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Volume 9 (1976)
- Issue 6 Pages 431-
- Issue 5 Pages 345-
- Issue 4 Pages 259-
- Issue 3 Pages 171-
- Issue 2 Pages 85-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 9, Issue 3
Displaying 1-19 of 19 articles from this issue
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RUITEN OUYANG1976 Volume 9 Issue 3 Pages 171-178
Published: June 30, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: March 29, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA method of estimating molal volume of organic liquids at any temperature by means of the addition of "contact volume" is suggested. Different from previous methods in which critical density and pressure data are indispensable basic information, the present method needs orthobaric melting point and critical temperature. Many organic liquids have been proved to have the same fixed values with respect to "contact volume", provided that the energy level parameter, θ, of the liquid defined by θ=(t-to)/(to-to) is the same. Where to=critical temperature, to=melting point, t=the temperature of the liquid.
"contact volume" is the local free volumes denoted by a2, ab, b2, be, ac, ... etc., where a, b, c, ... etc. represent the atomic groups CH3-, CH2=, -CH-, ... etc. Thus, the molal free volume of n-heptane, for instance, is shown to be
vf=Vt-Vo=ΣΔvf=(2a+5b)2=4a2+20ab+25b2
where Vt and Voare the molal volume at t and to respectively.
For some fifty organic liquids consisting of paraffins, aromatics and alcohols, vfin θ=0.05-0.60 have been analyzed.
The result shows good agreement with experimental data in the literature and endorses the new liquid corresponding state concept.View full abstractDownload PDF (1235K) -
RUITEN OUYANG1976 Volume 9 Issue 3 Pages 179-181
Published: June 30, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: March 29, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSExcess volumes of equimolal hydrocarbon liquid mixtures are estimated successfully with the aid of c.p., in.p., molal volume data of the components and contact volume chart. No equilibrium data is needed and the physical meaning of the difference between pure liquids and the mixture comes first to light.View full abstractDownload PDF (467K) -
KENICHI UNO, YASUHIKO ARAI, SHOZABURO SAITO1976 Volume 9 Issue 3 Pages 182-185
Published: June 30, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: March 29, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe perturbation theory of Barker-Henderson was applied to the calculation of vapor-liquid equilibria of normal fluids. The previously determined Kihara potential parameters, used to evaluate the pair potential, were readjusted by the thermodynamic equilibrium condition in order to represent well the vapor-liquid coexisting regions. The potential parameters obtained were correlated by quadratic functions of acentric factor.
By introducing the correction factor k12, the perturbation theory was found to be useful for correlating vapor-liquid equilibria of normal fluid mixtures except in the critical region of the mixture and near the critical temperature of the solvent.View full abstractDownload PDF (554K) -
TATSUO KANKI, SATORU IUCHI, YASUMASA KOSUGI1976 Volume 9 Issue 3 Pages 186-192
Published: June 30, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: March 29, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThermal creep flow of a rarefied gas in a circular tube, the flow resulting from a thermal gradient, was analyzed on the basis of the kinetic theory of gases. The thermo-molecular pressure ratio due to the thermal transpiration effect was measured by use of the relative method, and the conductance of the creep flow was obtained from thermo-molecular pressure ratio data. As a result, a semi-empirical formula expressing the volume flow rate of the thermal creep flow and one expressing the thermal transpiration effect were derived. They are in fairly good agreement with the experimental data over the whole range of inverse Knudsen number.
A short discussion of the influence of thermal creep flow upon rarefied gas tube flow is also given.View full abstractDownload PDF (1151K) -
TAKAITSU IWATA, YUICHI SATO, MITSUHIRO NAKAMURA, HIDEO UEMURA, IKUHO Y ...1976 Volume 9 Issue 3 Pages 193-197
Published: June 30, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: March 29, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDistillation calculation by the nonlinear optimization technique is proposed. This method has the following objective function:
φ(t) = Σwj(Xj-1)2)2→min.
where t denotes the temperature vector, wj the weight factor and Xj=Σxj(i), and xj(i) is obtained by solving the tridiagonal matrix by making the component material balance for a given t. The temperature vector is corrected by the conjugated gradient method suggested by Fletcher and Reeves.
From three numerical examples related to the separation of nC5 and nC6 fraction from nC5-nC9 mixture at atmospheric pressure, that of C2 fraction from C2-C3 mixture at high pressure and extractive distillation, it has been confirmed that the proposed method provides a stable solution as compared with the matrix methods by Amundson et al. and Saito et al., it retains the simplicity of the matrix method, and the storage required for the main array in this method is obviously less than that for the original gradient method by Naphtali et al.View full abstractDownload PDF (729K) -
CARBON DIOXIDE-NITROGEN-SODIUM HYDROXIDE SYSTEMYOSHISHIGE HAYASHI, EIJI HIRAI, NOBUAKI SHIMIZU1976 Volume 9 Issue 3 Pages 198-202
Published: June 30, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: March 29, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn experimental investigation of crossflow gas absorption with irreversible second-order chemical reaction has been performed by using a wetted wall crossflow gas-liquid contactor. The system used is carbon dioxide-nitrogen-sodium hydroxide aqueous solutions.
As a result, in regard to the reaction factor for the gas mixture, close agreement between observed and calculated values was seen and it was found experimentally that the two-dimensional treatment, as is shown in a previous paper3), for the concentration profiles at gas-liquid interface is appropriate for the analysis of crossflow chemical absorption of gas mixture.View full abstractDownload PDF (869K) -
MOTOYUKI SUZUKI, TOSHINAGA KAWAI, KUNITARO KAWAZOE1976 Volume 9 Issue 3 Pages 203-208
Published: June 30, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: March 29, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAdsorption of poly(oxyethylene) of nine different molecular weights ranging from 194 to 2.49×106 from aqueous solution of 100 mg/l on activated carbons was tried in a batch finite bath. Activated carbon of coconut shell base, which has micropores of 8 Å radius, and of lignite base activated carbon showed a reasonable capacity of adsorption of even poly(oxyethylene) of molecular weight bigger than 104 which has Flory''s dimension of 84 Å radius. This suggests that shrinkage of a polymer molecule occurs when it is adsorbed on the carbon surface. As for the rate of adsorption, surface diffusion possibly caused by migration of monomer units is considered dominant, and the effective surface diffusion coefficient was determined for each system by applying the concentration diagrams previously presented by the authors. The effective surface diffusion coefficient on each carbon decreased in proportion to the square root of molecular weight of the polymer.View full abstractDownload PDF (1059K) -
TADASHI HANO, FUMIYUKI NAKASHIO, KOICHIRO KUSUNOKI1976 Volume 9 Issue 3 Pages 209-213
Published: June 30, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: March 29, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRegeneration of coked zeolite catalyst is carried out in a non-adiabatic fixed bed reactor and the experimental results are simulated with a one-dimensional model. Reactor behavior which shows a relatively small temperature rise can be simulated well. With greater temperature rise, the agreement between experimental and calculated results becomes unsatisfactory. The comparison of simulation is discussed in terms of stability criterion. A measure of stable conditions in catalyst regeneration is derived from Inoue''s criterion for the formation of hot spot. It is shown that the one-dimensional model is usable to simulate reactor behavior in catalyst regeneration if the experimental conditions satisfy Inoue''s criterion.View full abstractDownload PDF (859K) -
MASABUMI NISHIKAWA, YOSHIKAZU YONEZAWA, TAKASHI KAYAMA, KATSUHISA KOYA ...1976 Volume 9 Issue 3 Pages 214-219
Published: June 30, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: March 29, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn a gas-liquid spouted vessel, where power is supplied from a pump to water and gas is introduced at a nozzle attached at the bottom of the vessel, gas bubbles are finely broken at the nozzle and dispersed to the vessel. Gas hold-up in the gas-liquid spouted vessel rapidly increases with increasing liquid flow rate and easily exceeds twice the gas hold-up in the aerated tower of the same gas flow rate with no liquid flow, though co-current liquid flow gives zero or negative effect on gas hold-up in the aerated tower. Effect of liquid flow rate, gas flow rate, nozzle to vessel diameter ratio and nozzle length one ffective spouting of gas bubbles were studied experimentally. Ways are also considered to scale up the gas-liquid spouted vessel.View full abstractDownload PDF (1072K) -
TSUTOMU HIROSE, YASUNORI MORI, YUJI SATO1976 Volume 9 Issue 3 Pages 220-225
Published: June 30, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: March 29, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMass transfer coefficient kls was measured over a range of flow rates of gas Ug= 0-100 cm.s-1 and liquid Ul=0.05-25 cm.s-1 in a column packed with spheres of three different diameters d=2.8-12.7 mm. The systems used were the dissolution of benzoic acid in water and diffusionlimited oxidation of brass with dichromate ion in sulfuric acid solution. The effect of Ug on kls is not found at all in gas continuous flow, is the greatest in pulse flow and becomes less significant again in dispersed bubble flow. The value of kls increases rapidly around the transition from gas continuous to pulse flow. The enhancement factor β (=kls in two-phase flow/kls in single-phase flow) increases from 1.2 to 2 with increasing d in gas continuous flow while it equals the reciprocal of liquid holdup in pulse and dispersed bubble flows. A liquid-film analogy in gas continuous flow and a single-phase analogy in pulse and dispersed bubble flows are proposed and the experimental results are examined in the light of them.View full abstractDownload PDF (1083K) -
KUNIO KATO, HITOSHI KATO, YOSHIRO EBINUMA, UTARO ITO1976 Volume 9 Issue 3 Pages 226-230
Published: June 30, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: March 29, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSNonuniform size particles were fed to the middle part of a tower in which wire net screens were placed at a suitable distance and these particles were classified into two parts by air flowing upward in the tower. This apparatus is defined as a multi-screen particle classifier. The tower used in this experiment was 8.0 cm I.D., the sizes of wire net screen were 6, 10, 16 and 24 mesh respectively and the distances between the screens were 5 cm, 10 cm and 15 cm respectively. Glass beads from 48-mesh to 400-mesh size were classified with this classifier under different operating conditions. The characteristics of particle classification of this apparatus were quite excellent and are expressed by partial separation efficiency. The partial separation efficiency is roughly estimated from the apparent terminal velocity of particles and superficial gas velocity in the apparatus.View full abstractDownload PDF (840K) -
MITSUYASU HIRANUMA1976 Volume 9 Issue 3 Pages 231-233
Published: June 30, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: March 29, 2006
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TADASHI SHIROTSUKA, YOSHINORI KAWASE1976 Volume 9 Issue 3 Pages 234-236
Published: June 30, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: March 29, 2006
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ISAAC H. LEHRER1976 Volume 9 Issue 3 Pages 237-240
Published: June 30, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: March 29, 2006
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SEIICHIRO KAGUEI, NORIAKI WAKAO1976 Volume 9 Issue 3 Pages 241-242
Published: June 30, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: March 29, 2006
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TAKAO KOKUGAN, MASARU SHIMIZU1976 Volume 9 Issue 3 Pages 243-245
Published: June 30, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: March 29, 2006
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KAZUO TAKEUCHI, YUZO URAGUCHI1976 Volume 9 Issue 3 Pages 246-248
Published: June 30, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: March 29, 2006
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EFFECT OF CONTRACTING THE BED COLUMNS AT THE GAS EXITMASARU ISHIDA, TAKASHI SHIRAI1976 Volume 9 Issue 3 Pages 249-250
Published: June 30, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: March 29, 2006
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Em NAKANISHI, HIROAKI YASUOKA1976 Volume 9 Issue 3 Pages 251-253
Published: June 30, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: March 29, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (463K)
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