Renin secretion was investigated in the perfused dog kidney with an artificial heart-lung apparatus. Renin secretion from the perfused kidney was markedly increased following a quick reduction of sodium concentration in the perfusion plasma by 4 to 11 mEq/L. A reduction of sodium concentration in the perfusion plasma increases renin secretion through a decrease of GFR. Renin secretion rate was apparently related to GFR inversely (r=-0.728, P<0.01), and less related to sodium excretion (r=0.331, 0.05<P<0.1).

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There are no detailed reports on the ion distribution in the heart muscle cells. This paper describes the histochemical method for the detection of sodium ion, the relation of autoradiography to its method, the influence of potassium ion to the sodium ion detection, and the sodium ion distribution in the heart ventricle muscle cells.

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The effects of isopropylamino radical and tetrahydro-isoquinoline derivatives on the cardiovascular system were investigated. It was proved that agents with isopropylamino radical, and no dihydro or hydroxyphenyl radical caused a mild action of increasing of heart rate and fall of blood pressure. On the other hand, an agent of tetrahydroisoquinoline derivatives with dihydro radical had actions similar to those of isoproterenol. But those actions had a close relation to the structure combined with tetrahydroisoquinoline. Therefore, the actions of increasing heart and falling blood pressure was not fundamentally replated to dihydroxyphenyl or hydroxyphenyl radical.

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Quantitative analysis was made to clarify the ventorcardiographic findings characteristic of mild to moderate right ventricular systolic and diastolic overloadings. Materials and Methods Twenty-two cases of ostium secundum type of atrial septal defect (ASD) proved by cardiac catheterization and/or surgery and clinically typical pure mitral stenosis (MS) were subjected to the present study. The three planar projections of VCG were photographed on 60×60 mm X ray films simultaneously by three channel vectorcardiograph using the Frank system. Three scalar ECG of the Frank system were recorded simultaneously by the paper speed of 100 mm per second using three elements direct-writing electrocardiograph. Parameters of morphological observations and quantitative analysis used in this study are as follows: 1. Directions of inscription of QRS and T loops. 2. Directions of initial and terminal QRS vectors. 3. Length, width and length/width ratio of QRS loop. 4. Maximum QRS vector time, QRS duration and incidence of terminal delay. 5. Magnitudes and directions of maximum QRS and T vectors. 6. QRS-T angle and QRS/T ratio. 7. Magnitudes and directions of instantaneous QRS vectors. 8. Spatial mean linear, angular and areal velocities of QRS loop. 9. Spatial circumference, angle, area and thickness of QRS loop. These were statistically compared with those of normal young men. Results and Discussions 1. Directions of inscription of QRS and T loops. Incidence of clockwise inscription of horizontal QRS loop was higher in ASD than in MS. Bizarre configuration of QRS loop in left sagittal plane was frequently observed in ASD, and was considered as one of the characteristic findings in diastolic overloading of the right ventricle. Direction of inscription of T loop changed earlier than that of QRS loop.

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Among the causes of death by diabetes mellitus in recent years, vascular disturbrance has been increased and especially, diabetic nephropathy has drawn our attention. Studies on this diabetic nephropathy have been done on various aspects. However, most of them were based on the examinations at resting state. Therefore, the author examined the reactivity of renal circulation and electrolyte metabolism against stress produced by inhalation of low oxygen gas on patients with diabetes mellitus. Method and Meterials Method The standard renal clearance methods were employed simultaneously while 10 per cent O₂ inhalation was carried out. Before and after the low oxygen gas inhalation, determinations of renal circulation and electrolyte metabolism. Materials 41 patients with diabetes mellitus, age from 18 to 78, 24 men and 17 women. The subjects were classified as follow: (i) Existence of urine protein. (ii) Existence of urine sugar. (iii) Blood sugar: (a) under 139 mg/dl, (b) over 140 mg/dl: (vi). Blood pressure: (a) Normal type, systolic pressure under 149 mmHg and diastolic pressure under 89 mmHg, (b) Old age type, systolic pressure under 149 mmHg and diastolic pressure over 90 mmHg systolic pressure, over 150 mmHg and diastolic pressure under 89 mmHg, (c) Essential type, systolic pressure over l 50 mmHg and diastolic pressure over 90 mmHg; (v) Eye ground: (a) normal group, under KW I, (b) Abnormal group, over KW II; (vi) Duration (a) under 5 years, (b) over 5 years; (vii) Age: (a) under 39 years old, (b) 40 to 59 years old, (c) over 60 years old; (viii) Renal blood flow in the resting state: (a) over 760 cc/min, (b) 759 cc/min-480 cc/min, (c) under 479 cc/min. Result and Comments A. In room air inhalation. (1) Renal circulation. RBF of patients with diabetes mellitus, as compared with normal adults, has shown slightly low in general. In the study of this decrease of renal circulation by classification of clinical symptoms, it was proved with the abnormal eye ground group and the group of patients with diabetes mellitus over 5 years.

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Various methods^1-4 using trihydroxyindol reaction for the measurement of catecholamines in human plasma have been designed by workers hitherto. However, in these methods^{1, 3, 4}, isolation of the catecholamines with an adsorbent presents considerable difficulties. Thus, in spite of the availability of these methods^{1, 3, 4} reproduction by other laboratories are difficult. The main objective of the present work was to improve the method for simultaneous determination of epinephrine (Ep.) and norepinephrine (NE.) in human plasma. A preliminary experiment was set up in order to run a comparison against these methods with respect to the recovery, accuracy and rapidity. Of these methods PRICE's method³ showed satisfactory recovery and rapidity. Thus several improvements of PRICE's methods³ were made: 1) Purification of acid-washed aluminum oxide (Merck acid washed #71695) was made. 2) A large amount of EDTA disodium was used in several steps. 3) The timing procedure becomes essential due to the fact that fluorophor of both Ep. and to a smaller degree NE. decays at a considerable rate. Thus, a means with sufficiently high accuracy and rapidity was obtained. Material and Method A preparation of acid-washed aluminum oxide (for chromatographic use). a) 300-500 g of alumina (Merck-71695 acid washed) was boiled using a reflux condenser with frequent shaking in 1 L 2N HCl for 1 hour. The slurry was allowed to cool to room temperature. This was transferred to a 1 L chromato-graphic tube with a fritter disc (pyrex #38450). and was cycled with deionized water until the pH of the supernatant rose to 5.0 after which a stirring of the column was followed by cleaning of the supernatant for 2 minutes. This rapid cleaning indicates that most of the fine grain alumina is removed. Next collect the alumina in a suction funnel with filter paper, allow to dry overnight on large sheet of filter paper (Whatman No.3) at room temperature. Then heat in an oven at 200°C for two hours, place in desiccator. b) All solutions of mineral acids, bases, and buffers were prepared from reagent grade chemicals with water previously distilled and passed through a commercial deionizer. Water purified in this manner is used throughout the procedure.

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