an extraction reagent (
CLIX=0-8wt%).
The water phase contained an electrolyte such as NaCl, H
2SO
4 or CuSO
4 (
CE = 0-0.6 mol/dm
3).
It is clarified that the rate of demulsification is proportional to
C-0.5S and increases as
CLIX and
CE increase. An experimental equation is presented for estimation of the demulsification rate.
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TOSHIO AKIMOTO, TOMOSHIGE NITTA, TAKASHI KATAYAMA
1984 Volume 17 Issue 6 Pages
637-641
Published: December 20, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
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Experimental data are presented for vapor pressure and nitrogen solubility at 25 °C for three binary nonpolar mixtures: cyclohexane + 1-hexane, cyclohexane + carbon tetrachloride and benzene + carbon tetrachloride. The one-fluid van der Waals model with the Carnahan-Starling equation for a reference fluid expression is applied to represent three thermodynamic excess quantities: the excess Gibbs energy, the excess molar volume and the excess quantity of gas solubility. It is found that agreement of the theory and the experiments is fairly good for mixtures of relatively globular molecules of benzene, cyclohexane and carbon tetrachloride. However, disagreement is found for mixtures of cyclohexane + 1-hexane.
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EIZO SADA, SHIGEO KATOH, TSUNEO INOUE, KAZUO MATSUKURA, MASAMI SHIOZAW ...
1984 Volume 17 Issue 6 Pages
642-646
Published: December 20, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
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Stable tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase (EC 6.1.1.1) was isolated from thermophilic bacterium
Bacillus stearothermophilus and purified by use of two consecutive affinity chromatographic procedures on a large scale. The specific activity increased 25, 900-fold after the purification. With a Matrex Blue A column, used in the finalstep affinity Chromatography, the effects of factors influencing the performance of Chromatography were studied. The column diameter was scaled up from 1.65cm to 18.4cm without appreciable change in the elution profiles. The degree of purification decreased gradually and the elution profile became sharper with the increase in concentration of potassium chloride from 0.1 to 0.6 mol ⋅ 1
-1. Variation of the elution profile with liquid velocity was also studied. The experimental elution curves showed general agreement with the calculated values based on the mass transfer theory.
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SATORU TAKAMATSU, MASASHI UEBA, KIYOKAZU YAMASHITA
1984 Volume 17 Issue 6 Pages
647-649
Published: December 20, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
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YUJI SHINDO, TOSHIKATSU HAKUTA, HIROSHI YOSHITOME, HAKUAI INOUE
1984 Volume 17 Issue 6 Pages
650-652
Published: December 20, 1984
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K. NGUYEN-TIEN, A. N. PATWARI, A. SCHUMPE, W.-D. DECKWER
1984 Volume 17 Issue 6 Pages
652-653
Published: December 20, 1984
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KOHEI OGAWA, CHIAKI KURODA, ICHIRO INOUE
1984 Volume 17 Issue 6 Pages
654-656
Published: December 20, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
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KOJI TAKAHASHI, TOSHIYUKI YOKOTA, HIROTAKA KONNO
1984 Volume 17 Issue 6 Pages
657-659
Published: December 20, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
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TAKAO KOKUGAN, YOSHITAKA HIRAI, HIROKAZU KOBAYASHI, MASARU SHIMIZU
1984 Volume 17 Issue 6 Pages
660-663
Published: December 20, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
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RYUICHI FUKUZATO, YASUSHI TOMISAKA, HIROSHI INOMATA, KUNIO ARAI, SHOZA ...
1984 Volume 17 Issue 6 Pages
663-666
Published: December 20, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: April 19, 2006
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