Phase diagrams of aqueous saline systems constitute the cornerstone of the brine purification industry. Although ternary phase diagrams may be studied using many experimental methods, the developed isothermal titration microcalorimetry (ITC) approach is simple, generic, and can be extended to the investigation of phase diagrams of multi-salt aqueous solutions and other related systems. In this study, the phase equilibrium of one complex ternary system, Na₂CO₃+Na₂SO₄+H₂O, with several hydrated salts and a double salt, was determined using ITC with the aid of X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetry. The isobaric and isothermal titration methods can not only determine the boundaries of different phase regions by changes in the slope of the heat evolved vs. time plot or in the slope of the observed heat vs. solvent concentration plot, but also provide additional information regarding the hydration heat of ions and hydrates, dissolution heat, and dilution heat. The use of ITC can be extended to complex systems after optimization of data processing.

When acoustic emission detection technology is applied to detect the agglomeration in fluidized bed reactors (FBRs), the collected acoustic emission samples are usually non-stationarity and unbalanced, making it difficult to extract stable and separable classification features. In this study, the voiceprint features of collected acoustic emission signals were extracted with the Mel Frequency Cepstrum Coefficients (MFCC) and Linear Prediction Cepstrum Coefficients (LPCC). Extracted voiceprint features of LPCC and MFCC were fused with RelieF algorithm to form the stable R-LPMFCC feature, which were then compressed with principal components analysis (PCA) as input data for classification. The cost factor and GINI index-based decision-making calculation were introduced to the Adaboost algorithm to significantly improve its accuracy and F-score when classifying unbalanced samples. The comparative experimental results in a fluidized-bed pilot plant verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method.