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Volume 6, Issue 4
Displaying 1-18 of 18 articles from this issue
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C. G. LI, T. R. POOLE1973 Volume 6 Issue 4 Pages 293-297
Published: October 31, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBy using Gray''s relaxation theory of transport processes for monatomic liquids35 and the two-parameter (ε*, γ*) corresponding states approximation, correlations for thermal conductivity and shear viscosity of halocarbon liquids and their mixtures have been developed. In order to make the relaxation concept useful, the relaxation time was assumed to be a simple function of the thermal speed, u = (3 kT/m)1/2, and the distance variable γ.
Since the theory of intermolecular potential has not yet been established for halocarbons, the directly measurable properties of liquid volume, VB, and temperature, the normal boiling point, TB, were sleeted as the set of reducing constants.
In spite of these simplifications, the average deviation of the correlated thermal conductivity of eleven halocarbons and two mixtures is within ±3% ; ''and the shear viscosity of five pure halocarbons and three mixtures is within ±5%.View full abstractDownload PDF (653K) -
ISAMU NAGATA, TOSHIRO YAMADA, MASATAKA NAGASHIMA1973 Volume 6 Issue 4 Pages 298-302
Published: October 31, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe Wilson equation is used to interrelate three different excess thermodynamic properties (the excess Gibbs free energy, the excess enthalpy of mixing, and the excess heat capacity) for four binary hydrocarbon systems : n-heptane-toluene, methylcyclohexane-toluene, cyclohexane-n-heptane and n-heptane-methylcyclohexane. It is assumed that the Wilson parameters are temperature-dependent. Calculated results are compared with experimental data by two methods : (I) the parameters vary linearly with temperature. (II) the parameters are given by a quadratic function of temperature. The methods (I) and (II) give a good simultaneous representation of the excess Gibbs free energy and the heat of mixing data for all the systems. The method (I) does not predict well the excess heat capacity data for the three other systems, except for the n-heptane-methylcyclohexane, but the method (II) does so with good accuracy.View full abstractDownload PDF (728K) -
TOMOSHIGE NITTA, JUNICHIRO ITAMI, TAKASHI KATAYAMA1973 Volume 6 Issue 4 Pages 303-309
Published: October 31, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSVapor pressure measurements of the two binary systems sulfur dioxide-ethanol and sulfur dioxide-diethyl ether at 20°C were made over the entire range of composition. For the latter system negative deviations from Raoult''s law were observed, while for the former system there were small positive deviations in the experimental region. Measurements of UV-spectrum of these systems in n-heptane were also made at 10 and 25°C, from which the constants for complex formation were calculated. For the sulfur dioxide-diethyl ether system the 1 :1 complex formation model represents well both thermodynamic and UV-spectral data. For the sulfur dioxide-ethanol system two types of continuous linear association model, AiBj and AiBj, have been applied to analyze the data. The results show that the AiBj model represents the activity coefficients better than the AiBj model, while the AiBj model is better for the UV-spectral data.View full abstractDownload PDF (1138K) -
ROBERT J. HANSEN, RALPH C. LITTLE, PETER G. FORAME1973 Volume 6 Issue 4 Pages 310-314
Published: October 31, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSExperimental and theoretical studies of early turbulence in pipe flows of drag-reducing polymer solutions are described in this work. The experiments show that a critical onset wall shear stress, which increases with solvent viscosity, is associated with the phenomenon. The relationship of the onset condition to polymer concentration is a strong function of viscosity over the range of variables considered. Atheoretical, hydrodynamic stability analysis of the laminar pipe flow of a convected Maxwell fluid is presented. The results suggest that early turbulence is a hydrodynamic instability phenomenon.View full abstractDownload PDF (943K) -
YUJI SATO, TSUTOMU HIROSE, FUTOSHI TAKAHASHI, MIKIO TODA, YOSHIYUKI HA ...1973 Volume 6 Issue 4 Pages 315-319
Published: October 31, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAir-water flow was investigated in 65.8 and 122 mm columns packed with glass spheres of 5 different sizes (2.59-16.5 mm) up to air and water flow rates of G=2×104 and L=106 kg/m2 hr, respectively. Flow pattern is classified into 4 regimes and a diagram of flow-pattern boundary is prepared, including a new region of "dispersed bubble flow" observed for G<5×103 and L>105 kg/m2hr. Gas continuous flow always appears for L<104 kg/m2hr. For L = 104-105 kg/m2hr, pulse flow occurs only at intermediate air rate. Transitional region between gas continuous and pulse flow is very narrow.
Pressure oscillation detected at the wall is monotonous in gas continuous and dispersed bubble flow while five distinct modes of pressure pulsation are recognized in pulse flow region. The pressure rises sharply the moment the pulse front (leading edge of liquid-rich part of a pulse unit) passes the measuring point. This simultaneity was used to measure the pulse frequency and pulse velocity. Pulse velocity is much higher than the actual liquid velocity but lower than the actual gas velocity. Longitudinal acceleration of pulse velocity is also noted.View full abstractDownload PDF (1027K) -
TAKESHI KATAOKA, TADAAKI NISHIKI, KORETSUNE UEYAMA1973 Volume 6 Issue 4 Pages 320-324
Published: October 31, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo clarify mass transfer mechanism in ion exchange by liquid anion exchanger, theoretical equations for rate of ion exchange were derived by applying the Nernst-Planck model for diffusion of an ion in aqueous phase. Furthermore, rates of ion exchange in a few exchange systems of simple anions were measured with a liquid-liquid jet apparatus with two immiscible falling liquids.
From these results, it was found that the rate of ion exchange by liquid anion exchanger was not affected by non-counter ion, and could be expressed quantitatively with theoretical equations considering the electric field when diffusivities of counter ions are not equal.View full abstractDownload PDF (758K) -
KEN TOYOKURA, HARUO TANAKA, JUNIGHI TANAHASHI1973 Volume 6 Issue 4 Pages 325-331
Published: October 31, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe concentration of particular size throughout the bed was experimentally studied on a fluidized bed of glass beads with an acrylic column of 50 mm diameter and 1000 mm height, and analyzed by the application of the axial diffusion model for particles of two sizes.
From the experimental results, it was found that the axial distribution of void fraction might become that calculated by the assumption of perfect classification for the range of present conditions. The estimation method of size distribution of crystals from a classified-bed crystallizer is proposed on the axial diffusion model, using the relation between crystal size and bed height under the assumption of perfect classification in the author''s previous report. It is shown that the size distribution of sodium chlorate crystals from a test plant and sodium sulfate from pilot and industrial plants of this type agree with the calculated results from the model.View full abstractDownload PDF (1008K) -
TOYOHIKO HAYAKAWA, MASAKUNI MATSUOKA, KIYOSHI SATAKE1973 Volume 6 Issue 4 Pages 332-337
Published: October 31, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn an attempt to understand the phenomena of solidification in zone refining, a simple eutectic-forming organic system (naphthalene-benzoic acid) has been subjected to normal freezing. Experimental results have been analyzed in two ways, by the rates of solidification and impurity profiles in the solid. It has been shown that the lowering rate (equal to the rate of solidification at steady state)must be selected so as to maintain a balance between the heat transfer rate in a liquid and that in a solid. An inclusion factor, defined as a volume fraction of the included liquid at an interface, has been introduced to explain the presence of impurity in the solid. Values of the inclusion factor have been obtained from the impurity concentration profiles in the solid and plotted against the lowering rates and the stirring rates of the liquid. The results showed that a good separation was achieved under the conditions of sufficiently small lowering rates and sufficient stirring of the liquid.View full abstractDownload PDF (1007K) -
NORIAKI WAKAO, KENJI TANAKA1973 Volume 6 Issue 4 Pages 338-342
Published: October 31, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAnalytical solution was obtained for response to delta tracer signal which is injected into a packed bed of non-adsorbing porous particles. Moment method and Fourier analysis were compared in estimating parameters from delta response with truncation error in tail.View full abstractDownload PDF (593K) -
SHINZO OMI, IKURO KUWABARA, HIROSHI KUBOTA1973 Volume 6 Issue 4 Pages 343-348
Published: October 31, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEmulsion polymerization of styrene with soap concentration chosen in the vicinity of critical micelle concentration (CMC) has been investigated. The rate of polymerization and the number of polymer particles correlated with initial monomer, soap and initiator concentrations, are explained qualitatively. An analysis of the gel effect observed at later stage of the reaction has been also carried out. The accumulation of polymeric radicals in polymer particles is considered to be due to the decrease in the termination rate constant kt as monomer conversion increases. An empirical equation for kt as a. function of viscosity in polymer particles is derived.View full abstractDownload PDF (890K) -
HITOSHI EMI, KIKUO OKUYAMA, NAOYA YOSHIOKA1973 Volume 6 Issue 4 Pages 349-354
Published: October 31, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the filtration of aerosols by a high-porosity fiber mat, the deposition of particles smaller than a few microns in diameter on a fiber depends on the combined effect of inertial impaction, Brownian diffusion, gravitational settling and direct interception, in the case where neither particles nor filters are electrically charged. This paper, after summarizing the results of our research on the collection efficiency of an isolated fiber due to the above four mechanisms, presents the dependences of the efficiency on the linear gas velocity and diameters of particle and fiber. In addition, a convenient method is proposed to predict the practical collection efficiency under arbitrary operating conditions. Prediction charts obtained in this manner can be made for the design of fibrous filters with porosity of more than 0.98.View full abstractDownload PDF (1133K) -
TETSUO MORISUE, KATSUJI NODA, KIYOHARU ISHIDA1973 Volume 6 Issue 4 Pages 355-357
Published: October 31, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
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TAKASHI KATAYAMA, MASAHIRO KATO, MINORU YASUDA1973 Volume 6 Issue 4 Pages 357-359
Published: October 31, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (501K) -
DIFFERENTIAL VALUES AT CONCENTRATED END POINTS OF COMPOSITIONTAKASHI KATAYAMA, MASAHIRO KATO1973 Volume 6 Issue 4 Pages 360-363
Published: October 31, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (607K) -
N. DOMBROWSKI, T. L. LLOYD1973 Volume 6 Issue 4 Pages 363-365
Published: October 31, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
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IKUHO YAMADA, CHARLES D. HOLLAND, SETSURO HIRAOKA, MASATOSHI SAWADA1973 Volume 6 Issue 4 Pages 366-368
Published: October 31, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (464K) -
YOSHITAKA KUWAHARA, KOU UEDA1973 Volume 6 Issue 4 Pages 368-370
Published: October 31, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
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HIROSHI KUBOTA, HONG LIM LEE1973 Volume 6 Issue 4 Pages 370-372
Published: October 31, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (481K)
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