JAPANESE CIRCULATION JOURNAL
Online ISSN : 1347-4839
Print ISSN : 0047-1828
ISSN-L : 0047-1828
Volume 34, Issue 10
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
  • OSAMU KAWAMURA
    1970 Volume 34 Issue 10 Pages 867-875
    Published: December 20, 1970
    Released on J-STAGE: April 14, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    1. Acid mucopolysaccharase activity in lysosome of rat kidney was demonstrated using hyaluronic acid and chondroitin sulphate A as substrates. 2. The enzymes were released from lysosomal particles by treating with Triton X-100, as well as lysosomal β-glucuronidase. 3. The optimal pH for acid mucopolysaccharase of lysosome were pH 4.1 for chondroitin sulphate A and pH 5.0 for hyaluronic acid as substrate in acetate buffer, but in phosphate buffer pH 6.8 for chondroitin sulphate A and pH 6.l for hyaluronic acid.
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  • MASANORI SATO
    1970 Volume 34 Issue 10 Pages 877-892
    Published: December 20, 1970
    Released on J-STAGE: April 14, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The present experiment consisted of the perfusion of the dog's left adrenal gland with Locke's solution containing varying concentrations of calcium, magnesium and potassium in respect to clarify the role of electrolytes in secretion of catecholamine from adrenal gland stimulated by angiotensin II. Two gammas of synthetic angiotensin II was administered from the lumboadrenal artery and catecholamine in blood was measured on the lumboadrenal vein before and after the administration. As a result, it was found that there exists on optimum concentration of calcium for the action of angiotensin II, that magnesium inhibits against the catecholamine secretion, and that potassium, at a large dose, can stimulate to the adrenal medulla like angiotensin II.
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  • KAZUO UEDA, MICHIO HASHIMOTO, SHIBANOSUKE KATSUKI
    1970 Volume 34 Issue 10 Pages 893-916
    Published: December 20, 1970
    Released on J-STAGE: April 14, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The present study was undertaken to define the etiologic mechanism of CVD and coronary heart disease and to detect their relation. In a series of 328 autopsies (37 cases of cerebral hemorrhage, 60 of cerebral infarction, 51 of myocardial infarction and 180 of miscellaneous disease), macroscopic and microscopic studies of intracerebral arteries, cerebral basilar arteries and coronary arteries were carried out. Generally, intracerebral arterial lesions had no relation with atherosclerosis, but in the atherosclerotic lesions between brain and heart close correlation was noted in individual cases. From these results some consideration to the pathogenesis of vascular lesions in CVD and coronary heart disease was conducted.
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  • TADAYOSHI TAKEKOSHI
    1970 Volume 34 Issue 10 Pages 959-969
    Published: December 20, 1970
    Released on J-STAGE: April 14, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In recent years, the evidence that a high con- sumption of sugar is rather more closely related to mortality due to atherosclerotic heart disease than fat intake can be classified as experimental, epidemiological, and histological. On the other hand, in the course of the experimental studies on the effect of sucrose diets on rabbits without obesity and any other specific genetic factors almost all animals developed severe atherosclerotic lesions in heart, aorta, brain and kidney, which were not accompanied with lipid deposition. Little is known about the chemical changes in the blood and vascular factors which contribute to the development of these arterial lesions. For the purpose to clarify the etiology of sucrose-induced vascular lesions, this paper is concerned with the experimental and clinical studies on the absorption and metabolism of sugars. Materials and Methods Fasting male albino rats (Rochester strain of Wistar) weighing between 250-300g were used. Rats were lightly anesthetized with ether. After opening the abdomen, a piece of the middle part of the jejunum about 3cm in length was separated from the mesentery, gently washed with warm oxygenated Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate solution and everted. The everted intestine was closed at one end with silk thread and 0.4-0.6ml of Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate solution was put inside the sac. The wall was distended by filling the sac with fluid at a slight pressure. A small glass tube connected to Zn-ZnS04 electrode was inserted into the other end. The everted intestine was immersed in about 20ml of Krebs-Ringer fluid contained in a water-jacketed, gas-lift circulating chamber and an identical Zn-ZnS04 electrode was inserted in the outer solution. 1) Measurement of the potential difference The potential difference across the wall of the intestine was measured with Hitachi two pen recorder and the plus sign of the potential difference designates positivity of the serosal side relative to the mucosal side. The changes in the potential difference by adding various sugars (final concentration 20mM) to the mucosal perfusing solutions were investigated.
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  • OSAMU MIIZUTANI
    1970 Volume 34 Issue 10 Pages 971-980
    Published: December 20, 1970
    Released on J-STAGE: April 14, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The mechanism of deviations of the ST segment of electrocardiogram has been explained by the hypothesis advocated by WILSON. While, since the introduction of the intracellular microelectrode method, it has been also investigated in the light of the membrane potential, the precise mechanism has not been clarified yet. Moreover, the mechanism of T wave changes is thought very complicated and is poorly understood. The present study was designed to observe a change in the membrane potential as well as a change of the ST-T in the unipolar surface elec-trogram during myocardial ischemia which was experimentally induced in the in situ heart of a dog by constricting or occluding the stem of the anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery for a limited time of 15 to 40 minutes. Furthermore, a correlation between a change in the membrane potential and a change of the ST-T in the unipolar surface electrogram was studied, and some discussions will be presented on the mechanism of the ST-T changes of electrocardiogram during myocardial ischemia from the standpoint of the membrane potential. Method Sixty adult dogs weighing 10 to 15kg were used in this experiment. A flow probe for an electromagnetic flowmeter was implanted in the course of the stem of the anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery, which was, then constricted or occluded at the point just proxiaml to the probe. On the epicardial surface of the central portion of the area receiving blood supply from the anterior descending branch, a steel-made double-ring consisting of an outer ring with the diameter of 2cm and an inner ring of 1cm was anchored by one or two stitches placed between the outer ring and the subepicardial muscular layer. Thus the movement of the myocardium encircled with the inner ring was markedly diminished. The epicardial surface within the inner ring served as a recording place of the unipolar surface electrogram and the membrane potential. Blood flow in the anterior descending stem, the unipolar surface electrogram and the membrane potential were simultaneously recorded and measured at intervals of 1 minute.
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  • MICHIAKI KOHNO
    1970 Volume 34 Issue 10 Pages 981-989
    Published: December 20, 1970
    Released on J-STAGE: April 14, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The purpose of this paper is to reconstruct electro- cardiographic QRS complex of various kinds of size of anterior transmural, nontransmural, and subendocardial infarctions with the methods of computer simulation of the propagation process in excitation of the ventricles and of computed QRS complex reconstruction in which the concept of transfer impedance is utilized, in order to discuss (1) the changes of propagation process in excitation of ventricles by infarction, (2) whether abnormal Q wave is found in subendocardial infarction, (3) the genesis of abnormal Q wave and (4) the difference of QRS complex between anterior transmural and subendocardial infarction. Method By means of "computer simulation of the propagation process in excitation of the ventricles" and "computed reconstruction of electrocardiographic QRS pattern", the propagation process in excitation of the ventricles and electrocardiographic QRS patterns in infarction were obtained. It is assumed that the excitation was not propagated to all conductive system and cardiac proper muscles which suffered from infarction, and that heart electromotive force was not generated by excitation wave front. In this paper, left ventricular anterior wall was divided into subendocardial, intermediate and subepicardial layer for convenience' sake. Infarction located in subendocardial and intermediate layer was called nontransmural and infarction located in subendocardial layer was called subendocardial infarction. Three cases of Group A have in common to the location and spread of infarction on endocardial surface. Five of Groups B and C were simulated centering around left ventricular wall. Result and Discussion In A-1 (large anterior transmural infarction), large S wave in V2, 3 and QS pattern in V4 were found. In A-2 (large anterior nontransmural infarction) and A-3 (large anterior subendocardial infarction), late R in V2, 3, 4 and QR pattern in V4 were found. Duration of QRS complex widened. Extent of infarction on endocardial surface was common to the two cases of Group B. Volume of infarction in B-1 was four times as much as that in B-2. In B-1 (moderate-sized anterior transmural infarction), S waves in V2, 3 were larger than those without infarction and abnormal Q wave was found in V4. In B-2 (moderate-sized anterior endocardial infarction), late R was found in V2, 3 and Q wave in V4.
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  • HIROSHI YUTAKA
    1970 Volume 34 Issue 10 Pages 991-1000
    Published: December 20, 1970
    Released on J-STAGE: April 14, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Left atrial volume and its change during cardiac cycle were studied in 49 patients with various heart diseases and 8 normal individuals by simultaneous use of cineangiocardiography at 400 fps and film changer at 6 fps. Methods Calculation of left atrial volume was performed as described by Sauter et al. assuming that the left atrium might be represented by an ellipsoid, and it was corrected for nonparallel X-ray beams in each case. Results Left atrial volume was calculated by two different methods: 1) using both A-P and lateral projections and 2) using only A-P projection. When the left atrial volume was less than about 200ml, it could be calculated from the following formula; Y = 0.55X + 0.8 where Y is the true left atrial volume and X is the value calculated from A-P projection. When the left atrial volume was more than 300ml, the value calculated from A-P projection was much the same as the value calculated from both A-P and lateral projections. As the left atrial volume became large, the length of two axes became equal especially in the lateral projection. There was a statistically significant correlation between maximal left atrial volume and left atrial cyclic volume change, but in cases with atrial fibrillation there was no significant correlation between them. There was no significant correlation between the left atrial volume and the mean PC pressure. The large left atria could be found in mitral valvular diseases, but a gigantic one was usually seen in the mitral regurgitation. In general, the left atrial volume was larger in cases with atrial fibrillation than in cases with normal sinus rhythm. In mitral valvular diseases with auricular fibrillation contraction of the left atrium was insufficient. Left atrial cyclic volume change was close to left ventricular stroke volume in mitral regurgitation with atrial fibrillation but the former never exceeded the latter in all cases. On making observation of the left atrium by using high speed cineangiography, the length of both longer and shorter axes changed parallel to its volume during cardiac cycle in cases with normal sinus rhythm, but they changed quite irregularly in cases with atrial fibrillation. In cases with mitral regurgitation, it was observed that the expansion of the left atrium was due to regurgitant flow from the left ventricle is spite of the presence of the atrial ribrillation.
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  • YOSHITAKE HIRAMARU
    1970 Volume 34 Issue 10 Pages 1001-1006
    Published: December 20, 1970
    Released on J-STAGE: April 14, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Modern developments in medical electronics have made it possible to record easily and precisely the apexcardiogram (ACG). Moreover, it has been shown that the ACG is of great value in the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. Recently, investigations on the ACG have been reported by many workers. Many of them, however, are concerned only with the analyses of patterns of the ACG in normal and abnormal subjects, and there are few reports on the relation of the ACG to cardiac dynamics. The E point of the ACG is described to represent the opening of the aortic valve and the O point, the opening of the mitral valve. The time relation of these points to the 1st heart sound and the 2nd heart sound of the PCG and the Q wave of the ECG is available to determine several dynamic phases of cardiac cycle. On the other hand, the ratio of diastolic filling wave (DFW ratio) to total amplitude of the ACG has been reported to be closely related to the left ventricular end-diastolic pressure. The purpose of this report is to investigate cardiac dynamics, DFW ratio, RFW ratio, and their relations to the cardiac rate in normal subjects. Subiects and Methods Fifty subjects without cardiovascular disease were studied in the basal state. Thirty-nine were men and eleven were women. Their ages ranged from 19 to 45 years, with an average of 31 years. ACG was recorded in the manner described by Benchimol and Dimond, with subjects lying on his left side, raising the left arm, and in mid expiration, using the piezoelectric microphone as a transducer (Fukuda electronics KK, TY 302) and multiplex research recorder (Fukuda electronics KK. MRR-150), at a paper speed of 100 mm/sec. Phonocardiogram (PCG) (the 4th left intercostalspace parasternally) and electrocardiogram (ECG) (lead II) were simultaneously recorded. Measurements of each phase of cardiac cycle, DFR ratio and RFW ratio were made as follows: R-R interval (R-R): R-R interval of the ECG. Systole (Q-11, SYS): Interval from the beginning of the Q wave to the beginning of the aortic component of the 2nd heart sound. Q-E interval or tension time (Q-E, TT): Interval from the beginning of the Q wave to the E point of the ACG.
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  • YOSHITAKE HIRAMARU
    1970 Volume 34 Issue 10 Pages 1007-1015
    Published: December 20, 1970
    Released on J-STAGE: April 14, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Recently it has been shown that the apexcardiogram (ACG) is an useful procedure to evaluate the pathophysiological state of the heart in various diseases. In the previous paper the author reported the data of analyses of rapid filling wave and diastolic filling wave of the ACG and of cardiac dynamics by the ACG method in normal subjects. The present paper is concerned with the data of analyses of these factors in older subjects, hypertensives and patients with ischemic heart disease and with various valvular diseases. In addition, relationships between the O point of the ACG and the opening snap in mitral valvular diseases have been studied. Subjects and Methods Investigations were carried out on 151 individuals. Group of older subjects consisted of 39 individuals without cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases, ranging from 60 to 86 years of age with an average of 68 years. Fifty hypertensive individuals had no marked changes in the ECG, and ranged in age from 20 to 76 years, with an aver-age of 46 years. The group with coronary heart disease (CHD) consisted of 20 patients who had ischemic findings in the ECG or old myocardial infarction, but no high blood pressure, ranging from 45 to 74 years of age, with an average of 61 years. The group with valvular diseases consisted of 18 patients with mitral stenosis, ranging from 30 to 62 years of age, with an average of 45 years, 6 patients with mitral stenoinsufficiency, ranging from 25 to 58 years of age, with an average of 43 years, 6 patients with mitral insufficiency, ranging from 17 to 74 years of age, with an average of 41 years, and 12 patients with aortic valvular diseases (aortic stenosis- 2 cases, aortic stenoinsufficiency- 4 cases and aortic in-sufficiency- 6 cases) who ranged from 17 to 71 years of age, with an average of 31 years. Method of recording the ACG and analysis of cardiac dynamics by the ACG method were reported in the previous paper.
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