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Volume 5 (1972)
- Issue 4 Pages 327-
- Issue 3 Pages 215-
- Issue 2 Pages 99-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 5, Issue 3
Displaying 1-21 of 21 articles from this issue
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EIZO SADA, TOSHIO OHNO, SHIGEHARU KITO1972 Volume 5 Issue 3 Pages 215-218
Published: September 30, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSVapor-liquid equilibrium data of acetone-water system saturated with sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium nitrate, and calcium chloride dihydrate are determined under atmospheric pressure. These vapor-liquid equilibrium data are correlated by a method which gives approximately the behavior of salt in the liquid. The standard deviation of correlated results is 2.32%. To carry out this correlation, the vapor pressures of aqueous solutions saturated with salts are also determined.View full abstractDownload PDF (677K) -
TETSUO MORISUE, KATSUJI NODA, KIYOHARU ISHIDA1972 Volume 5 Issue 3 Pages 219-223
Published: September 30, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBased on local composition, the Wilson equation, NRTL equation and Bruin equation are discussed. A new two-parameter equation
gE/RT=x1x2{W12/x2+x1exp(-W12)+W21/x1+x2exp(-W21)}
is proposed. This equation maybe applied to most systems, as can the three-parameter NRTL equation, though it has the limited use to the systems having the large negative deviation from Raoult''s law. This equation is tested and compared with other equations including van Laar equation for five binary and two ternary systems and good results are obtained.View full abstractDownload PDF (825K) -
VAPOR PRESSURE OF PURE DMSO AND VAPOR-LIQUID EQUILIBRIA IN DMSO-H2O SYSTEM UNDER ISOBARIC CONDITIONSMICHIKO NISHIMURA, MUTSUO NAKAYAMA, TAKEO YANO1972 Volume 5 Issue 3 Pages 223-226
Published: September 30, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe vapor pressures of pure DMSO were measured from 30 to 150°C by ths isoteniscopic method. An empirical equation for P-T correlation is given and molal heats of vaporization are calculated.
The vapor-liquid equilibrium compositions and temperatures were determined experimentally under isobaric conditions of 550, 350, and 150 mmHg pressures for DMSO-H2O system. The activity coefficients are correlated to liquid compositions by Chao and Hougen''s equation.View full abstractDownload PDF (642K) -
ISAMU NAGATA, TATSUHIKO OHTA, TAKESHI TAKAHASHI1972 Volume 5 Issue 3 Pages 227-231
Published: September 30, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIsothermal vapor-liquid equilibrium data are presented for methyl acetate-methanol system at 35°C and 45°C and for methyl acetate-ethanol system at 45° and 55°C. Excess enthalpy data for the two systems are obtained at 45°C. Simultaneous fit of these thermodynamic quantities was successfully accomplished by using the NRTL equation whose parameters were assumed to be a linear function of temperature.View full abstractDownload PDF (873K) -
ISAMU NAGATA, TATSUHIKO OHTA1972 Volume 5 Issue 3 Pages 232-235
Published: September 30, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA precise procedure is presented to estimate vapor compositions from the total pressure and liquid composition data for isothermal binary systems. The method is based upon the Gibbs-Duhem equation. Forsythe orthogonal polynomials were used to correlate the total pressure data in terms of liquid mole fraction. The numerical integration of the Gibbs-Duhem equation was carried out by using the Runge-Kutta-Gill method. Calculated results for the binary chloroform-ethanol system are in better agreement with experimental data than are those by the previous methods.View full abstractDownload PDF (577K) -
KOZO KOIDE, TAKASHI HAYASHI, MEIZO NORO, YASUSHI TAKEMURA, NOBORU KAWA ...1972 Volume 5 Issue 3 Pages 236-242
Published: September 30, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe average diameter, d, of bubbles generated from a porous plate in pure liquid and in aqueous solutions of inorganic electrolyte were measured at various gas flow rates by taking photographs of bubbles the size of which was controlled by bubble coalescence on and above the plate.
For the extreme case when coalescence occurred at the maximum rate such as in water and in pure organic liquid, the empirical equations for d based on previous data and those from this experiment are proposed.
The addition of inorganic electrolyte to water reduced the coalescence and thus simultaneously reduced d. The average bubble diameter in the aqueous solutions is well correlated to the experimental conditions with an empirical equation including the non-dimensional group proposed by Marrucci and also corresponding to the controlling factor of the bubble coalescence.View full abstractDownload PDF (1241K) -
TOMOAKI KOMORI, EIJI HIRAI1972 Volume 5 Issue 3 Pages 242-248
Published: September 30, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn approximate analytical solution of the heat conduction problem with change of phase for a slab is derived and compared with the experimental results obtained in freezing soy bean curds.
It is verified by the numerical solution presented by Murray and Landis.
The experimental results agree well with the results estimated by these solutions. Therefore, the approximate solutions of this work are available for Stefan''s and Neumann''s problems for a slab.View full abstractDownload PDF (1077K) -
KORETSUNE UEYAMA, JUN''ICHI HATANAKA, KANEHIRO OGAWA1972 Volume 5 Issue 3 Pages 248-251
Published: September 30, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMass transfer coefficient is numerically obtained for a laminar boundary layer flow with tangentially moving interface. It is implied that the flow is similar and the dimensionless stream function is known. Dimensionless mass transfer coefficient can be approximately expressed as a function of a single parameter containing the velocity and the velocity gradient at the interface.
The functional relation is analogous with that by Beek and Bakker and applicable to all similar boundary layer flows. It is also numerically shown that the general correlation gives a good estimate even in the case of small Schmidt number for uniform flow over a flat interface.View full abstractDownload PDF (651K) -
SHIGEKATSU MORI, IWAO MUCHI1972 Volume 5 Issue 3 Pages 251-257
Published: September 30, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSimplifying a model previously proposed by the authors, an analytical model for predicting the fractional conversion of catalytic reaction in gaseous fluidized bed reactor is developed.
Concerning the fractional conversion, data calculated from this model are compared with experimental data obtained by the other investigators. Effects of cross-flow rate of gas between bubbles and the surrounding dense phase on the fractional conversion are discussed in terms of sensibility coefficients.View full abstractDownload PDF (1220K) -
YASUHIRO MURAKAMI, KATSUMASA FUJIMOTO, SHIGERU KAKIMOTO, MASAAKI SEKIN ...1972 Volume 5 Issue 3 Pages 257-263
Published: September 30, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe characteristics of a mixing apparatus with two agitator axes having multidisks as a high viscosity polymer finisher was studied from a practical point of view, 1) Holdup : it could be correlated by using a term of (μnD/δ). 2) Power consumption and mixing time : the results were compared with those of other high-viscosity equipment. 3) Residence time distribution and dead space : the former almost agreed with the tanks-inseries model. The latter seemed to be small. 4) Surface renewal action : the rate of surface renewal was determined from the gas absorption and also estimated by the observation of liquid flow.
As a model reaction polycondensation polymerization of polyamide in the presence of water and viscosity stabilizer is discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (1410K) -
CHLORINATION OF PHENOL IN A BUBBLE COLUMNKATSUMI NAKAO, KOICHI HASHIMOTO, TSUTAO OTAKE1972 Volume 5 Issue 3 Pages 264-272
Published: September 30, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA simple reactor model for a complicated gas-liquid reaction system is developed by taking into account the influence of both gas- and liquid-phase mass transfer, and the analytical expressions predicting reactor performance at various reaction conditions are derived.
The validity of this model is examined by using the chlorination of phenol in a bubble column. The experimental results are in good agreement with the model predictions.
Prior to the heterogeneous chlorination, homogeneous chlorinations of phenol and the chlorinated phenols were carried out, and the intrinsic reaction rate constants were obtained.View full abstractDownload PDF (1655K) -
RYOZO TOEI, RYUICHI MATSUNO, HIROYUKI HOTTA, MORIHIRO OICHI, YUKIO FUJ ...1972 Volume 5 Issue 3 Pages 273-279
Published: September 30, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe contribution of the particle flow (around and in a bubble) to the transfer mechanism of gas or heat between a bubble and the continuous phase was studied in a gas-solid fluidized bed. Two effects of particles were considered, that is, 1) the capacitance effect of particles flowing through the cloud and 2) of those falling in a bubble. Simple models were proposed for each effect. The validities of models were confirmed by experiments of gas adsorption and heat transfer, and it was confirmed that the volumetric fraction of particles in the bubble was εp=(1∼2)×10-3.View full abstractDownload PDF (1364K) -
KUNIO SHINOHARA, TATSUO TANAKA1972 Volume 5 Issue 3 Pages 279-285
Published: September 30, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA new device has been developed to convey particles through a duct with air or gas.
The pneumatic apparatus has an air box under a porous plate on which many inclined parallel plates are attached to orientate and convey particles from one cell to the next cell with air or gas. Thus, particles can be transported upwards as well as downwards. The average residence time or the apparent passing velocity of particles, the pressure drop of air or gas, and the power required to convey solids are investigated by applying the method of dimensional analysis. A minimum transport velocity of air is also evaluated, assuming a minimum voidage of particles mass within cells.
As a result, they are expressed as functions of geometrical dimensions of the device, physical properties of particles, and of operational conditions such as the feed rate of particles, the inclination angle of the device and flow rate of air or gas. Experimental results verify the derived equations.View full abstractDownload PDF (1267K) -
SHINICHI YUU, TAKAO YUKAWA, KOICHI IINOYA1972 Volume 5 Issue 3 Pages 285-291
Published: September 30, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effect of gravitation on the partial separation efficiency of a cascade impactor has been neglected in the past. However, most industrial dusts contain relatively large particles for which the gravitational force should be taken into account. In this work, a gravitational term is introduced into the equation of particle motion, the resultant theoretical separation efficiency being in good agreement with the experimental results. Consequently, the model appears to represent adequately the separation mechanism of a cascade impactor affected by particle gravity. A method of particle size analysis using a cascade impactor with the gravitational effect is proposed.View full abstractDownload PDF (1214K) -
INSIDE FILTRATIONNAOYA YOSHIOKA, KOZABURO UEDA, KUNIHIKO MIYOSHI1972 Volume 5 Issue 3 Pages 291-296
Published: September 30, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper deals with the distribution of liquid pressure and the porosity within filter cakes formed inside of curved leaves - mainly spherical ones.
The particle structure of the cake for outside filtration under constant applied pressure is held overall in the compressive equilibrium state, but the compressive pressure at some small element of the cake for inside filtration is released. From this conception, the cake was divided into three parts- the incompressible part, the compressible and equilibrium part, and the compressible but released part-, and the liquid pressure and porosity were analyzed. The results of the numerical calculation were compared with the experimental data and the influence of leaf resistance on the soil compressive pressure are discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (1020K) -
YASUHIRO MURAKAMI, KATSUMASA FUJIMOTO, TAKAFUMI SHIMADA, AKIO YAMADA, ...1972 Volume 5 Issue 3 Pages 297-303
Published: September 30, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThere exists no universally accepted technique for evaluating the functional status of equipment for high-viscosity mixing based upon generalized basic information such as flow patterns and shearing deformation characteristics. This paper deals with the measurement of flow patterns. After obtaining the overall flow patterns in a mixing vessel, circulation capacity and fluid deformations which cover information about energy dissipation were correlated with the homogenizing time. The physical meanings of C1=nTM and C2=TM √Pυgc/μ are interpreted by using a concept of striation thickness.
A measure of an averaged dimensionless shear rate number √Pυgc/μ/n is plotted against the dimensionless nearest distance between moving part and fixed wall in the mixing vessel. This diagram could give an useful comparison as to averaged shear rate characteristics for any device for high-viscosity mixing regardless of geometrical configuration. A novel technique is also proposed for quick evaluation of the shear distribution in a given apparatus.View full abstractDownload PDF (1476K) -
TERUKATSU MIYAUCHI1972 Volume 5 Issue 3 Pages 303-305
Published: September 30, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe limiting (or lowest) Sherwood number for dilute sphere-packed beds is determined from the mass transfer data taken at zero flow rate by the diffusion current method utilizing potassium ferro- and ferri-cyanides system. These mass transfer data are enhanced by the influence of natural convection. The experimental Sherwood numbers at zero flow rate are plotted against (particle size)3/4, and the limiting Sherwood number Shpo is determined from linear extrapolation of the plot to zero particle size. Shpo thus obtained agrees fairly well with the theoretical value of 2.0 (εf/1.5), where εf is the void fraction of the beds.View full abstractDownload PDF (565K) -
KORETSUNE UEYAMA, JUN-ICHI HATANAKA1972 Volume 5 Issue 3 Pages 305-307
Published: September 30, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn liquid-liquid systems, the similarity condition of the concentration boundary-layer equation of solute is obtained, assuming the tangential velocity to be linear, and the Sherwood number is expressed in an integral form. From results of its numerical integration, approximate expressions of the integral are suggested.View full abstractDownload PDF (418K) -
MASAJI HAYASHI, TATSUO TANAKA1972 Volume 5 Issue 3 Pages 308-310
Published: September 30, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe basic integro-differential equation describing comminution process is analytically solved by the use of a certain form of selection function and breakage function. The result agrees well with previous experience. The rate constant of the selection function is considered in relation to the stress field produced within a powder bed and to the strength of material crushed. A resulting equation expressing the selection function as a function of particle size, magnitude of force applied and some operational variables as well as material properties is compared with reference data.View full abstractDownload PDF (541K) -
TATSUO TANAKA1972 Volume 5 Issue 3 Pages 310-313
Published: September 30, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCharles'' experimental finding between the exponents of particle size in the conventional energy-size relationship and the size distribution form is dealt with on the basis of comminution kinetics. Within a reasonable range of particle size and grinding time Char- les'' finding was roughly proved, suggesting a validity in assuming the forms of selection and breakage functions.
A new expression of comminution law in terms of the power consumption, rate constant and particle size as time-variant indicates that "work index" or "grindability" cannot be consistent for a specific material. This equation was further rearranged to be a practical scaleup formula for any kind of grinding equipment as
F/KW=x0(t)m
where F is the feed, W the holdup of material crushed, K the rate constant in the selection function and x0(t) the particle size as a function of time, m being a material constant. This is convenient for practical design purposes.View full abstractDownload PDF (773K) -
KEI MIYANAMI, SHIGEMI CHSAKA, TAKEO YANO1972 Volume 5 Issue 3 Pages 313-315
Published: September 30, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA new method of tracer introduction without disturbing flow patterns in a continuous flow system is proposed. The method utilizes electrolysis of a sodium bromide solution (pH≤2) containing methyl orange. Bromine generated is used as a tracer and its concentration is followed colorimetrically by measuring the concentration of methyl orange. The responses of a stirred tank and a packed bed to a stepwise change in electrolytic current are observed to test the use of the proposed method.View full abstractDownload PDF (512K)
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